269 research outputs found
Inverse Avalanches On Abelian Sandpiles
A simple and computationally efficient way of finding inverse avalanches for
Abelian sandpiles, called the inverse particle addition operator, is presented.
In addition, the method is shown to be optimal in the sense that it requires
the minimum amount of computation among methods of the same kind. The method is
also conceptually nice because avalanche and inverse avalanche are placed in
the same footing.Comment: 5 pages with no figure IASSNS-HEP-94/7
Crime data mining: A general framework and some examples
A general framework for crime data mining that draws on experience gained with the Coplink project at the University of Arizona is presented. By increasing efficiency and reducing errors, this scheme facilitates police work and enables investigators to allocate their time to other valuable tasks.published_or_final_versio
Analytical Results For The Steady State Of Traffic Flow Models With Stochastic Delay
Exact mean field equations are derived analytically to give the fundamental
diagrams, i.e., the average speed - car density relations, for the
Fukui-Ishibashi one-dimensional traffic flow cellular automaton model of high
speed vehicles with stochastic delay. Starting with the basic
equation describing the time evolution of the number of empty sites in front of
each car, the concepts of inter-car spacings longer and shorter than are
introduced. The probabilities of having long and short spacings on the road are
calculated. For high car densities , it is shown that
inter-car spacings longer than will be shortened as the traffic flow
evolves in time, and any initial configurations approach a steady state in
which all the inter-car spacings are of the short type. Similarly for low car
densities , it can be shown that traffic flow approaches an
asymptotic steady state in which all the inter-car spacings are longer than
. The average traffic speed is then obtained analytically as a function of
car density in the asymptotic steady state. The fundamental diagram so obtained
is in excellent agreement with simulation data.Comment: 12 pages, latex, 2 figure
Multimorbidity in middle age predicts more subsequent hospital admissions than in older age:A nine-year retrospective cohort study of 121,188 discharged in-patients
Intelligent Controlling Simulation of Traffic Flow in a Small City Network
We propose a two dimensional probabilistic cellular automata for the
description of traffic flow in a small city network composed of two
intersections. The traffic in the network is controlled by a set of traffic
lights which can be operated both in fixed-time and a traffic responsive
manner. Vehicular dynamics is simulated and the total delay experienced by the
traffic is evaluated within specified time intervals. We investigate both
decentralized and centralized traffic responsive schemes and in particular
discuss the implementation of the {\it green-wave} strategy. Our investigations
prove that the network delay strongly depends on the signalisation strategy. We
show that in some traffic conditions, the application of the green-wave scheme
may destructively lead to the increment of the global delay.Comment: 8 pages, 10 eps figures, Revte
Electroweak Model Independent Tests for SU(3) Symmetry in Hadronic B Decays
We study effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model on SU(3) symmetry
in charmless hadronic two body B decays. It is found that several equalities
for some of the decay amplitudes, such as , , , predicted by SU(3) symmetry in the SM are not affected by new
physics. These relations provide important electroweak model independent tests
for SU(3) symmetry in B decays.Comment: 4 pages, revte
Scoping review : intergenerational resource transfer and possible enabling factors
We explore the intergenerational pattern of resource transfer and possible associated factors. A scoping review was conducted of quantitative, peer-reviewed, English-language studies related to intergenerational transfer or interaction. We searched AgeLine, PsycINFO, Social Work Abstracts, and Sociological Abstracts for articles published between Jane 2008 and December 2018. Seventy-five studies from 25 countries met the inclusion criteria. The scoping review categorised resource transfers into three types: financial, instrumental, and emotional support. Using an intergenerational solidarity framework, factors associated with intergenerational transfer were placed in four categories: (1) demographic factors (e.g., age, gender, marital status, education, and ethno-cultural background); (2) needs and opportunities factors, including health, financial resources, and employment status; (3) family structures, namely, family composition, family relationship, and earlier family events; and (4) cultural-contextual structures, including state policies and social norms. Those factors were connected to the direction of resource transfer between generations. Downward transfers from senior to junior generations occur more frequently than upward transfers in many developed countries. Women dominate instrumental transfers, perhaps influenced by traditional gender roles. Overall, the pattern of resource transfer between generations is shown, and the impact of social norms and social policy on intergenerational transfers is highlighted. Policymakers should recognise the complicated interplay of each factor with different cultural contexts. The findings could inform policies that strengthen intergenerational solidarity and support.</jats:p
Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA): A Multicity Study of Short-Term Effects of Air Pollution on Mortality
Background and Objectives: Although the deleterious effects of air pollution from fossil fuel combustion have been demonstrated in many Western nations, fewer studies have been conducted in Asia. The Public Health and Air Pollution in Asia (PAPA) project assessed the effects of short-term exposure to air pollution on daily mortality in Bangkok, Thailand, and in three cities in China: Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Wuhan. Methods: Poisson regression models incorporating natural spline smoothing functions were used to adjust for seasonality and other time-varying covariates that might confound the association between air pollution and mortality. Effect estimates were determined for each city and then for the cities combined using a random effects method. Results: In individual cities, associations were detected between most of the pollutants [nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 10), and ozone] and most health outcomes under study (i.e., all natural-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality). The city-combined effects of the four pollutants tended to be equal or greater than those identified in studies conducted in Western industrial nations. In addition, residents of Asian cities are likely to have higher exposures to air pollution than those in Western industrial nations because they spend more time outdoors and less time in air conditioning. Conclusions: Although the social and environmental conditions may be quite different, it is reasonable apply estimates derived from previous health effect of air pollution studies in the West to Asia.published_or_final_versio
Study of the Cabibbo-suppressed decay modes D0-->Pi-pi+ and D0-->K-K+
Using data from the FOCUS (E831) experiment at Fermilab, we present a new
measurement for the branching ratios of the Cabibbo-suppressed decay modes
D0-->Pi-Pi+ and D0-->K-K+. We measured:
Gamma(D0-->K-K+)/Gamma(D0-->Pi-Pi+) = 2.81 +/- 0.10(stat) +/- 0.06(syst),
Gamma(D0-->K-K+)/Gamma(D0-->K-Pi+) = 0.0993 +/- 0.0014(stat) +/- 0.0014(syst),
and Gamma(D0-->Pi-Pi+)/Gamma(D0-->K-Pi+) = 0.0353 +/- 0.0012 (stat) +/-
0.0006(syst).
These values have been combined with other experimental data to extract the
ratios of isospin amplitudes and the phase shifts for the D-->KK and D-->PiPi
decay channels.Comment: 12 pages, 1 Figure, accepted for publication in Phys.Lett.
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