Deliver security awareness training, then repeat:{deliver; measure efficacy}

Organisational information security policy contents are disseminated by awareness and training drives. Its success is usually judged based on immediate post-training self-reports which are usually subject to social desirability bias. Such self-reports are generally positive, but they cannot act as a proxy for actual subsequent behaviours.This study aims to formulate and test a more comprehensive way of measuring the efficacy of these awareness and training drives, called ASTUTE. We commenced by delivering security training. We then assessed security awareness (post-training), and followed up by measuring actual behaviours. When we measured actual behaviours after a single delivery of security awareness training, the conversion from intention to behaviour was half of the desired 100%. We then proceeded to deliver the training again, another two times.The repeated training significantly reduced the gap between self-reported intention and actual secure behaviours

The impact of the level of literacy on access to information by urban black women in Zimbabwe: the case of Kariba town

This report lays out the findings of an investigation undertaken to determine the impact of literacy on access to information by urban black women in Zimbabwe. Kariba, a small town located at the Zimbabwe’s North-eastern boarder with Zambia was used as the study site. Document study supported by interviews and observations were used as methods of data collection. Key informants and selected women were respondents for the self administered interviews and focus group discussions. Representatives, each from, the local Catholic Church, the local clinic and the Department of Social welfare were the key informants. The Central Statistics Office in Zimbabwe was approached to get national statistics on women, literacy and development while the National Library of Zimbabwe (NLZ) provided data on the country’s information policy and the general nature of information provision. Snowball sampling was used to select a sample of 40 women between the ages of 18 and 60 drawn from the various residential areas of Kariba. Data collected was analyzed into themes and coded for statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) The results of this study may be generalized to the ecumenical information situation of urban black women in Zimbabwe. Findings show that the women in Zimbabwe experience information needs have limited access to information sources due to inappropriate levels of literacy, inter-alia other factors. This leaves the urban black woman uninformed or with inadequate information that she may not access or process due to insufficient levels of literacy. The study established that the major reasons for seeking information for the urban black woman in Zimbabwe are meeting personal and family needs. Areas of interest include education, health, childcare, politics, security, consumer issues and income generating projects. There is need to develop an information gateway characterized by accessibility and flexibility, which will be of real value to a women user community in Zimbabwe. Women’s access to education and information should be enhanced. This calls decision-makers to develop strategies for action to boost literacy for women, manage available information resources and harness effort towards making them accessible particularly to the urban black women in Zimbabwe. While interventions may be multi-sectoral, the role of government is stressed in this report

On the Beam Profile and Beam Quality of Gain-Guided Index-Antiguided Fibers with Finite Cladding Boundary

The beam quality factor $M^2$ for the fundamental LP01 mode of a step-index fiber with a finite cladding diameter is calculated in the presence of gain, in a closed form, as a function of the complex generalized V-number. It is shown that the conventional infinite cladding diameter approximation cannot be used for index-antiguided gain-guided fibers, and the rigorous analysis presented in this paper is required for accurate prediction of the beam quality factor, as reported in recent experimental measurements

Looted Nigerian heritage – an interrogatory discourse around repatriation

The colonial assault on African culture and heritage culminated in the indiscriminate looting of African cultural resources, many of which are icons in public and private museums and institutions in Europe and North America. Many more are in auction houses and art galleries outside the continent. While there is no comprehensive audit of these materials, they are estimated to run into hundreds of thousands. In this paper, attempts are made to identify the different genres of looted Nigerian materials in Europe and North America. Factors that have continued to exacerbate the looting of the country’s cultural resources are identified and attempts are made to suggest possible strategies for the repatriation of these looted treasures

The impact of the level of literacy on access to information by urban black women in Zimbabwe: the case of Kariba town

This report lays out the findings of an investigation undertaken to determine the impact of literacy on access to information by urban black women in Zimbabwe. Kariba, a small town located at the Zimbabwe’s North-eastern boarder with Zambia was used as the study site. Document study supported by interviews and observations were used as methods of data collection. Key informants and selected women were respondents for the self administered interviews and focus group discussions. Representatives, each from, the local Catholic Church, the local clinic and the Department of Social welfare were the key informants. The Central Statistics Office in Zimbabwe was approached to get national statistics on women, literacy and development while the National Library of Zimbabwe (NLZ) provided data on the country’s information policy and the general nature of information provision. Snowball sampling was used to select a sample of 40 women between the ages of 18 and 60 drawn from the various residential areas of Kariba. Data collected was analyzed into themes and coded for statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) The results of this study may be generalized to the ecumenical information situation of urban black women in Zimbabwe. Findings show that the women in Zimbabwe experience information needs have limited access to information sources due to inappropriate levels of literacy, inter-alia other factors. This leaves the urban black woman uninformed or with inadequate information that she may not access or process due to insufficient levels of literacy. The study established that the major reasons for seeking information for the urban black woman in Zimbabwe are meeting personal and family needs. Areas of interest include education, health, childcare, politics, security, consumer issues and income generating projects. There is need to develop an information gateway characterized by accessibility and flexibility, which will be of real value to a women user community in Zimbabwe. Women’s access to education and information should be enhanced. This calls decision-makers to develop strategies for action to boost literacy for women, manage available information resources and harness effort towards making them accessible particularly to the urban black women in Zimbabwe. While interventions may be multi-sectoral, the role of government is stressed in this report

Animal Imagery in the Apocalypse

The Renaissance was a fertile era for the rise of religious art mainly based on Biblical narratives from the Old and New testaments. Daunting imagery from the Book of Revelation (The Apocalypse) did not inspire the creation of many paintings. It was Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) and William Blake (1757-1827) who produced several Biblical truths largely concentrating on the apocalyptic vision. This profound book contains a rich corpus of animal symbols, which provide challenging archetypes for contemporary painters in Nigeria and elsewhere. These have been presented in this paper chronologically in a lexicon; possible interpretations and analysis of the dense motifs are offered as guide to contemporary Nigerian painters and those interested in pursuing the merits of sacred art. Secondary sources of data have essentially informed the prognosis in this paper.  The author acknowledges that this is an ongoing study and it is likely to be deepened when newer insights are gotten from further research. Keywords: God, Christ, Renaissance, Sacred Art, Apocalypse, Angels, Woman, Dragon, Sulphur, Beas

Conservation Methods of Endangered Species

An endangered species is a population of organisms, which are at high risk of becoming extinct either due to loss of habitat, high death rate or changes in environmental and predation parameters. An organism is termed an endangered species if its population has become small such that free mating and reproduction becomes difficult. Environmental degradation, climate change and changes in prey-predation ratio are some of the factors driving many species to extinction today. Without adequate protection, a preservation or conservation measure, an endangered species finally goes into extinction, that is, permanent disappearance from the earth surface. Such species are never seen alive again in this world except in form of fossil (remains) only. In this paper, we examined in-situ and ex-situ conservation as well as some measures that can be employed in saving some endangered species from extinction. The paper also recommends adequate documentation and publicity of the species for conservation and preservation.Key words: Endangered species, Extinct, Environmental degradation, Climate change, in-situ, ex-situ

Improved Hybrid Algorithm Approach based Load Balancing Technique in Cloud Computing

The routine life of modern citizens is completely dominated by the computer aided services The computer aided services depends on information and communication technologies The success behind this cloud computing are data centers with virtualization technology equipped with fastest internet and the wide acceptance of the users due to its affordable price to the common people Effective services can be provided to the end user only when proper scheduling of tasks are done in peak hours when heterogeneous collection of requests are coming to the data cente

A REVIEW OF PARTICIPATING GROUP OF TWENTY (G20) COUNTRIES IN AUSTRALIA 2014

The group of twenty (G20) cooperation between the twenty members is seen as significant and systemic. These twenty countries are participating in Australia in 2014 with non- members countries. Australian business and community leaders will have the possibility to contribute to G20 discussions. Central Bank Governors and Finance Ministers meet regularly to discuss ways to reform international financial institutions, improve financial regulation, strengthen the global economy hence these meetings is a year-long program. This study is then assesses the expansion of the G20’s scope to global development and context of the current global governance framework