Psykodynamiska terapeuters upplevelse av terapiprocessen med anknytningstraumatiserade klienter

The aim of this study was to investigate how psychotherapists experience the therapeutic process in psychodynamic therapy with clients who have an attachment trauma. The study tried to answer the following questions: 1) What is characteristic for the relationship between the therapists and the clients with attachment trauma? 2) How do the therapists handle their own reactions in relation to the clients? Semi-structured interviews were accomplished with six licensed psychotherapists who have experience of working with clients with attachment trauma. The transcripts were analyzed with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) and four main themes were identified: 1) Emotional duality. 2) Endure the emotional storm. 3) Trying to understand. 4) Become a parent. Characteristic for the relationship were an emotional duality, with both moments of intense emotional contact and moments of detachment. The therapists experienced that they became significant, like parents, to their clients. Furthermore the therapists were verbally attacked by their clients. During the process the therapists experienced heavy feelings, which they tried to bear and understand helped by theory. In the discussion the importance of being present in moments of detachment is emphasized. The relationship between therapist and client is conceptualized as an attachment relationship, where the non-verbal communication was central.Studiens syfte var att undersöka psykoterapeuters upplevelser av den terapeutiska processen i psykodynamisk terapi med anknytningstraumatiserade klienter. Studien sökte svar på följande frågeställningar: 1) Vad karaktäriserar relationen mellan terapeuterna och de anknytningstraumatiserade klienterna? 2) Hur hanterar terapeuterna sina egna reaktioner i relation till klienterna? Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med sex legitimerade psykoterapeuter med erfarenhet av ovan nämnd terapiprocess. Efter analys av intervjumaterialet med Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) identifierades fyra huvudteman: 1) Känslomässig dubbelhet. 2) Uthärda känslostormen. 3) Försöka förstå. 4) Bli förälder. Relationen karaktäriserades av en känslomässig dubbelhet, med både stunder av intensiv känslomässig kontakt och stunder av kontaktlöshet. Terapeuterna blev efterhand som föräldrar i relation till sina klienter: De blev betydelsefulla och det blev en väldig närhet i relationen. Inom relationen riktade klienterna olika typer av våldsamma attacker mot terapeuterna. Under processen upplevde terapeuterna många svåra känslor som de hanterade genom att uthärda, samt genom att försöka förstå och teoretisera. I diskussionen lyfts vikten av att vara närvarande i stunder av icke-kontakt för att möta klienten. Relationen mellan terapeut och klient förstås som en anknytningsrelation, där det ordlösa samspelet var centralt. Att koppla ihop känsla och intellekt, det vill säga kropp och ord, lyfts fram som viktigt

Complement C4 Copy Number Variation is Linked to SSA/Ro and SSB/La Autoantibodies in Systemic Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases

Objective Copy number variation of the C4 complement components, C4A and C4B, has been associated with systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases. This study was undertaken to investigate whether C4 copy number variation is connected to the autoimmune repertoire in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), or myositis. Methods Using targeted DNA sequencing, we determined the copy number and genetic variants of C4 in 2,290 well-characterized Scandinavian patients with SLE, primary SS, or myositis and 1,251 healthy controls. Results A prominent relationship was observed between C4A copy number and the presence of SSA/SSB autoantibodies, which was shared between the 3 diseases. The strongest association was detected in patients with autoantibodies against both SSA and SSB and 0 C4A copies when compared to healthy controls (odds ratio [OR] 18.0 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 10.2–33.3]), whereas a weaker association was seen in patients without SSA/SSB autoantibodies (OR 3.1 [95% CI 1.7–5.5]). The copy number of C4 correlated positively with C4 plasma levels. Further, a common loss-of-function variant in C4A leading to reduced plasma C4 was more prevalent in SLE patients with a low copy number of C4A. Functionally, we showed that absence of C4A reduced the individuals’ capacity to deposit C4b on immune complexes. Conclusion We show that a low C4A copy number is more strongly associated with the autoantibody repertoire than with the clinically defined disease entities. These findings may have implications for understanding the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of systemic inflammatory autoimmune diseases and for patient stratification when taking the genetic profile into account.publishedVersio

Iceland screens, treats, or prevents multiple myeloma (iStopMM): a population-based screening study for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and randomized controlled trial of follow-up strategies.

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked DownloadMonoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) precedes multiple myeloma (MM). Population-based screening for MGUS could identify candidates for early treatment in MM. Here we describe the Iceland Screens, Treats, or Prevents Multiple Myeloma study (iStopMM), the first population-based screening study for MGUS including a randomized trial of follow-up strategies. Icelandic residents born before 1976 were offered participation. Blood samples are collected alongside blood sampling in the Icelandic healthcare system. Participants with MGUS are randomized to three study arms. Arm 1 is not contacted, arm 2 follows current guidelines, and arm 3 follows a more intensive strategy. Participants who progress are offered early treatment. Samples are collected longitudinally from arms 2 and 3 for the study biobank. All participants repeatedly answer questionnaires on various exposures and outcomes including quality of life and psychiatric health. National registries on health are cross-linked to all participants. Of the 148,704 individuals in the target population, 80 759 (54.3%) provided informed consent for participation. With a very high participation rate, the data from the iStopMM study will answer important questions on MGUS, including potentials harms and benefits of screening. The study can lead to a paradigm shift in MM therapy towards screening and early therapy.Black Swan Research Initiative by the International Myeloma Foundation Icelandic Centre for Research European Research Council (ERC) University of Iceland Landspitali University Hospita

Väckelse, opposition, identitet : Omvändelser hos författaren Astrid Forsberg

Malin Gunnarsson, MA at the Department of Humanities, Comparative Literature, Mid Sweden University Revival, Opposition, Identity: Conversions in Astrid Forsberg’s Novels (Väckelse, opposition, identitet. Omvändelser hos författaren Astrid Forsberg) This essay explores the work of the Swedish author Astrid Forsberg. It focuses on the theme of conversion, which recurs in all ten of her novels. The books were written between 1925 and 1965. Forsberg was born in Bergsjö in 1898. She grew up in a Baptist home and later converted to Catholicism. Before her debut as a fiction writer she was a teacher and a journalist. She also wrote drama and poetry. Forsberg died in Stockholm in 1966. This essay identifies three separate aspects of the conversion theme: Christian, social and individual. The Christian revival conversion functions as a standard model. It is expressed both as a love for Christ and as a life lived in conscientiousness. The social conversion is expressed through opposition, love and Bildung. Finally, the individual conversion is the character’s struggle for a genuine self-image. This essay identifies a shift in Forsberg’s work, from identity creation in a Christian context, to a corresponding identity creation that is secular and individualistic. Subsequently there is a move back, where the characters turn to God again, but from a more individualistic vantage point. These shifts between different ways of identitying creation in Forsberg’s novels have a parallel in the differences between a philosophical and a rhetorical ideal of education, as reflected in the German word Bildung

Rätten till den dödes kropp : Riksdagsdebatten 1925 om upphävandet av kyrkligt jordfästningstvång

Slutgiltigt godkännandedatum: 2019-06-14</p

Väckelse-opposition-identitet

Godkännandedatum 2017-06-15</p

Self-care and injury prevention in the Swedish welfare society : An anthropological study on how physical activity and cardio exercise are used to self-care both physically and mentally

The broader aim of this essay is twofold: Firstly, I study what motivate people to engage in physical activities, particularly walking or running. Secondly, I contextualize the experiences and understanding in relation to governmentality and technology. I pay particular attention to perceived benefits of physical activities and cardio exercises, both physical and mental benefits, which include feelings, motivations and experiences. The essay focuses on the perceived benefits of physical activities, which is deeply tied to health and self-governing. Therefore, this essay examines how physical activities is viewed as good for people’s health, how it is motivated by pain and illness, monitored by self-govern and technology, and desired for its ability to maintain capability and freedom. In order to analyze perceived benefits of physical activities, this study draws from several theoretical orientations of governmentality, concept of illness, embodiment, place, mobility and freedom. I have used medical anthropology, public health studies as well as historical studies of sport and exercises to contextualize physical activities. As method I have drawn mostly from interviews with the participants in the study and some observations of the environment. Besides that, I have used my own senses to experiences walking in different areas. Furthermore, I have analyzed written material from the public health agency and the ministry of health and social affairs in Sweden, health organizations and newspapers.