In vitro effects of ozone on human erythrocyte membranes: An EPR study

The effects of ozone at different concentrations (10, 30, 45 g/m3) on fluidity and thermotropic properties of erythrocyte membranes were investigated by EPR using two spin probes: 5-doxylstearic acid (5-DSA) and 16-doxylstearic acid (16-DSA). The effect of ozone on the erythrocyte membrane fluidity was a dose-dependent process. The ozone at concentration of 10 g/m3 caused rigidization of the membrane while at concentration of 45 g/m3 increased fluidity both on the surface and in the deeper hydrocarbon region of the membrane. Temperature transitions close to the polar heads region (monitored by 5-DSA) were not sensitive to an increase in ozone concentration. In the case of 16-DSA, low temperature thermotropic transition (around 20°C) gradually decreased with the increase of ozone concentration. High temperature transition (around 40°C) significantly differed at the ozone concentration of 10 g/m3 and 45 g/m3, being higher and lower, respectively, as compared to untreated cells. For the ozone concentration of 45 g/m3 the disappearance of the low temperature break and the appearance of two breaks at 37°C and 16°C were observed

Evidence of Surface Diffusion of Water Molecules on Proteins of Rabbit Lens by ¹H NMR Relaxation Measurements

In this work, we propose a relaxation model for the interpretation of NMR proton spinlattice and spin-spin relaxation times of mammalian lenses. The framework for this model is based on nuclear magnetic spin-lattice relaxation measurements as a function of temperature at different Larmor frequencies for whole rabbit lenses and fragments of the lens. According to this model, two different dynamic processes of the water molecules determine the relaxation behaviour, namely rotational diffusion and translational surface diffusion. These dynamic processes in conjuction with a two site exchange model give a good explanation of all the measured relaxation data. From the experimental data, we were able to obtain the activation parameters for rotational and translational diffusion of bound lens water. Correlation times of 2.1x10⁻¹¹ sec and 2.5x10⁻⁹ sec and activation energies of 20.5 kJ/mol and 22.5 kJ/mol respectively were found at 308K. At low Larmor frequencies (≤100 MHz) the longitudinal relaxation is mainly determined by translational surface diffusion of bound water with a mean square displacement of 1.5 nm, whereas at higher frequencies (≥300 MHz), rotational diffusion is the main relaxation mechanism. The spin-spin relaxation is determined by translational diffusion over the whole frequency range and therefore shows only a very small dispersion. By our model it is possible to explain: 1) the strikingly large difference between the T₁ value and the T₂A and T₂B values observed in the lens and 2) the different values of the activation energies measured at different fields for the lens

Evidence for a charge transfer from spilt-over hydrogen to platinum by means of ESR spectroscopy

An electron transfer from spilt-over hydrogen (H*) to platinum on a Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst has been investigated by ESR spectroscopy. Activated hydrogen is formed on Pt clusters and the resulting atomic H* species migrate onto the alumina surface where they can interact with single Pt atoms. The chemisorption of H* at 77 K leads to the appearance of ESR signals which are related to the formation of Ptn− species. This charge transfer is correlated to the formation of H+ ions from initially present radical hydrogen spillover species

Influence of cation exchange on the Al-27-NMR spectra of zeolites

The influence of cation exchange on the Al-27-NMR spectra of NaA-zeolites has been studied by Al-27-MAS- and MQ-MAS-Solid State-NMR. From the Al-27-spectra a characterization of the different At sites in the A zeolites according to their chemical environment and the structural changes on the aluminosilicate network caused by the cation exchange are obtained. It is found that the exchange with cations with smaller ion-radius cause stronger distortions of the Al-27-NMR-spectra than exchange with larger cations like Ba2+. Employing MQ-MAS spectroscopy these distortions are revealed as second order quadrupolar effects for the smaller cations and as a combination of chemical shift and second order quadrupolar interaction for the Ba cation. These changes of the quadrupolar coupling are interpreted numerically via calculations of the lowering of the symmetry of the EFG tensor. Finally it is found that the exchange with divalent cations leads to distortions of the zeolitic framework and the formation of an extra-framework aluminum. To the best of our knowledge this is for the first time that evidence for the production of extra frame work aluminum by pure cation exchange without any thermal treatment has been found in type A zeolites

Characterization of Lewis-acid sites in zeolites by EPR using the NO molecule as a probe

EPR spectra of NO adsorbed on both Na-ZSM-5 and H-ZSM-5 zeolites have been recorded at 10 and 78 K. Using the experimental parameters, it was possible to simulate the spectra on the assumption that in the studied zeolites, an NO molecule is tightly bound to an Na+ ion, already at 78 K. In the case of a ‘true’ Lewis site in these zeolites, a tight binding of NO at 10 K, but a rotation of the molecule around its z axis at 78 K, was assumed. It was possible to estimate the Al–N distance and to propose a structure of the ‘true’ Lewis site

Influence of Cation Exchange on the ²⁷Al-NMR Spectra of Zeolites

The influence of cation exchange on the ²⁷Al-NMR spectra of NaA-zeolites has been studied by ²⁷Al-MAS- and MQ-MAS-Solid State-NMR. From the ²⁷Al-spectra a characterization of the different Al sites in the A zeolites according to their chemical environment and the structural changes on the aluminosilicate network caused by the cation exchange are obtained. It is found that the exchange with cations with smaller ion-radius cause stronger distortions of the ²⁷Al-NMR-spectra than exchange with larger cations like Ba²⁺. Employing MQ-MAS spectroscopy these distortions are revealed as second order quadrupolar effects for the smaller cations and as a combination of chemical shift and second order quadrupolar interaction for the Ba cation. These changes of the quadrupolar coupling are interpreted numerically via calculations of the lowering of the symmetry of the EFG tensor. Finally it is found that the exchange with divalent cations leads to distortions of the zeolitic framework and the formation of an extra-framework aluminum. To the best of our knowledge this is for the first time that evidence for the production of extra frame work aluminum by pure cation exchange without any thermal treatment has been found in type A zeolites