Analiza odnosa između vještina igre i društvenih sposobnosti i vještine reguliranja emocija u predškolske djece

Developing effective social and emotional skills is an important aspect of development in all children, and children’s play skills are in constant interaction with their social and emotional competence. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between preschool children’s play skills and their social competence and emotion regulation skills. Tools used in this study are Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale (Değirmenci, 2016), Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation-Preschool Edition, Short Form (Çorapçı, Aksan, Arslan-Yalçın & Yağmurlu, 2010) and Emotion Regulation Checklist (Batum & Yağmurlu, 2007). This study was designed as relational survey model. The research was carried out with 131 preschool children aged 48-72 months who continued their education in public and private preschool institutions of the Ministry of National Education in Istanbul during 2016-2017 school year. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was conducted for data analysis. Results have shown that preschool children’s Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale total scores have a significant positive correlation with “Social Competence” sub-dimension scores of Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation (r= .179; p<.05) and a significant negative correlation with “Anxiety-Withdrawal” sub-dimension scores (r= -.416; p<.01). It was also found that Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale total scores have a significant positive correlation with “Emotion Regulation” sub-dimension scores of Emotion Regulation Checklist (r= .491; p<.01) and a significant negative correlation with “Lability/Negativity” sub-dimension scores (r= -.190; p<.05). In light of these findings, it can be said that as play skills of preschool children increase, their social competence and emotion regulation skills also increase; on the other hand, their levels of anxiety-withdrawal and lability-negativity decrease.Razvijanje učinkovitih društvenih i emocionalnih vještina važan je aspekt razvoja za svu djecu i dječje vještine u stalnoj su interakciji s njihovim društvenim i emocionalnim sposobnostima. Cilj ovog istraživanja jest ispitati odnos između vještina igre u predškolske djece i njihovih društvenih sposobnosti i vještine reguliranja emocija. Ta studija dizajnirana je kao model istraživanja odnosa. Istraživanje je provedeno sa 131 predškolskim djetetom u dobi od 48 do 72 mjeseca koji nastavljaju školovanje u javnim i privatnim predškolskim ustanovama Ministarstva nacionalnog obrazovanja u Istanbulu tijekom školske godine 2016./2017. godine. Instrumenti za mjerenje koji su se koristili u ovoj studiji su Knox Skala za predškolske igre (Değirmenci, 2016), Procjena društvene sposobnosti i ponašanja (Çorapçi, Aksan, Arslan-Yalçın i Yağmurlu, 2010) i Skala za regulaciju emocija (Batum i Yağmurlu, 2007). U analizi podataka koristili su se Pearson produkt-moment koeficijent korelacije i višestruka regresijska analiza. Na kraju istraživanja utvrđeno je da ukupni bodovi Knox skala za predškolske igre djece predškolske dobi imaju značajan pozitivan odnos s bodovima poddimenzije “Društvene sposobnosti” Skale procjene društvene sposobnosti i ponašanja -30 (r = .179; p<.05) i značajan negativan odnos s bodovima poddimenzije t "Povlačenje" poddimenzijskih rezultata “anksioznosti – introvertnosti” (r = -.416, p<.01).Također je ustanovljeno postojanje značajnog pozitivnog odnosa između ukupnih bodova Knox skala za predškolske igre i poddimenzijskih bodova Skale za regulaciju emocija (r = .491; p<.01), kao i značajan negativan odnos između bodova poddimenzije “promjenjivost-negativnost” (r = -.190; p<.05). U svjetlu tih rezultata, kako se povećava vještina igre u djece, tako se povećavaju i njihove društvene sposobnosti i sposobnost kontroliranja emocija. S druge se strane može reći da dolazi do smanjenja razine anksioznosti-introverzije i promjenjivosti-negativnosti

Comparing the Effectiveness of SPSS and EduG using Different Designs for Generalizability Theory

Generalizability theory (G theory) provides a broad conceptual framework for social sciences such as psychology and education, and a comprehensive construct for numerous measurement events by using analysis of variance, a strong statistical method. G theory, as an extension of both classical test theory and analysis of variance, is a model which can deal with multiple sources of error. In conducting the analysis of the G theory, there are several software programs that can be used such as GENOVA, SPSS, SAS, EduG, and G-String. In this study, the general perspectives of G theory are first explained broadly. Then, the SPSS and EduG software programs are used to conduct generalizability analyses on the data obtained from the answers of 30 students (p) to nine open-ended questions (i) as rated by three raters (r). There are three different designs in the study. Two of them are random effects designs, pxixr and pxi:r, and the last one is pxixr design using a fixed rater . According to the findings from the study, SPSS and EduG give the same results for variance component estimates as well as for G (Generalizability) and D (Decision) studies of all designs, as expected. Besides comparing the program outputs, their weaknesses and strengths were also discussed regarding different designs and data sets in this stud

A Prospective Multicenter Study On The Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Resistance And Molecular Epidemiology Of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Infections In Intensive Care Units With Clinical And Environmental Features

Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii infections are considered as emerging nosocomial infections particularly in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICUs). Therefore, reliable detection of MDR strains is crucial for management of treatment but also for epidemiological data collections. The purpose of this study was to compare antimicrobial resistance and the clonal distribution of MDR clinical and environmental A. baumannii isolates obtained from the ICUs of 10 different hospitals from five geographical regions of Turkey in the context of the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. Methods A multicenter-prospective study was conducted in 10 medical centers of Turkey over a 6 month period. A total of 164 clinical and 12 environmental MDR A. baumannii isolates were included in the study. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for amikacin (AN), ampicillin–sulbactam (SAM), ceftazidime (CAZ), ciprofloxacin (CIP), imipenem (IMP) and colistin (COL) by microdilution method and by antibiotic gradient test for tigecycline (TIG). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed to determine the clonal relationship between the isolates. The detection of the resistance genes, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-51, blaOXA-58, blaIMP, blaNDM, blaKPC, blaOXA-48 and blaPER-1 was carried out using the PCR method. Results The mortality rate of the 164 patients was 58.5%. The risk factors for mortality included diabetes mellitus, liv1er failure, the use of chemotherapy and previous use of quinolones. Antimicrobial resistance rates for AN, SAM, CAZ, CIP, IMP, COL and TIG were 91.8%, 99.4%, 99.4%, 100%, 99.4%, 1.2% and 1.7% respectively. Colistin showed the highest susceptibility rate. Four isolates did not grow on the culture and were excluded from the analyses. Of 172 isolates, 166 (96.5%) carried blaOXA-23, 5 (2.9%) blaOXA-58 and one isolate (0.6%) was positive for both genes. The frequency of blaPER-1 was found to be 2.9%. None of the isolates had blaIMP, blaKPC, blaNDM and blaOXA-48 genes. PFGE analysis showed 88 pulsotypes. Fifteen isolates were clonally unrelated. One hundred fifty-seven (91.2%) of the isolates were involved in 14 different clusters. Conclusions Colistin is still the most effective antibiotic for A. baumannii infections. The gene blaOXA-23 has become the most prevalent carbapenemase in Turkey. The distribution of invasive A. baumannii isolates from different regions of Turkey is not diverse so, infection control measures at medical centers should be revised to decrease the MDR A. baumannii infections across the country. The results of this study are expected to provide an important baseline to assess the future prophylactic and therapeutic options.PubMedWoSScopu