L’APPROCHE D’EVALUATION POST OCCUPATIONNELLE : UN OUTIL DIAGNOSTIQUE DE LA PERFORMANCE DU LOGEMENT POST OCCUPANCY EVALUATION: DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS OF HOUSING PERFORMANCE

Ce papier a pour but de mettre en  lumière  le  rôle  important de  l’approche d’évaluation post occupationnelle  (EPO) comme outil d’évaluation de la performance du logement et l’évaluation de la satisfaction des usagers en se basant essentiellement sur les  impressions et  la perception des utilisateurs sur leur espace de vie ou de  travail. Cette approche est généralement utilisée dans les pays anglo-saxons, nous l’avons adoptée dans notre recherche pour évaluer la satisfaction dans les logements sociaux locatifs dans la ville de M’sila.  The  purpose  of  this  paper  is highlight  the  important  role  of Post Occupancy Evaluation  as a  useful  tool  for  evaluating  the performance of housing and assessment of user satisfaction,  based primarily on the impressions and perceptions of users about their  living or working space. This approach, commonly used  in Anglo-Saxon countries, has been applied  in  this research to evaluate user satisfaction in social housing estates in the city of M’sila

Phytosanitary practices of apple growers in the Ifrane province of the Middle Atlas of Morocco and perspectives of improvement.

This study consisted of a survey of the phytosanitary practices of apple growers in the Ifrane province of the Middle Atlas of Morocco during the 2014-2015 growing season, in order to improve them to protect the human health and preserve the environment. The results of the survey showed that farmers do not have clear and defined strategies to control the pests and diseases, with only 52% of the cases contending with following weather forecasts on media before deciding to apply pesticides. The remaining 48% have no surveillance plan and engage in pesticide sprays after they observe pests and diseases in their orchards. Furthermore, the spraying equipment shares not properly calibrated in about half of the cases, which could lead to more pesticide input in orchards. Pesticide applications varied from a minimum of 8 treatments in the least treated fram to a maximum of 25 in the most treated farm, thus bringing pesticide input from 25 kg of active ingredients/ha in the less treated orchard to over 70 kg a.i./ha in heavily treated orchards. This stresses the importance of farmer education to a more rational use of pesticides to preserve human health and the environement. Concerning pest resistance, 74% of the interviewed farmers declared alternating active ingredients to avoid pest resistance, the remaining 26 % contended with alternating commercial products. The majority of apple growers (78%) declared respecting the safety period separating the last pesticide application from fruit harvest, while 22% remain ignorant of this safety standard

ENVIRONNEMENT ET RECYCLAGE DES DECHETS ENVIRONMENT AND RECYCLING OF WASTE

Durant les dernières décennies  la masse des déchets produite par chaque habitant dans le monde  n'a cessé de croître. Les déchets représentent non seulement un vrai  problème pour les municipalités et les industriels, mais aussi une menace  pour l'environnement. Il existe deux types de déchets, les déchets ordinaires que traitent les municipalités et les déchets industriels traités par des entreprises. Auparavant  la seule solution dont nous disposions, était de détruire ces déchets en les brûlant, ou de s'en débarrasser en les enterrant.Un changement de mentalité de la part de tous les citoyens est nécessaire pour aborder cette question,  au lieu d'éliminer systématiquement la totalité des déchets, on a choisi d'en valoriser une bonne partie, c'est à dire de les recycler et de les transformer pour les réutiliser. Cela conduira d’une part à la préservation des ressources naturelles et d’autre part à la protection de l’environnement.Mots clés : Environnement ; pollution ; déchets ; recyclage ; matière première  ABSTRACTIn recent decades the mass of waste produced by every person in the world has continued to grow. Waste is not only a real problem for municipalities and industry, but also a threat to the environment. There are two types of waste, ordinary waste that treat municipal and industrial waste treated by companies. Previously the only solution available to us was to destroy these wastes by burning them or get rid      of by   burying. A change of mentality on the part of all citizens is necessary to address this issue, instead of systematically eliminating all waste, we chose to promote a good party that is to recycle and transform them for reuse. This leads firstly to the preservation of natural resources and secondly to protect the environment

L’Utilisation de L’Alliage CoCrMo En Biomécanique (cas de prothèse discal)

Les paramètres pour la production de la métallurgie des poudres classique d'un alliage CoCrMo pour les prothèses orthopédiques sont déterminés. Avec l'application de ces paramètres, un alliage ayant une densité à l’état brute, une faible porosité après frittage, la dureté considérable et comportement passif avec une résistance de frottement imporante

Breathing Current Domains in Globally Coupled Electrochemical Systems: A Comparison with a Semiconductor Model

Spatio-temporal bifurcations and complex dynamics in globally coupled intrinsically bistable electrochemical systems with an S-shaped current-voltage characteristic under galvanostatic control are studied theoretically on a one-dimensional domain. The results are compared with the dynamics and the bifurcation scenarios occurring in a closely related model which describes pattern formation in semiconductors. Under galvanostatic control both systems are unstable with respect to the formation of stationary large amplitude current domains. The current domains as well as the homogeneous steady state exhibit oscillatory instabilities for slow dynamics of the potential drop across the double layer, or across the semiconductor device, respectively. The interplay of the different instabilities leads to complex spatio-temporal behavior. We find breathing current domains and chaotic spatio-temporal dynamics in the electrochemical system. Comparing these findings with the results obtained earlier for the semiconductor system, we outline bifurcation scenarios leading to complex dynamics in globally coupled bistable systems with subcritical spatial bifurcations.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, 70 references, RevTex4 accepted by PRE http://pre.aps.or

Germination and Seedling Growth of a Set of Rapeseed (Brassica napus) Varieties under Drought Stress Conditions

Drought stress is one of the major abiotic factors affecting seed germination and plant growth especially in arid and semi-arid regions. In this study, we investigated the effects of drought stress on seed germination and seedling growth of five varieties of rapeseed. Seven drought stress levels of zero (control), -3, -5, -7, -9, -11 and -13 bars were performed using polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000). A completely randomized design with three replications was used for this experiment. Germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), mean germination time (MGT), root length (RL) and shoot length (SL) were measured to evaluate the varieties response to PEG-induced drought stress. Drought stress, variety and the interaction drought × variety had a significant effect on all studied parameters. GP and GR decreased with the increase in stress level, while MGT increased. There were no seeds germinated for all varieties at -11 bars and -13 bars. Shoot length decreased with increasing drought stress but different varieties show different performance under stress environment. Root length decreased with increasing level of severe drought stress. However, the presence of moderate drought stress could even improve the root growth of the investigated varieties. The varieties ‘INRA-CZH2' and ‘INRA-CZH3' exhibited the highest germination percentage and the best early seedling growth. Thus, they could be recommended for environments with early cropping cycle drought

Wear Debris in Prothesis for Biomaterials

La technique des remplacements des joints synovial endommagés ou malades représente l’une des plus grandes avancées dans la chirurgie orthopédique du vingtième siècle. Ces remplacements concernent l'épaule, la cheville, le coude, le genou, et la hanche qui occupe une place particulière dans les interventions chirurgicales. Actuellement plusieurs milliers de prothèses de hanche sont remplacées par année et tous les implants se composent d'un ensemble représenté par une cupule couplée avec un cotyle dur, en métal ou en céramique, et un polymère plus mou. Depuis les années 60, le polymère à haute densité (PEHD) domine les applications concernant les surfaces d'appui utilisées dans la chirurgie orthopédique. Cependant la genèse des débris d’usure du PEHD au niveau des surfaces d’appui reste un sérieux problème pour les patients portant les implants de longue durée. Le volume et la morphologie des particules d'usure sont importants pour la détermination de la réponse du corps aux débris et aux effets entraînant le blocage de la mobilité. Cet article présente un examen des types de particules les plus fréquents trouvés dans les biopsies des tissus arrachés des prothèses. En effet, la taille et la quantité de ces des débris sont des facteurs très importants pour une meilleure compréhension des processus d'utilisation dans les joints artificiels. Des particules réelles sont également décrites en cet article.Mots-clés: Débris d’usure, joints artificiels, méthodologie de séparation.Abstract :The total replacement of damaged or diseased synovial joints represents one of the greatest advances in orthopaedic surgery of the 20th century. Whereas replacements are available for the shoulder, ankle, elbow, knee, hip accounts particularly for the most surgical interventions. Currently in the world several thousand hip joints per year are replaced and all the implants consist of a sliding pair represented by a hard counterface, either metal or ceramic, and a softer polymer. Since the early of 1960’s, Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) became the dominant polymer for bearing surfaces in orthopaedic surgery. However, generation of UHMPWE wear debris from bearing surfaces in patients still the major problem for the long term implants. Both volume and morphology of the wear particles are important to determine the response of the body to debris and subsequent effects on secure fixing. This paper presents a review of the type of particles which are the most frequently, found in biopsies of tissues from explanted prostheses. Indeed, the size and the amount of these debris are very important factors for a better understanding of wear processes in artificial joints. Real wear particles are also described in this paper

Primary hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary: A case report

Primary hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary (HCO) is a very rare type of high-grade invasive malignant ovarian tumor with hepatic differentiation and production of á-fetoprotein (AFP). We describe a 78-year-old Moroccan woman who presented to our hospital with abdominal distension andpurplish nodules infiltrating the para umbilical skin with weight loss and impairment of her performance status. Excisional biopsy of the paraumbilical nodule revealed a cutaneous localization of moderately   differentiated adenocarcinoma and pelvic ultrasonography noted the presence of a tumoral right adnexal mass. The patient underwent an exploratory laparoscopy which found peritoneal carcinomatosis with pelvic adhesions allowing only a peritoneal biopsy. Diagnosis of primary hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary was established on the basis of classic   histopathologic findings, immunohistochemical staining and marked elevation in serum of á-fetoprotein more than the carbohydrate antigen 125. The patient received 3 cycles of chemotherapy based on Carboplatin and Paclitaxel with disease progression. No second line chemotherapy was given because of the drop of patient's performance status to 3. The patient died one month later

Rosenbluth Separation of the π0 Electroproduction Cross Section Off the Neutron

We report the first longitudinal-transverse separation of the deeply virtual exclusive π0 electroproduction cross section off the neutron and coherent deuteron. The corresponding four structure functions dσL/dt, dσT/dt, dσLT/dt, and dσTT/dt are extracted as a function of the momentum transfer to the recoil system at Q2 = 1.75 GeV2 and xB = 0.36. The ed -\u3e edπ0 cross sections are found compatible with the small values expected from theoretical models. The en -\u3e enπ0 cross sections show a dominance from the response to transversely polarized photons, and are in good agreement with calculations based on the transversity generalized parton distributions of the nucleon. By combining these results with previous measurements of π0 electroproduction off the proton, we present a flavor decomposition of the u and d quark contributions to the cross section

Modeling and Optimization of Hybrid Fenton and Ultrasound Process for Crystal Violet Degradation Using AI Techniques

\ua9 2023 by the authors. This study conducts a comprehensive investigation to optimize the degradation of crystal violet (CV) dye using the Fenton process. The main objective is to improve the efficiency of the Fenton process by optimizing various physicochemical factors such as the Fe2+ concentration, H2O2 concentration, and pH of the solution. The results obtained show that the optimal dosages of Fe2+ and H2O2 giving a maximum CV degradation (99%) are 0.2 and 3.13 mM, respectively. The optimal solution pH for CV degradation is 3. The investigation of the type of acid for pH adjustment revealed that sulfuric acid is the most effective one, providing 100% yield, followed by phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid. Furthermore, the examination of sulfuric acid concentration shows that an optimal concentration of 0.1 M is the most effective for CV degradation. On the other hand, an increase in the initial concentration of the dye leads to a reduction in the hydroxyl radicals formed (HO•), which negatively impacts CV degradation. A concentration of 10 mg/L of CV gives complete degradation of dye within 30 min following the reaction. Increasing the solution temperature and stirring speed have a negative effect on dye degradation. Moreover, the combination of ultrasound with the Fenton process resulted in a slight enhancement in the CV degradation, with an optimal stirring speed of 300 rpm. Notably, the study incorporates the use of Gaussian process regression (GPR) modeling in conjunction with the Improved Grey Wolf Optimization (IGWO) algorithm to accurately predict the optimal degradation conditions. This research, through its rigorous investigation and advanced modeling techniques, offers invaluable insights and guidelines for optimizing the Fenton process in the context of CV degradation, thereby achieving the twin goals of cost reduction and environmental impact minimization