CUIDADOS E PREVENÇÕES AO DIABETES NO BRASIL

Diabetes, as well as other chronic diseases such as hypertension, occupy a place of relevance with regard to the diseases that more affect the population and more cause deaths. Public policies aimed at its eradication, although advantageous, are insufficient and costly. Thus, there is the alternative of early diagnosis of the disease, screening, which obtained, of the total, 44% representing new cases. The objective is the solution through new policies and knowledge of the disease. The degrading factor of the disease requires its study, when observed in close relatives. The surveys used closed questionnaires to obtain data. The conclusion is that the research proposals are efficient as complementary to existing policies.O diabetes, assim como outras doenças crônicas tais como hipertensão, ocupa um lugar de relevância no que diz respeito às doenças que mais atingem a população e mais causam mortes. As políticas públicas voltadas à sua erradicação, embora vantajosas, são insuficientes e custosas. Sendo assim, há a alternativa do diagnóstico precoce da doença, rastreamento, que obteve, do total, 44% representando novos casos. Objetiva-se a solução por meio de novas políticas e conhecimento da doença. O fator degradante da doença exige seu estudo, ao ser observada em familiares próximos. As pesquisas utilizadas usaram questionários fechados para obter dados. A conclusão é que as propostas das pesquisas se mostram eficientes como complementos às políticas existentes

DIREITO À VIDA: A RELATIVIZAÇÃO DO CRIME DE ABORTO E O ENFOQUE CONSTITUCIONAL DE RONALD DWORKIN

This article discusses the discussion on the right to life: the relativization of abortion crime and the constitutional approach of Ronald Dworkin. Considering the social beliefs, as well as the morally attributed values "‹"‹on the subject, the following question was raised: How can Dworkin's constitutional approach justify the relativization of abortion crime? From this perspective, the following hypotheses were considered: "derivative and independent thinking" and "the constitutional interpretation and dimensions of adequacy and justice based on Dworkin". Based on these questions, this paper aimed to analyze the relativization of abortion crime and, as specific objectives, to legally understand the concept of the fundamental right to life, to identify, through Brazilian jurisprudence and legal order, the circumstances that allow the practice of abortion. abortion and discuss the value changes in society that determine the legislative and jurisprudential changes on the subject. It can be said that abortion has been recognized as a public health problem and is part of a social reality, since thousands of women at risk, exposed to the most variable physical and psychological consequences, abort in Brazil. This work is extremely important due to an individual and collective perspective, as it addresses the main discussion of the practice of abortion against the study of the laws, dogmas, controversies of our society, the fundamental right to life and the consequences of this. Conduct to the law and the present day. The research is characterized as theoretical qualitative developed through bibliographic research.O presente artigo aborda a discussão sobre o direito í  vida: a relativização do crime de aborto e o enfoque constitucional de Ronald Dworkin. Considerando as crenças sociais, bem como os valores atribuí­dos moralmente acerca do tema, levantou-se o seguinte questionamento: como o enfoque constitucional de Dworkin pode justificar a relativização do crime de aborto? Nessa perspectiva, cogitaram-se as seguintes hipóteses: "pensamento derivativo e independente" e "a interpretação constitucional e as dimensões da adequação e da justiça com base em Dworkin". A partir dessas questões, este trabalho teve como objetivo geral analisar a relativização do crime de aborto e, como objetivos especí­ficos, compreender juridicamente o conceito do direito fundamental í  vida, identificar por meio da jurisprudência e do ordenamento jurí­dico brasileiro quais as circunstâncias que permitem a prática do aborto e debater as mudanças valorativas na sociedade que determinam as alterações legislativas e jurisprudenciais a respeito do tema. Pode-se dizer que o aborto vem sendo reconhecido como um problema de saúde pública, sendo parte de uma realidade social, uma vez que milhares de mulheres em situações de risco, expostas í s mais variáveis consequências fí­sicas e psicológicas, abortam no Brasil. Este trabalho é de suma importância devido a uma perspectiva individual e coletiva, na medida em que aborda a discussão principal da prática do aborto frente o estudo das leis, dos dogmas, das controvérsias de nossa sociedade, do direito fundamental í  vida e dos desdobramentos dessa conduta para o direito e os dias atuais. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa teórica desenvolvida por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica

Feminicida: la vigencia de la ley n ° 13.104 / 2015 sobre la lucha contra la violencia de género

O tema deste artigo é o feminicí­dio. Investigou-se o seguinte problema: A eficácia da Lei nº 13.104/2015 no combate í  violência do Gênero. Cogitou-se a seguinte hipótese: "A Lei nº 13.104, de 2015, que inseriu a qualificadora feminicí­dio no Código Penal Brasileiro, é um instrumento eficaz no combate í  violência contra a mulher?". O objetivo geral é analisar a eficácia da Lei nº 13.104/2015, no combate í  violência do gênero. Os objetivos especí­ficos são: investigar o contexto histórico da violência contra a mulher; examinar a qualificadora feminicí­dio e sua aplicação; discutir a eficácia da Lei como medida de proteção. Este trabalho é importante em uma perspectiva individual devido os seus consequentes reflexos para as mulheres; para a ciência, por analisar a eficácia que a lei como uma norma apresenta em seu ordenamento jurí­dico; agrega í  sociedade pelo fato de buscar realizar uma análise sobre o contexto histórico-jurí­dico e suas consequências. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa teórica com duração de 6 meses.The subject of this article is femicide. The following problem was investigated: The effectiveness of Law No. 13.104 / 2015 in combating Gender violence. The following hypothesis was considered: "Is Law No. 13.104 of 2015, which inserted the qualifying feminicide in the Brazilian Penal Code, an effective instrument to combat violence against women?". The general objective is to analyze the effectiveness of Law No. 13.104 / 2015 in combating gender violence. The specific objectives are: to investigate the historical context of violence against women; examine the qualifying feminicide and its application; discuss the effectiveness of the law as a protective measure. This work is important from an individual perspective because of its consequent consequences for women; for science, for analyzing the effectiveness that the law as a norm presents in its legal order; It adds to society because it seeks to perform an analysis of the historical-legal context and its consequences. This is a theoretical qualitative research lasting 6 months.El tema de este artí­culo es el feminicidio. Se investigó el siguiente problema: La efectividad de la Ley N ° 13.104 / 2015 en la lucha contra la violencia de género. Se consideró la siguiente hipótesis: "¿Es la Ley N ° 13.104 de 2015, que insertó el feminicidio calificado en el Código Penal brasileño, un instrumento eficaz para combatir la violencia contra las mujeres?". El objetivo general es analizar la efectividad de la Ley N ° 13.104 / 2015 en la lucha contra la violencia de género. Los objetivos especí­ficos son: investigar el contexto histórico de la violencia contra la mujer; examinar el feminicidio calificado y su aplicación; Discutir la efectividad de la ley como medida de protección. Este trabajo es importante desde una perspectiva individual debido a sus consecuentes consecuencias para las mujeres; para la ciencia, para analizar la efectividad que la ley como norma presenta en su orden legal; Se agrega a la sociedad porque busca realizar un análisis del contexto histórico-legal y sus consecuencias. Esta es una investigación cualitativa teórica que dura 6 meses

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Análise de características vocais e de aspectos psicológicos em indivíduos com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo Analysis of vocal characteristics and psychological aspects in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a auto-imagem vocal e caracterizar auditiva e acusticamente as vozes de sujeitos com Transtorno Obsessivo Compulsivo (TOC), comparadas a um grupo controle sem queixas psiquiátricas e vocais, além de analisar aspectos psicológicos que possam estar envolvidos nas questões vocais avaliadas. MÉTODOS: Constituiu-se uma amostra de 35 indivíduos, homens e mulheres, com idades entre 16 e 74 anos, sendo 17 com TOC e 18 casos controle. Todos os pesquisados foram submetidos aos seguintes protocolos de pesquisa: Escala de Depressão de Beck, Escala de Ansiedade de Beck e o protocolo para a caracterização da voz de sujeitos com manifestações psiquiátricas. Os sujeitos responderam ainda ao questionário de análise psicodinâmica da voz com enfoque na auto-imagem vocal e foram submetidos à avaliação perceptivo-auditiva e análise acústica da voz. RESULTADOS: Na análise da auto-imagem vocal, os aspectos significativos descritos pelo grupo clínico foram as características vocais triste e ruim. Na avaliação perceptivo-auditiva, houve predomínio do tipo voz rouco-soprosa em grau leve, alterações na ressonância, velocidade de fala e na modulação e entonação. Houve diferenças entre os valores de jitter e shimmer. Não foram observados valores fora do padrão de normalidade com relação ao tremor, nem diferenças entre os grupos quanto aos valores de frequência fundamental. CONCLUSÃO: Foi possível compreender a percepção do indivíduo com TOC sobre sua própria voz e os desvios na emissão vocal. Assim, o fonoaudiólogo pode obter informações que permitam melhorar a qualidade de vida destes por meio de uma intervenção fonoaudiológica, visando, também, a interdisciplinaridade.PURPOSE: To assess the vocal self-image and to characterize auditory and acoustic aspects of the voices of individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), compared to a control group without psychiatric and vocal complaints, in addition to analyze the psychological aspects that may be involved in the evaluated vocal issues. METHODS: The sample consisted of 35 individuals - 17 with OCD and 18 control cases - of both genders, with ages between 16 and 74 years. All subjects underwent the following research protocols: Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the protocol for the characterization of the voices of individuals with psychiatric manifestations. The subjects also answered the voice psychodynamic analysis questionnaire focusing on their vocal self-image, and were submitted to auditory-perceptive evaluation and acoustic analysis of voice. RESULTS: In the analysis of the vocal self-image, the significant aspects described by the clinical group were the vocal characteristics sad and bad. In the auditory-perceptive analysis, there was a predominance of the slightly hoarse, breathy voice, alterations in resonance, speech rate, modulation and intonation. There were differences between jitter and shimmer values. All values regarding tremor were within normal standard parameters, and no differences were found between the groups regarding fundamental frequency values. CONCLUSION: It was possible to understand the perception of individuals with OCD regarding their own voices, and the deviations in vocal emissions. Thus, the speech-language pathologist can obtain information that allows the improvement in the quality of life of these individuals through speech-language pathology intervention, also aiming at interdisciplinarity

Ruthenium(II) complexes with 6-methyl-2-thiouracil selectively reduce cell proliferation, cause DNA double-strand break and trigger caspase-mediated apoptosis through JNK/p38 pathways in human acute promyelocytic leukemia cells

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-10-08T14:08:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bomfim M, l. Ruthenium (II).pdf: 5950873 bytes, checksum: 69b76d29b685a484dd9c71691535be5e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2019-10-08T14:32:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Bomfim M, l. Ruthenium (II).pdf: 5950873 bytes, checksum: 69b76d29b685a484dd9c71691535be5e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-08T14:32:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bomfim M, l. Ruthenium (II).pdf: 5950873 bytes, checksum: 69b76d29b685a484dd9c71691535be5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-01-07Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Federal University of Bahia. Institute of Health Sciences. Department of Biomorphology. Salvador, BA, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Federal University of Ouro Preto. Department of Chemistry. Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Federal University of São Carlos. Department of Chemistry. São Carlos, SP, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Ruthenium(II) complexes with 6-methyl-2-thiouracil cis-[Ru(6m2tu)2(PPh3)2] (1) and [Ru(6m2tu)2(dppb)] (2) (where PPh3 = triphenylphosphine; dppb = 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane; and 6m2tu = 6-methyl-2-thiouracil) are potent cytotoxic agents and able to bind DNA. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro cellular underlying mechanism and in vivo effectiveness of these ruthenium(II) complexes in human acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Both complexes displayed potent and selective cytotoxicity in myeloid leukemia cell lines, and were detected into HL-60 cells. Reduction of the cell proliferation and augmented phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase-3, -8 and -9 activation and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential were observed in HL-60 cells treated with both complexes. Cotreatment with Z-VAD(OMe)-FMK, a pan-caspase inhibitor, reduced Ru(II) complexes-induced apoptosis. In addition, both metal complexes induced phosphorylation of histone H2AX (S139), JNK2 (T183/Y185) and p38α (T180/Y182), and cotreatment with JNK/SAPK and p38 MAPK inhibitors reduced complexes-induced apoptosis, indicating DNA double-strand break and activation of caspase-mediated apoptosis through JNK/p38 pathways. Complex 1 also reduced HL-60 cell growth in xenograft model. Overall, the outcome indicated the ruthenium(II) complexes with 6-methyl-2-thiouracil as a novel promising antileukemic drug candidates