Associação entre nível de atividade física e uso de medicamentos entre mulheres idosas

The aim of this study was to determine the association between levels of physical activity and usage of medication in older women. The level of physical activity was assessed using a pedometer. Use of medication was assessed through medical records supplied in reports kept by the Family Health Program, City Health Department, São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo State, Brazil. Regular use of pharmaceuticals, regardless of type of illness or treatment, was listed. Data analysis was performed using Poisson regression to estimate the prevalence ratio. The results of the study indicated that, amongst the 271 eligible women, 84.9% had been classified as active. Only 23.2% did not use any type of medication while 29.8% used three or more medications. The level of physical activity was inversely associated with the number of medications used, under both crude analysis and after adjustment. The study concluded that higher volumes of physical activity were significantly associated with lower usage of pharmaceuticals in women who are involved in a physical activity program.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre o nível de atividade física e uso de medicamentos em mulheres com 60 anos de idade ou mais. O nível de atividade física foi avaliado utilizando pedômetro. O consumo de medicamento foi avaliado mediante o prontuário de cadastro da Estratégia Saúde da Família em São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brasil. Foram registrados os medicamentos de uso regular independente do tipo da doença ou do tratamento. Foi realizada análise de regressão de Poisson para estimar a razão de prevalências. Das 271 mulheres elegíveis, 84,9% foram classificadas como ativas. Apenas 23,2% não utilizam nenhum tipo de medicamento, enquanto 29,8% utilizaram três ou mais medicamentos. O nível de atividade física foi inversamente associado com o número de medicamentos utilizados tanto na análise bruta como na ajustada. Maiores volumes de atividade física associaram-se significativamente com menor consumo de medicamentos em mulheres envolvidas em um programa de atividade física.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de Medicina PreventivaCentro de Estudos do Laboratório de Aptidão Física de São Caetano do SulUniversidade Federal de PelotasUNIFESP, Depto. de Medicina PreventivaSciEL

Relationship between perceived sleep and polysomnography in older adult patients

AbstractBackground and aimsAging is a multifactorial process that elicits changes in the duration and quality of sleep. Polysomnography is considered to be the standard examination for the analysis of sleep and consists of the simultaneous recording of selected physiological variables during sleep.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to use polysomnography to compare sleep reported by senior citizens.MethodsWe selected 40 patients, both male and female, with ages ranging from 64 to 89 years from the Center for the Study of Aging at the Federal University of São Paulo. Patients answered questions about sleep on the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and underwent polysomnography.ResultsThe results were compared, and agreement between perceived sleep and polysomnography was found in several areas. There was an association between difficulty sleeping and sleep onset latency (p=0.015), waking up at night with sleep onset latency (p=0.005), total sleep time with daytime sleepiness (0.005) and snoring (0.027), sleep efficiency with sleepiness (0.004), snoring (0.033) and pause in breathing (p=0.024), awakenings with snoring (p=0.012) and sleep apnea with pauses in breathing (p=0.001).ConclusionThese results suggest that the older adult population have a good perception of their sleep. The questionnaires aimed at this population should be used as an alternative to polysomnography

Effect of chronic sleep restriction and aging on calcium signaling and apoptosis in the hippocampus of young and aged animals

Aging leads to progressive deterioration of physiological function and diminished responses to environmental stress. Organic and functional alterations are frequently observed in elderly subjects. Although chronic sleep loss is observed during senescence, little is known about the impact of insufficient sleep on cellular function in aging neurons. Disruption of neuronal calcium (Ca2+) signaling is related to impaired neuronal function and cell death. It has been hypothesized that sleep deprivation may compromise neuronal stability and induce cell death in young neurons; however, it is necessary to evaluate the impact of aging on this process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chronic sleep restriction (CSR) on Ca2+ signaling and cell death in the hippocampus of young and aged animals. We found that glutamate and carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP) induced a greater elevation in cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+](c)) in hippocampal slices from aged rats subjected to CSR compared to age-matched controls. Interestingly, aged-matched controls showed a reduced Ca2+ response to glutamate and FCCP, relative to both CSR and control young animals. Apoptotic nuclei were observed in aged rats from both treatment groups; however, the profile of apoptotic nuclei in aged CSR rats was highly variable. Bax and Bc1-2 protein expression did not change with aging in the CSR groups. Our study indicates that aging promotes changes in Ca2+ signaling, which may also be affected by CSR. These age-dependent changes in Ca2+ signaling may increase cellular vulnerability during CSR and contribute to Ca2+ signaling dysregulation, which may ultimately induce cell death. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Associacao Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa (AFIP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)CEPIDConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Psicobiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Farmacol, BR-04044020 São Paulo, BrazilUN1FESP, Ctr Microscopia Eletron, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Psicobiol, BR-04024002 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Farmacol, BR-04044020 São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 08/50424-3CEPID: 98/14303-3Web of Scienc

Dança como motivação nas aulas de educação física para o ensino médio / Dance as a motivation in physical education classes for middle school

No processo de ensino-aprendizagem, a motivação é considerada um dos fatores essenciais. Essa motivação pode surgir de várias formas, dentre elas pode-se destacar os fatores internos e externos, que estimulam um tipo de comportamento. A ação pedagógica do professor precisa possibilitar a motivação de seus alunos, proporcionando, assim, que a aprendizagem torne-se um processo agradável e, possivelmente, mais rápido. Dentre essas possibilidades de motivação, o referido trabalho destaca a dança, pois a motivação através desta modalidade, tem alta relevância por desenvolver nos alunos tanto a parte física, como psicológica, além do fator social. A partir deste contexto, o objetivo do referido estudo foi analisar como a dança, enquanto conteúdo da cultura corporal do movimento, favoreceu a motivação dos alunos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem nas aulas de Educação Física. O presente estudo realizou uma análise descritiva, qualitativa e de campo através do questionário Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ), versão traduzida e adaptada para o idioma português e para a modalidade dança. Os resultados do estudo revelaram que a dança pode ser utilizada como fator motivacional nas aulas de Educação Física, em especial para o público do ensino médio. Por fim, a partir dos resultados obtidos, objetiva-se estimular a participação desses alunos nas aulas de Educação Física de forma ativa, destituindo essa visão que muitos discentes trazem do ensino médio a respeito da participação nas aulas de Educação Física e, apontar a importância de integrar a dança como parte do currículo escolar

Progress in analytical approaches integrating Livestock and Biodiversity to identify HNV Montados

The World Congress Silvo-Pastoral Systems 2016 aims to gather researchers from different disciplines, practitioners and policy makers at different governance levels that deal with the management and sustainability of silvo-pastoral systems. In this way the congress will create a fertile context to progress through interdisciplinarity research approaches that can help translate scientific knowledge into new adaptive management solutions, and thus bridge from science to practice. The aim is also to gather and compare knowledge from silvo-pastoral systems around the world, which share drought as a limiting factor, so that they can be discussed and evaluated

Progress in Identifying High Nature Value Montados: Impacts of Grazing on Hardwood Rangeland Biodiversity

Due to their complex structure and traditional low-intensity management, Portuguese oak woodland rangelands known as montados are often considered high nature value (HNV) farming systems, and as such, they may be deemed eligible for subsidies and incentives by governmental and nongovernmental agencies. Too little is known about how the HNV concept might be applied to conserve complex silvopastoral systems. These systems, due to their structural and functional complexity at multiple scales, tend to support high levels of biodiversity. Montados are in sharp decline as a result of the rapid specialization of land management that, through simplification, undermines multifunctionality. Understanding how changes in management influence these systems and their biodiversity is needed for prioritizing conservation efforts and for ensuring they remain HNV systems. On the basis of a field survey in 58 plots distributed among 29 paddocks on 17 farms, we conducted an integrated analysis of the relationship between grazing intensity and biodiversity in montados of similar biophysical and structural characteristics. Data on management were obtained through interviews, and biodiversity data (vegetation, macrofungi, birds, herpetofauna) were obtained through specific field protocols. Additional spatial data, such as soil characteristics, slope, land cover, and linear landscape elements, were also analyzed. The results show no overall biodiversity variation as a result of different management practices. However, different groups of species react differently to specific management practices, and within a pasture, grazing impacts are heterogenous. In low grazing intensity plots, macrofungi species richness was found to be higher, while bird species richness was lower. Using tree regeneration as proxy for montado sustainability, results show less tree regeneration in areas with higher forage quality and more intense grazing. Pathways for future progress are proposed, including creating areas within a paddock that attract grazing away from where regeneration is desired

HERA - Environmental Risk Assessment of a contaminated estuarine environment: a case study

Sado River estuary is located in the west coast of Portugal. Previous environmental studies identified industrial contamination, non-point anthropogenic sources and contamination coming from the river, all promoting accumulation of polluted sediments with known impacts on the ecological system. Surrounding human populations have intense economic fishery activities. Together with agriculture, estuary fishing products are available to local residents. Food usage previously characterized through ethnographic studies suggests exposure to estuarine products, farming products, and water in daily activities, as potential routes of contamination. It is well established that long term exposure to heavy metals are associated with renal and neurological diseases, most heavy metals are classified as carcinogenic and teratogenic.Instituição Financiadora: FCT; Instituições participantes: IMAR -Instituto do Mar (coord.)e PRÓ-INSA, Associação para a Promoção da Investigação em Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorg

JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA SAÚDE: OS DESAFIOS DA ASSISTÊNCIA FARMACÊUTICA DO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE

This article discusses the challenges of pharmaceutical assistance in the Unified Health System from the perspective of the Judicialization of Health. In this sense, the basic conceptualization for understanding the theme is presented, as well as the perspectives and challenges, together with an analysis of lawsuits related to medications, with the purpose of substantiating in a more solid manner the discussion about the proposed theme.Este artículo discute los desafíos de la atención farmacéutica en el Sistema Único de Salud desde la perspectiva de la Judicialización de la Salud. En este sentido, el concepto básico es para la comprensión del tema, así como las perspectivas y desafíos, junto con un análisis de las demandas relacionadas con los medicamentos, con el objetivo de fundamentar de una manera más sólida la discusión sobre el tema propuesto.Este artigo discute os desafios da assistência farmacêutica no Sistema Único de saúde sob a perspectiva da Judicialização da Saúde. Neste sentido, tem-se a conceituação basilar para a compreensão do tema, bem como as perspectivas e desafios, aliados a uma análise de demandas judiciais referentes aos medicamentos, com objetivo de consubstanciar de maneira mais sólida a discussão acerca da temática proposta.Este artigo discute os desafios da assistência farmacêutica no Sistema Único de saúde sob a perspectiva da Judicialização da Saúde. Neste sentido, tem-se a conceituação basilar para a compreensão do tema, bem como as perspectivas e desafios, aliados a uma análise de demandas judiciais referentes aos medicamentos, com objetivo de consubstanciar de maneira mais sólida a discussão acerca da temática proposta