74 research outputs found
Impact of L-carnitine and selenium treatment on testicular apoptosis in rats exposed to 2.45 GHz microwave energy
Objective: It has been suggested that electromagnetic radiation (EMR) by wireless devices (2.45 GHz) induces testicular apoptosis. We investigated if supplemental selenium (Se) and L-carnitine may reduce this adverse effect. Material: Twelve-week old maleWistar albino rats were used in this study. Twenty-four rats were equally divided into four groups which were named as: sham group, EMR-only, EMR+L-carnitine (1.5 mg L-carnitine/ kg/day) and EMR+Se (1.5 mg Se/kg/ every other day). Results: The level of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and -8 were compared and a significant difference was found between the sham and EMR-only groups (p < 0.05), and Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and -8 expressions increased in the EMR-only group. The level of Bcl-2, Bax, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), caspase- 3 and -8 were compared and a significant difference was found between the sham and EMR+L-carnitine groups (p < 0.05) and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-α, caspase-3 and -8 expressions increased in the EMR+L-carnitine group. The level of Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-α, caspase-3 and -8 were compared and a significant difference was found between the sham and EMR+Se groups (p < 0.05) and Bcl-2, Bax, TNF-α, caspase-3 and -8 expressions increased in the EMR+Se group. When the expression of caspase-8 was compared, a significant difference was found between the EMR-only and EMR+Se groups (p < 0.05). Caspase-8 expression decreased in EMR+Se group compared with EMR-only group. Conclusion: Electromagnetic radiation exposure resulted in testicular apoptosis in rats, mainly by the intrinsic pathways by down-regulated expression of caspase-8. Reduction in the activation of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis was found higher with selenium administration compared with L-carnitine administration
Supersymmetric Polytropic Gas Dynamics
We construct the N=1 supersymmetric extension of the polytropic gas dynamics.
We give both the Lagrangian as well as the Hamiltonian description of this
system. We construct the infinite set of "Eulerian'' conserved charges
associated with this system and show that they are in involution, thereby
proving complete integrability of this system. We construct the SUSY -B
extension of this system as well and comment on the similarities and
differences between this system and an earlier construction of the
supersymmetric Chaplygin gas. We also derive the N=1 supersymmetric extension
of the elastic medium equations, which, however, do not appear to be
integrable.Comment: 15 page
Bi-Hamiltonian structure of N-component Kodama equations
The author presents a simple way of constructing the second Hamiltonian operators for N-component Kodama equations. Using dimensional analysis he is led to an ansatz for the Hamiltonian operator as well as the conserved quantities in terms of ratios of polynomials. The coefficients of these polynomials are determined from the Jacobi identities. The resulting bi-Hamiltonian structure consists of generalization of Cavalcante and McKean's work (1982) for N=2 and his earlier results for N=3,4
Poisson structure of dynamical-systems with 3 degrees of freedom
Cataloged from PDF version of article.It is shown that the Poisson structure of dynamical systems with three degrees of freedom can be defined in terms of an integrable one-form in three dimensions. Advantage is taken of this fact and the theory of foliations is used in discussing the geometrical structure underlying complete and partial integrability. Techniques for finding Poisson structures are presented and applied to various examples such as the Halphen system which has been studied as the two-monopole problem by Atiyah and Hitchin. It is shown that the Halphen system can be formulated in terms of a flat SL(2,R)-valued connection and belongs to a non-trivial Godbillon-Vey class. On the other hand, for the Euler top and a special case of three-species Lotka-Volterra equations which are contained in the Halphen system as limiting cases, this structure degenerates into the form of globally integrable bi-Hamiltonian structures. The globally integrable bi-Hamiltonian case is a linear and the SL(2,R) structure is a quadratic unfolding of an integrable one-form in 3+1 dimensions. It is shown that the existence of a vector field compatible with the flow is a powerful tool in the investigation of Poisson structure and some new techniques for incorporating arbitrary constants into the Poisson one-form are presented herein. This leads to some extensions, analogous to q extensions, of Poisson structure. The Kermack-McKendrick model and some of its generalizations describing the spread of epidemics, as well as the integrable cases of the Lorenz, Lotka-Volterra, May-Leonard, and Maxwell-Bloch systems admit globally integrable bi-Hamiltonian structure. © 1993 American Institute of Physics
The Potential Effects of Electromagnetic Field: A Review
Studies about the potential effects of electromagnetic field on human body are increasing day by day. In this
study; new investigations on this field were tried to be explained by the help of literature. An exclusive search
was conducted in medical databases and these findings were compared with literatures in the world. It is
shown, in many studies around the world, that electromagnetic waves as well as the electromagnetic field that
is given out by some of the equipment we use, create negative effects on biological systems of humans. Moreover;
it had concluded that there are roles of molecular pathways such as oxidative stress on electromagnetic
field induced diseases. These effects are the short term effects and long term effects. Decreasing of the area
of vision, heavy stress and feeling of tiredness, loosing of concentration and attention, voices in the ears and
warming of ears, reversible hearing problems, headache and such can be seen as the short term effects. The
long term effects that are commonly encountered are; irreversible hearing problems, damaging of the embryonic
development, increasing risk of miscarriage, decrease in the number of sperms, damaging of the brain
tissue, heart related problems, weakening of the memory, lymphoma, and damaging of the genetic structure.
We cannot stop using electricity. Electromagnetic field related health problems could take many years to present
symptoms. Hence, public sensitivity to these issues is a necessity. Preventative measures should be high
priority and risks should be minimized
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