Funcionamento do mercado de serviços de transporte de passageiros e gestão do desenvolvimento em aglomerações urbanas baseadas em abordagem integrada

In this article, according to the results of urban agglomeration study of the Krasnodar Territory, they revealed global and local problems of passenger transport service market functioning and development affecting the quality of transport services. A new classification of passenger transport services markets is proposed, which allows to differentiate and optimize a route network in accordance with the requirements of consumer demand. An integrated approach has been formulated that integrates SWOT analysis and PEST analysis toolsinto a single coherent system that allows to take into account the global and the local aspects of passenger transport service market functioning and development to solve the problems of management in urban agglomerations. The matrix model "CTON" ("Coordination of public transport services") is developed, which includes a substantial part of SWOT and PEST analysis tools, the use of which allows to identify the components that affect an effective functioning and the development of PTS markets systematically and purposefully. SWOT and PEST analysis was carried out, on the basis of which the components of KTON matrix were determined and structured in the issue of various types of markets for PTS functioning and development management on the example of urban agglomerations of the Krasnodar Territory. They developed universal script nomograms to optimize a route network, taking into account the seasonal factor of PTS provision to the population and allowing adjust the process of transport services for population in a functional way on the basis of a balance of benefits observation for all interested parties-participants of PTS markets (Customer-Carrier-Consumer). They proposed an estimated economic-mathematical model, on the basis of which an absolute integral economic effect from a route network optimization is determined.En este artículo, de acuerdo con los resultados del estudio de aglomeración urbana del territorio de Krasnodar, revelaron los problemas globales y locales del funcionamiento del mercado de servicios de transporte de pasajeros y el desarrollo que afectan la calidad de los servicios de transporte. Se propone una nueva  clasificación de los mercados de servicios de transporte de pasajeros, que permite diferenciary optimizar una red de rutas de acuerdo con los requisitos de la demanda del consumidor. Se haformulado un enfoque integrado que integra el análisis FODA y las herramientas de análisis PESTen un único sistema coherente que permite tener en cuenta los aspectos globales y locales del funcionamiento y desarrollo del mercado de servicios de transporte de pasajeros para resolver los problemas de gestión en las aglomeraciones urbanas. Se desarrolla el modelo matricial "CTON" ("Coordinación de servicios de transporte público"), que incluye una parte sustancial de las herramientas de análisis FODAy PEST, cuyo uso permite identificar los componentes que afectan un funcionamiento eficaz y el desarrollo de los mercados de PTS sistemática y a propósito. Se llevaron a cabo análisis FODA y PEST, sobre la base de los cuales se determinaron y estructuraron los componentes de la matriz de KTON en el tema de varios tipos de mercados para el funcionamiento de PTS y la gestión del desarrollo en el ejemplo de las aglomeraciones urbanas del territorio de Krasnodar. Desarrollaron nomogramas de guiones universales paraoptimizar una red de rutas, teniendo en cuenta el factor estacional de provisión de STP a la población y permitiendo ajustar el proceso de servicios de transporte para la población de manera funcional sobre la base de un balance de observación de beneficios para todas las partes interesadas -participantes de los mercados PTS (Cliente-Transportista-Consumidor). Propusieron un modelo económico-matemático estimado, sobre la base del cual se determina un efecto económico integral absoluto a partir de una optimización de la red de rutas.Neste artigo, de acordo com os resultados do estudo da aglomeração urbana do território de Krasnodar,eles revelaram os problemas globais e locais da operação do mercado de serviços de transporte depassageiros e desenvolvimento que afetam a qualidade dos serviços de transporte. Propõe-se uma novaclassificação dos mercados de serviços de transporte de passageiros, que permite diferenciar e otimizaruma rede de rotas de acordo com as exigências da demanda do consumidor. Uma abordagem integradafoi formulada que integra a análise SWOT e as ferramentas de análise PEST em um único sistema coerenteque permite levar em conta os aspectos globais e locais da operação e desenvolvimento do mercado deserviços de transporte de passageiros para resolver os problemas de gerenciamento. em aglomeraçõesurbanas. O modelo matricial "CTON" ("Coordenação dos serviços de transporte público") é desenvolvido,o qual inclui uma parte substancial das ferramentas de análise SWOT e PEST, cujo uso permite identificaros componentes que afetam uma operação eficiente e o desenvolvimento dos mercados. de PTSsistemática e propositalmente. Análises SWOT e PEST foram realizadas, com base nas quais oscomponentes da matriz KTON foram determinados e estruturados sobre o tema de vários tipos demercados para a operação de PTS e o gerenciamento do desenvolvimento no exemplo das aglomerações.áreas urbanas do território de Krasnodar. Desenvolveram nomogramas de roteiros universais para otimizaruma rede de rotas, levando em consideração o fator sazonal de provisão de LTS para a população epermitindo ajustar o processo de serviços de transporte para a população de forma funcional com base emum balanço de observação de benefícios para todas as partes interessadas - participantes dos mercadosPTS (Customer-Carrier-Consumer). Eles propuseram um modelo econômico-matemático estimado, combase no qual um efeito econômico integral absoluto é determinado a partir de uma otimização da rede derotas

El moderno sistema de tributación de los bienes inmuebles

Taxation has long been an integral part of the functioning of the state, and if earlier the so-called “taxes” were used exclusively for the ruling elite and the bureaucratic apparatus, today taxes, forming the state budget revenue item, are subsequently redistributed to support programs various spheres of society, be it medicine, education, science, etc. The article is devoted to the study of the modern system of taxation of real estate, in particular, the specific features of real estate as objects of taxation, the main types of property taxes, regulatory legal acts in the field of taxation, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the tax structure of the Russian Federation.Los impuestos han sido durante mucho tiempo una parte integral del funcionamiento del estado, y si antes los llamados «impuestos» se usaban exclusivamente para la élite gobernante y el aparato burocrático, hoy los impuestos, que forman la partida de ingresos del presupuesto estatal, se redistribuyen posteriormente a programas de apoyo en diversas esferas de la sociedad, ya sea medicina, educación, ciencia, etc. El artículo está dedicado al estudio del sistema moderno de tributación de bienes inmuebles, en particular, las características específicas de los bienes inmuebles como objetos impositivos, los principales tipos de impuestos a la propiedad, actos legales regulatorios en el campo de los impuestos, así como las ventajas y desventajas de la estructura tributaria de la Federación de Rusia

Methods to reduce medication errors in a clinical trial of an investigational parenteral medication

AbstractThere are few evidence-based guidelines to inform optimal design of complex clinical trials, such as those assessing the safety and efficacy of intravenous drugs administered daily with infusion times over many hours per day and treatment durations that may span years. This study is a retrospective review of inpatient administration deviation reports for an investigational drug that is administered daily with infusion times of 8–24 h, and variable treatment durations for each patient. We report study design modifications made in 2007–2008 aimed at minimizing deviations from an investigational drug infusion protocol approved by an institutional review board and the United States Food and Drug Administration. Modifications were specifically aimed at minimizing errors of infusion rate, incorrect dose, incorrect patient, or wrong drug administered. We found that the rate of these types of administration errors of the study drug was significantly decreased following adoption of the specific study design changes. This report provides guidance in the design of clinical trials testing the safety and efficacy of study drugs administered via intravenous infusion in an inpatient setting so as to minimize drug administration protocol deviations and optimize patient safety

Growth and Atomic‐Scale Characterization of Ultrathin Silica and Germania Films: The Crucial Role of the Metal Support

The present review reports on the preparation and atomic‐scale characterization of the thinnest possible films of the glass‐forming materials silica and germania. To this end state‐of‐the‐art surface science techniques, in particular scanning probe microscopy, and density functional theory calculations have been employed. The investigated films range from monolayer to bilayer coverage where both, the crystalline and the amorphous films, contain characteristic XO4 (X=Si,Ge) building blocks. A side‐by‐side comparison of silica and germania monolayer, zigzag phase and bilayer films supported on Mo(112), Ru(0001), Pt(111), and Au(111) leads to a more general comprehension of the network structure of glass former materials. This allows us to understand the crucial role of the metal support for the pathway from crystalline to amorphous ultrathin film growth

A Diet With Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids as the Sole Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Is Sufficient to Support Visual, Cognitive, Motor, and Social Development in Mice

Polyunsaturated fatty acids serve multiple functions in neurodevelopment and neurocognitive function. Intravenous lipid emulsions are administered to children that are dependent on parenteral nutrition to provide the essential fatty acids needed to sustain growth and development. One of these emulsions, derived from fish-oil, is particularly poor in the traditional essential fatty acids, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids. However, it does contain adequate amounts of its main derivatives, arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively. This skewed composition has raised concern about the sole use of fish-oil based lipid emulsions in children and how its administration can be detrimental to their neurodevelopment. Using a custom-made diet that contains ARA and DHA as a sole source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, we bred and fed mice for multiple generations. Compared to adult, chow-fed mice, animals maintained on this special diet showed similar outcomes in a battery of neurocognitive tests performed under controlled conditions. Chow-fed mice did perform better in the rotarod test for ataxia and balance, although both experimental groups showed a conserved motor learning capacity. Conversely, mice fed the custom diet rich in DHA and ARA showed less neophobia than the chow-fed animals. Results from these experiments suggest that providing a diet where ARA and DHA are the sole source of polyunsaturated fatty acids is sufficient to support gross visual, cognitive, motor, and social development in mice

Impact of water hardness on oxytetracycline oral bioavailability in fed and fasted piglets

Water hardness is a critical factor that affects oxytetracycline dissolution by chelation with cations. These interactions may lead to impaired dosing and consequently decrease absorption. Moreover, feed present in gastrointestinal tract may interact with antibiotic and alter pharmacokinetic parameters. In the present study, dissolution profiles of an oxytetracycline veterinary formulation were assessed in purified, soft and hard water. Furthermore, oxytetracycline absolute bioavailability, after oral administration of the drug dissolved in soft or hard water, was evaluated in fed and fasted piglets. A maximum dissolution of 86% and 80% was obtained in soft and hard water, respectively, while in purified water dissolution was complete. Results from in vivo study reconfirmed oxytetracycline´s very low oral bioavailability. The greatest values were attained when antibiotic was dissolved in soft water and in fasted animals. Statistically significant lower absolute bioavailability was achieved when hard water was used and/or animals were fed. Moreover, Cmax attained in all treatments was lower than MIC90 of most important swine pathogens. For these reasons, the oral use of OTC formulations, that have demonstrated low oral bioavailability, should be avoided to treat systemic diseases in pigs.Fil: Decundo, Julieta María. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencia Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología. Laboratorio de Toxicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Dieguez, Susana Nelly. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencia Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología. Laboratorio de Toxicología; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Martínez, Guadalupe. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Romanelli, Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología; ArgentinaFil: Fernández Paggi, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Denisa Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología; ArgentinaFil: Amanto, Fabian A.. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Producción Animal; ArgentinaFil: Soraci, Alejandro Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencia Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología. Laboratorio de Toxicología; Argentin

Repeated revascularization in the aorto-femoral segment

Scopul lucrării. În ultimii ani structura intervențiilor repetate în segmentul aorto-ilio- femural a suferit schimbări esențiale datorită implementării metodelor endovasculare pe scara largă. Intervențiile primare au putut fi bypass-uri și/sau angioplastii cu stentare, iar intervențiile repetate pot fi deschise, endovasculare sau hibride. Scopul lucrării este aprecierea posibilităților metodelor chirurgicale clasice, endovasculare și hibride cu implementarea unor gesturi chirurgicale noi pentru îmbunătățirea rezultatelor. Materiale și metode. În perioada anilor 2009-2022 s-au efectuat 439 intervenții de revascularizare repetată în segmentul aorto-iliofemural la 378 pacienți cu ocluzii sau stenoze severe ale segmentului revascularizat în antecedente, cât și cu anevrisme anastomotice. Rezultate. Letalitatea postoperatorie a fost de 2,7 %, iar rata amputațiilor înalte de 5%. Concluzii. Datorită implementării metodelor endovasculare și hibride apar noi posibilități în revascularizarea repetată în segmentul aorto-femural. La minimalizarea traumatismului chirurgical și a ratei complicațiilor contribuie și folosirea bypass-urilor extraanatomice, protezarea distală a a. femurale profunde și anume perfectarea acestor tehnici.Aim of study. In recent years, the structure of repeated interventions in the aorto-ilio-femoral segment has undergone significant changes due to the widespread implementation of endovascular methods. Primary interventions can involve bypasses and/or angioplasty with stenting, while repeated interventions can be open, endovascular, or hybrid. The objective of the study is to assess the possibilities of classical surgical, endovascular, and hybrid methods with the implementation of new surgical techniques to improve outcomes. Materials and methods. Between 2009 and 2022, 439 repeated revascularization procedures were performed in the aorto-iliofemoral segment on 378 patients with previous severe occlusions or stenoses of the revascularized segment, as well as anastomotic aneurysms. Results. The postoperative mortality rate was 2.7%, and the rate of major amputations was 5%. Conclusions. Due to the implementation of endovascular and hybrid methods, new possibilities arise for repeated revascularization in the aorto-femoral segment. Minimizing surgical trauma and complication rates is facilitated by the use of extra-anatomic bypasses, distal prosthetic grafting of the deep femoral artery, and the refinement of these techniques

SIKE Round 2 Speed Record on ARM Cortex-M4

We present the first practical software implementation of Supersingular Isogeny Key Encapsulation (SIKE) round 2, targeting NIST’s 1, 2, and 5 security levels on 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 microcontrollers. The proposed library introduces a new speed record of SIKE protocol on the target platform. We achieved this record by adopting several state-of-the-art engineering techniques as well as highly-optimized hand-crafted assembly implementation of finite field arithmetic. In particular, we carefully redesign the previous optimized implementations of filed arithmetic on 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 platform and propose a set of novel techniques which are explicitly suitable for SIKE/SIDH primes. Moreover, the proposed arithmetic implementations are fully scalable to larger bit-length integers and can be adopted over different security levels. The benchmark result on STM32F4 Discovery board equipped with 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 microcontrollers shows that the entire key encapsulation over p434 takes about 326 million clock cycles (i.e. 1.94 seconds @168MHz). In contrast to the previous optimized implementation of the isogeny-based key exchange on low-power 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4, our performance evaluation shows feasibility of using SIKE mechanism on the target platform. In comparison to the most of the post-quantum candidates, SIKE requires an excessive number of arithmetic operations, resulting in significantly slower timings. However, its small key size makes this scheme as a promising candidate on low-end microcontrollers in the quantum era by ensuring the lower energy consumption for key transmission than other schemes

Citizen Science in Archaeology : Developing a Collaborative Web Service for Archaeological Finds in Finland

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