"Research in natural historical value of East Region of Russia and Siberia": A role of society of scientists at the Kazan University in development of ethnography in the first quarter of the XX century

Copyright © 2015 by Sochi State University. In article on the basis of archival material the role of Society of scientists at Imperial Kazan university in development of ethnography in the first quarter of the XX century as science and a subject matter reveals. The special place is allocated for three expeditions of the students specializing on department of geography and ethnography of physical and mathematical office of Imperial Kazan university, sent to means of Society of scientists to field ethnographic expeditions. S. A. Teploukhov, V. M. Novitsky and V. I. Podgorbunsky under the leadership of outstanding scientific professor Bruno Fridrikhovich Adler studied, comprehended bases of scientific researches, made expeditions and acquired a basis of further career that allowed them to become the talented scientists who made a powerful contribution to development of ethnology, archeology, anthropology and history in the first quarter of the XX century

Destructive factors of interethnic relationships in a multicultural region: The position of the host population of Tatarstan

In the last decades of the 20th century, liberal western society recognised the problem of minority groups as a social problem of discrimination. As a rule, the titular ethnic group (e.g. the Tatars of Tatarstan) of the constituent territories of the Federation and the Russians living there have, until recently, been the main targets of academic research. The nature of the relationship between these groups within the regional community has been the subject of research. Recent years have seen a rise in tension between the ethnic majority, which comprises the titular ethnic group and Russians living a region, and minority ethnic groups, who play an increasingly significant role in the social and economic life of the regions. Tatarstan is no exception, as is proven by frequent displays of intolerance towards representatives of ethnic minorities. Despite the fact that the bulk of these displays are declarative or latent in character, real manifestations of xenophobia also occur. From the results of this empirical study, various factors influencing the formation of attitudes amongst representatives of the ethnic majority towards ethnic minorities were distinguished. These include (in order of the importance they were given by respondents) the behaviour of the ethnic minorities in the host society; the ethnic background of the representatives of the ethnic minorities; changes to the socio-demographic situation in the region; and the opinion of representatives of the ethnic minorities about the new place of residence and the host society. In any situation the influence of these factors may be multifaceted or combined, but determinant in any case. Thus, the process of intergroup polarisation has not yet caused permanent perceptual defects and may be amenable to change depending on the particular nature of ethnic contact and the specific migration situation

Ethno-confessional group of the kryashens: Transformation of identity and modern ethno-cultural processes

© 2015 the author(s). The research problem appears to be relevant due to the current mobility of ethnic and religious boundaries. It requires rapid response from the researchers for the purpose of obtaining objective knowledge and implementation of the received information into the public discourse. The aim of this study is to identify the current ethno-social and ethno-cultural needs that are present in the environment of the modern Kryashen population of the Republic of Tatarstan. The analyzed materials were obtained through the methods of large-scale survey, as well as in-depth interviews and focus groups. As a result of the data structuring, the elements of ethnic identity of the representatives of the Tatarstan Kryashen population were formalized and ranked. Furthermore, the author's interpretation of the studied phenomenon is introduced. The article can be useful for ethnologists, social and cultural anthropologists, political scientists, and representatives of the authorities and institutions responsible for the management of interethnic cooperation

Ethnic identity and ethno-cultural needs of the modern Russian rural population of tatarstan (based on ethno-sociological research)

© Serials Publications. The relevance of the problem under investigation is determined by the following correlation activity: the degree of actualization of ethno-cultural needs and the overall level of ethnic mobilization define a comfort / discomfort level in the ethnic field. The paper aimes at analyzing the degree of actualization of ethnic identity among the Russian rural population, identification and structuring of ethno-cultural needs, and the subsequent determination of the general level of ethnic mobilization of the given group. A polyparadigmatic approach is used to study the problem as the basic approach, supplemented by certain provisions of the theory of cultural boundaries and the theory of social construction, taking into account the historical and cultural component of a particular social reality. The following field methods are implemented within the study: mass semi-formalized interview and structured in-depth interview. The paper identifies "de-materialisation" of ethnic culture and its reformatting into a social construct with symbolic capital as the main content of modern ethno-social processes. In the meantime, these processes are less intense and have their own characteristic aspects in rural environment. It is proved that ethnic and cultural needs of the Russians living in Tatarstan are stable and have no tendency for further expansion. In this regard, one can speak of the absence of significant motivators of ethnic mobilization in the group. Data discussed in the paper can be useful for social anthropologists (ethnologists), sociologists, demographers, regional ethnographers when studying local and regional communities

Polarization switching effects in thin BZT films

This work was supported by the RFBR grant N 18-32-00092_mol-a

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕТОДЫ ОЦЕНКИ ФИБРОЗА ПЕЧЕНИ

In the article we describe different modern methods of estimation of liver fibrosis at chronic viral hepatitis and their role in clinical practice.В настоящем обзоре приведены различные современные методы оценки фиброза печени при хронических вирусных гепатитах и показана их роль в клинической практике

Microalgae Lipid Characterization

To meet the growing interest of utilizing microalgae biomass in the production of biofuels and nutraceutical and pharmaceutical lipids, we need suitable analytical methods and a comprehensive database for their lipid components. The objective of the present work was to demonstrate methodology and provide data on fatty acid composition, lipid class content and composition, characteristics of the unsaponifiables, and type of chlorophylls of five microalgae. Microalgae lipids were fractionated into TAG, FFA, and polar lipids using TLC, and the composition of fatty acids in total lipids and in each lipid class, hydrocarbons, and sterols were determined by GC-MS. Glyco- and phospholipids were profiled by LC/ESI-MS. Chlorophylls and their related metabolites were qualified by LC/APCI-MS. The melting and crystallization profiles of microalgae total lipids and their esters were analyzed by DSC to evaluate their potential biofuel applications. Significant differences and complexities of lipid composition among the algae tested were observed. The compositional information is valuable for strain selection, downstream biomass fractionation, and utilization

Interaction Effects of Light, Temperature and Nutrient Limitations (N, P and Si) on Growth, Stoichiometry and Photosynthetic Parameters of the Cold-Water Diatom Chaetoceros wighamii

Light (20-450 mu mol photons m(-2) s(-1)), temperature (3-11 degrees C) and inorganic nutrient composition (nutrient replete and N, P and Si limitation) were manipulated to study their combined influence on growth, stoichiometry (C:N:P:Chl a) and primary production of the cold water diatom Chaetoceros wighamii. During exponential growth, the maximum growth rate (similar to 0.8 d(-1)) was observed at high temperture and light; at 3 degrees C the growth rate was similar to 30% lower under similar light conditions. The interaction effect of light and temperature were clearly visible from growth and cellular stoichiometry. The average C:N:P molar ratio was 80:13:1 during exponential growth, but the range, due to different light acclimation, was widest at the lowest temperature, reaching very low C:P (similar to 50) and N:P ratios (similar to 8) at low light and temperature. The C:Chl a ratio had also a wider range at the lowest temperature during exponential growth, ranging 16-48 (weight ratio) at 3 degrees C compared with 17-33 at 11 degrees C. During exponential growth, there was no clear trend in the Chl a normalized, initial slope (alpha*) of the photosynthesis-irradiance (PE) curve, but the maximum photosynthetic production (P-m) was highest for cultures acclimated to the highest light and temperature. During the stationary growth phase, the stoichiometric relationship depended on the limiting nutrient, but with generally increasing C:N:P ratio. The average photosynthetic quotient (PQ) during exponential growth was 1.26 but decreased toPeer reviewe