Three-dimensional spatial solitons in CS2

International audienc

In vitro infectivity of Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus to different insect cell lines.

<div><p>Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the response of an in vitro host range to Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV), a pathogenic virus to the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), for the further development of a biopesticide based on cell culture systems. The cell lines from Bombyx mori (BM-5), Lymantria dispar (IPLB-LD-625Y), Trichoplusia ni (BTI-Tn-5B1-4), Anticarsia gemmatalis (UFL-AG-286), and S. frugiperda (IPLB-SF-21AE and Sf9) were tested for their susceptibility to a highly-virulent Brazilian isolate of SfMNPV. The cytopathic effects induced by the virus, the production of viral particles, and the synthesis of viral polypeptides were examined and compared. Both S. frugiperda cell lines showed hypertrophy of cell nuclei and production of many polyhedra. The SDS-Page of radiolabed proteins showed that the cell protein synthesis was shutoff, while an intense band of about 30 kDa, recognized as polyhedrin, was synthesized. The other cell lines did not show polyhedra production, although some of them underwent morphological changes and protein synthesis shutdown in response to virus infection. The SF-21 and Sf9 cell lines are recommended for further in vitro production of SfMNPV.</p></div

Comparison of the biotypes of Yersinia enterocolitica isolated from pigs, cattle and sheep at slaughter and from humans with yersiniosis in Great Britain during 1999-2000

Aims: To investigate the relationship between livestock carriage of Yersinia enterocolitica and human disease. The biotypes/serotypes of strains recovered from the faeces of pigs, cattle and sheep at slaughter during a national survey in Great Britain in 1999-2000, were compared with those of strains isolated from human cases of yersiniosis during the same period. Methods and Results: The faecal carriage of Y. enterocolitica by cattle, sheep and pigs at slaughter was 6.3, 10.7 and 26.1%, respectively. Yersinia enterocolitica biotype (BT) 1a was the most frequently isolated biotype from livestock (58%) and was the predominant biotype (53%) isolated from human cases over the same period. The main recognized pathogenic Y. enterocolitica biotype isolated from livestock was BT3 (O:5,27) (35% of sheep, 22% of pigs and 4% of cattle) but this biotype was not detected in any of the human isolates investigated. The major pathogenic biotypes of strains isolated from humans were BT3 (O:9) (24%) and BT4 (O:3) (19%) whereas of the veterinary isolates investigated, only pigs (11%) carried BT3 (O:9) strains. Conclusions: Because of significant overlaps in phenotypes of the veterinary and human strains it is not possible to comment on the correlation between host and pathogenicity, especially of biotype 1a. Significance and Impact of the Study: The data suggest that further investigations using methods with greater discriminatory power are required. However the data also suggests that pigs may be the primary reservoir for human pathogenic Y. enterocolitica infection

Análise e caracterização do gene de osmotina em cupuaçuzeiro.

O cupuaçuzeiro, Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum., pertence à família Malvaceae e é nativo da região Amazônica. A cultura do cupuaçuzeiro é afetada pela doença vassoura-de-bruxa, causada pelo fungo Moniliophthora perniciosa, provocando uma grande redução na produção de frutos. O conhecimento molecular da interação planta-patógeno é essencial para o desenvolvimento de ferramentas para o controle da doença, como por exemplo, a identificação de genótipos resistentes. Genes expressos em resposta ao ataque de patógenos são alvos de estudos desta interação. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi caracterizar um deles, o gene de osmotina, em cupuaçuzeiro. Sequências anotadas do transcriptoma de frutos de cupuaçuzeiro foram avaliadas quanto à presença deste gene. Os genes identificados foram comparados ao de osmotina de cacau pelo programa BLAST. Além disso, a organização do gene foi analisada por Southern blot, utilizando DNA genômico de cupuaçu. Identificaram-se duas sequências tipo osmotina: uma de 381 pb e outra de 477 pb, que correspondem a aproximadamente 63% e 79%, respectivamente, da região codificadora da proteína madura de cacau (607 pb). A comparação destas duas sequências com o gene de osmotina de cacau revelou identidade de cerca de 70%. Quanto à organização genômica em cupuaçu, foi observado que o gene está presente em múltiplas cópias. Estudos posteriores são necessários para investigar o envolvimento deste gene com os fenótipos de resistência à vassoura-de-bruxa

Antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting properties of the cacao endophyte Bacillus subtilis ALB629.

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Identificação e análise de genes expressos em semente e polpa de cupuaçuzeiro.

O cupuaçuzeiro, Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schumm., é a segunda espécie mais importante para a fruticultura da região amazônica, com cerca de 10% do mercado de todas as frutas amazônicas. Apesar de sua importância econômica, pouco se conhece sobre a base genética desta planta, em particular, as bases moleculares. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar genes expressos em frutos de cupuaçuzeiro, para disponibilizar uma nova ferramenta de apoio aos trabalhos de melhoramento genético. RNA dos frutos foram obtidos e, após processamento, as sequências foram determinadas por pirosequenciamento, utilizando-se a plataforma 454 (Roche Applied Science). Para os processos de limpeza das sequências e obtenção dos contigs, foram utilizados os programas est2assembly e mira assembly. A busca por similaridade foi realizada utilizando o programa BLASTX contra o banco de dados de proteínas NR (não-redundante). Cerca de 6.200 contigs apresentaram similaridade com proteínas previamente descritas. Em seguida, foram selecionados alguns contigs com potencial para utilização nos programas de melhoramento vegetal. Dentre eles, 20 foram similares a proteínas descritas para o gênero Theobroma e 6 para outros gêneros. As sequências selecionadas são relacionadas a genes codificadores de proteínas de reserva, de resposta a estresse, da via de síntese de ácidos graxos, etc. Análises mais aprofundadas das sequências permitirão a construção de uma importante base de dados moleculares para esta cultura

Physico-chemical and biological characterization of an aquifer polluted with ETBE

International audiencePetroleum compounds and among them, gasoline, is the most massively used chemicals worldwide and, as a consequence gasoline derives compounds are the most frequently found contaminants in groundwate

Near‐infrared dissipative three‐dimensional spatial solitons in CS2

International audienc

Robust Two-Dimensional Spatial Solitons in Liquid Carbon Disulfide

The excitation of near-infrared ð2 þ 1ÞD solitons in liquid carbon disulfide is demonstrated due to the simultaneous contribution of the third- and fifth-order susceptibilities. Solitons propagating free from diffraction for more than 10 Rayleigh lengths although damped, were observed to support the proposed soliton behavior. Numerical calculations using a nonlinear Schro ̈dinger-type equation were also performed

Neuromorphometric characterization with shape functionals

This work presents a procedure to extract morphological information from neuronal cells based on the variation of shape functionals as the cell geometry undergoes a dilation through a wide interval of spatial scales. The targeted shapes are alpha and beta cat retinal ganglion cells, which are characterized by different ranges of dendritic field diameter. Image functionals are expected to act as descriptors of the shape, gathering relevant geometric and topological features of the complex cell form. We present a comparative study of classification performance of additive shape descriptors, namely, Minkowski functionals, and the nonadditive multiscale fractal. We found that the proposed measures perform efficiently the task of identifying the two main classes alpha and beta based solely on scale invariant information, while also providing intraclass morphological assessment