Preparation of catalysts based on iron(III) porphyrins heterogenized on silica obtained by the Sol-Gel process for hydroxylation and epoxidation reactions

Solid catalysts have been prepared by chemical interaction of iron(III) porphyrins with the surface of the pores of a silica matrix obtained by the sol-gel method. The presence of the complexes in the silica matrix and the morphology of the obtained particles were studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance and thermogravimetric analysis. The catalytic activity of the immobilized iron(III) porphyrins in the oxidation of (Z)-cyclooctene, cyclohexene and cyclohexane was evaluated in dichloromethane/acetonitrile 1:1 solvent mixture (v/v) using iodosylbenzene as oxidant. Results were compared with those achieved with the homogeneous counterparts

Volume estimations for combined free-weight and rubber-band resistance exercise

Volume, or the total work performed during resistance training is one of the vital variables of resistance exercise programming. The most common definition in use by practitioners is sets x reps x external weight. While appropriate for linear loading incurred through free-weight resistance exercise, this inadequately addresses the nonlinear loading incurred with rubber resistance, a relatively new loading technique. The purpose of this investigation was to derive a theoretical model to describe a method of volume calculation for rubber band plus free-weight exercise. Men (n=51; age 19.5±1.6 years; body height 1.76±0.07 meters; body weight 77.3±11.3 kilograms) and women participants (n=66; age 18.9±1.1 years; body height 1.65±0.07 meters; body weight 62.8±9.1 kilograms) were measured for band lengths incurred at: squat with knee extended position, squat with flexed position, and change in band length was then calculated. Significant gender differences were seen for band length change as a percentage of body height (p<0.5) during the squat, which mandated separate volume equations (females=33.8%; males=35.3% of body height). Equations were determined for total external volume estimation in kgm=[0.338(m+2c2+(ln(h)-0.383)2c1)]/g and kgm=[0.352(m+2c2+(ln(h)-0.382)2c1)]/g for females and males, respectively, where m is the total external resistance, c2 and c1 are constants derived from rubber-band loading parameters, h is the body height of the participant, and g is gravitational acceleration. This work provides practitioners and researchers with a simple theoretical method for work estimation using participant’s body height to estimate displacement values during the squat exercise

Global wealth disparities drive adherence to COVID-safe pathways in head and neck cancer surgery

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