Sur une collection de Crustacés Décapodes Brachyoures des îles Maldives et de Mer Rouge (Expédition "Xarifa" 1957-1958)

Im Roten Meere und im Indischen Ozean, hauptsächlich im Archipel der Malediven, hat Dr. S. A. Gerlach während der "Xarifa-Expedition 1957 /58" (unter der Leitung von Dr. H. Haß), ungefähr 30 Arten von Crustacea Decapoda Brachyura gesammelt. Diese Krabben, aus Korallenbiotopen zwischen O und 40 Meter Wassertiefe stammend, sind typische Bewohner tropischer Korallenriffe. Die meisten gehören der Familie Xanthidae an. Die Bearbeitung dieser kleinen Sammlung gibt Gelegenheit zu einigen Betrachtungen zur Systematik und Biographie. So werden die Artverschiedenheiten zwischen Zosimus gemmula DANA und Z. gemmula ceylonica LAURIE sowie die Synonymie Leptodius (Xanthodius) cristatus BORRADAILE = Zozymodes pumilus (JACQUINOT) bestätigt. Das Zusammenleben in derselben Gegend und im selben Biotop würde für mehrere Arten beobachtet und untersucht; so z. B. für die zwei morphologisch verwandte Actaea-Arten, für A. lata BORRADAILE und A. remota RATHBUN, für die vier gemeinsten Arten von Chlorodiella: Chl. nigra (FORSKAL), Chl. barbata (BORRADAILE), Chl. cytherea (DANA) und Chl. laevissima (DANA), und für Domecia glabra ALCOCK und D. hispida EYDOUX et SOULEYET. Die geographische Verbreitung im Osten des Indischen Ozeans wurde für Philodius paumotensis RATHBUN und Globopilumnus globosus (DANA) festgestellt. Die Anwesenheit von Leptodius gracilis (DANA) in der Nähe der Indischen Küste wird zum ersten Mal erwähnt. Die karzinologische Fauna der Malediven, wie sie besonders durch die Arbeiten von L. A. BORRADAILE bekannt ist, umfaßt eine überwiegende Mehrheit solcher Arten die in Korallenbiotopen des ganzen Indopazifik vertreten sind und wahrscheinlich nur eine kleine Menge endemischer Formen

New genera and species of glaessneropsid crabs from the Lower and Middle Jurassic of France and Germany-Austria, and reconsolidation of Charassocarcinus Van Straelen, 1925

A new genus, Meroncarcinus, and two new species, M. boursicoti and Verrucarcinus marsae, are described from Callovian (Middle Jurassic) deposits of Calvados and Maine-et-Loire, France. New material of the type species of the genus Verrucarcinus, V. torosus, is examined, which improves our understanding of the peculiar morphology of this group of crabs. A new genus and species, Vilsercarcinus keuppi, is recognised from Lower-Middle Jurassic strata of Germany-Austria. Charassocarcinus, a Lower-Middle Jurassic crustacean genus of doubtful taxonomic affinity, is revived and here assigned to the Glaessneropsidae. All of this material forms the basis for a re-examination of the Glaessneropsidae, and an enhanced diagnosis is compiled. The morphology of Glaessneropsidae, one of the oldest known brachyuran families, is discussed; its complex orbital structure is remarkable for such an ancient group of crab and raises questions about its relationship with the basal brachyuran group Homolodromioidea. A solid support for a suprafamilial rank for the Glaessneropsidae is lacking

The Cenozoic age of the supposed Jurassic crab Hebertides jurassica Guinot, De Angeli & Garassino, 2007 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura)

The specific name of the crab Hebertides jurassica Guinot, De Angeli & Garassino, 2007, reflects the belief that the single known specimen is of Jurassic age and hence would represent a very early heterotreme eubrachyuran. The specimen was collected from a quarry at Ranville in Calvados, France, where Bathonian limestones of the Calcaire de Langrune Formation outcrop. However, bryozoans in the matrix of the specimen are of undoubted Cenozoic, probably Miocene, in age. Good preservation of both crab and bryozoans in the same matrix allows the assumption that they are contemporaneous, necessitating re-dating of H. jurassica as probably Miocene in age. It seems likely that the piece of matrix was discarded in the Ranville quarry by a fossil collector who had previously visited a Cenozoic locality elsewhere. Despite the revised dating, the genus Hebertides and species H. jurassica are distinct from related Corystidae and the names can be retained

Molecular Systematics of the Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Endemic Brachyuran Family Bythograeidae: A Comparison of Three Bayesian Species Tree Methods

Brachyuran crabs of the family Bythograeidae are endemic to deep-sea hydrothermal vents and represent one of the most successful groups of macroinvertebrates that have colonized this extreme environment. Occurring worldwide, the family includes six genera (Allograea, Austinograea, Bythograea, Cyanagraea, Gandalfus, and Segonzacia) and fourteen formally described species. To investigate their evolutionary relationships, we conducted Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on DNA sequences from fragments of three mitochondrial genes (16S rDNA, Cytochrome oxidase I, and Cytochrome b) and three nuclear genes (28S rDNA, the sodium–potassium ATPase a-subunit ‘NaK’, and Histone H3A). We employed traditional concatenated (i.e., supermatrix) phylogenetic methods, as well as three recently developed Bayesian multilocus methods aimed at inferring species trees from potentially discordant gene trees. We found strong support for two main clades within Bythograeidae: one comprising the members of the genus Bythograea; and the other comprising the remaining genera. Relationships within each of these two clades were partially resolved. We compare our results with an earlier hypothesis on the phylogenetic relationships among bythograeid genera based on morphology. We also discuss the biogeography of the family in the light of our results. Our species tree analyses reveal differences in how each of the three methods weighs conflicting phylogenetic signal from different gene partitions and how limits on the number of outgroup taxa may affect the results

Paradynomeninae

Paradynomeninae n. subfam. <p>(Figures 1 B, E, 4D, 5M, N)</p> <p> <b>Type genus</b>. <i>Paradynomene</i> Sakai, 1963 (type species by monotypy: <i>P. tuberculata</i> Sakai, 1963).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. Body thick, uniformly covered with tubercles, granules and/or spines. Carapace longer than wide or as long as wide, sometimes slightly wider than long, subquadrangular, may be suboval; dorsal surface convex, distinctly areolated, often with swellings or bosses, usually densely ornamented. Cervical groove entire, not reaching lateral carapace margin; frontal, cervical, branchial, branchiocardiac grooves pronounced. Anterolateral margins subparallel or slightly convex, distinctly joining corners of buccal cavity, armed with 4– 6 irregular salient teeth or prominences. Posterolateral margin with produced and elongated subdistal tooth; a tooth present posteriorly, variously salient. Posterior region of carapace recessed; posterior margin strongly concave. Frontal margin usually distinctly projecting, tridentate, rarely bidentate; supraorbital margin with small tubercles, notch; infraorbital margin with granules, teeth, notches. Orbits oblique, clearly visible from dorsal view; eyestalks short. Antenna with suboval urinal article, beaked medially; second article with firmly fixed exopod. Proepistome wide. Presence of a produced ventral anterior area, forming “face” with projecting front, inflated subhepatic, pterygostomial portions and merus of mxp3; when retracted, chelipeds with fingers resting next to mxp3 exopod and flat portion of pterygostomial region. Anterior border of endostome forming raised wall, laterally notched by exhalant orifices. Mxp3 operculiform, sharply angled; basis long, separated from ischium by incomplete suture; ischium, merus almost at right angles, ischium narrow basally, merus trigonal, laterally extended. Pleural line partially indistinct; branchiostegite of normal texture. Thoracic sternum narrow, completely covered laterally by abdomen, except for external portion of episternite 5 and small extension of episternite 6 which remain exposed when abdomen closed; external margin of abdomen close to P2, P3 coxae. Sternites 1 and 2 fused into triangular or cordiform shield; sternite 3 represented by short, narrow band at base of shield, delimited posteriorly by change in level and denticulate crest; no other marks on successive sternites. Most part of sternites 4–8 fused into single wide plate; sternite 8 tilted. Sterno-coxal depressions deep. Female sutures 7/8 ending well apart, mostly hidden by internal border of P3 sterno-coxal depression; spermathecal aperture extremely small, opening slightly behind level of coxal female gonopore. Sterno-abdominal depression moderately excavated, with oblique slopes in males, and with flat median floor. Male abdomen with all somites free, wide, long, extending onto sternum up to base of anterior shield; first somite dorsal, in prolongation of carapace, proximal portion inserted into concave posterior margin of carapace; somite 2 slightly narrower, other abdominal somites wider, increasing in width; telson broadly triangular. In males rudimentary biramous pleopods on somites 3–5. Male uropod moderately developed, occupying about half length of lateral margin of abdominal somite 6, slightly mobile. Movements of abdomen restricted in both sexes because of sets of granules on P2, to a lesser extent on P3 coxae. Chelipeds equal, more robust than P2–P4; fingers closed for about half or to most of their length, dactylus not curved or moderately curved; fixed finger almost straight. P2 to P4 relatively stout, ornamented with prominences, blunt teeth or spines; dactyli with 4 or 5 spines on lower margins. P5 reduced, sexually dimorphic; basis-ischium fused to merus, forming a single article; rudimentary ending (dactylus as long as propodal extension) forming a subchelate mechanism in females only. Coxa of P5 modified in males to enclose penis, extension narrow, elongated. Pl1 vestigial in females. Gonopod 1 stout, forming semi-rolled tube, with apical oval lobe surrounded by dense fringe of long setae. G2 needle-like, with linear row of tiny distal spines.</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. The. subfamily is monotypic. <i>Paradynomene</i>, which until recently was monospecific, now comprises six extant species (McLay & Ng 2004; Table 1).</p>Published as part of <i>Guinot, Danièle, 2008, A re-evaluation of the Dynomenidae Ortmann, 1892 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Podotremata), with the recognition of four subfamilies, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 1850</i> on pages 11-13, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/183391">10.5281/zenodo.183391</a&gt

Acanthodromiinae

Acanthodromiinae n. subfam. <p>(Figures 1 A, 2, 5O–P)</p> <p> Dynomeninae A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier 1899 <i>pro parte</i>: 9; Alcock, 1900 <i>pro parte</i>: 127, 133; 1901 <i>pro parte</i>: 34, 74; A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier 1902 <i>pro parte</i>: 22.</p> <p> <b>Type genus</b>. <i>Acanthodromia</i> A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (type species by monotypy: <i>A. erinacea</i> A. Milne- Edwards, 1880).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. Carapace longer than wide, oblong; dorsal surface convex, ornamented with close-set spines. Cervical, branchial grooves not well visible, branchiocardiac groove crescent- shaped. Anterolateral margins poorly defined, joining corners of buccal cavity, obscured by numerous spines. Posterior margin markedly concave. Frontal margin forming narrow projection; supraorbital margin oblique, continuous above orbits, eave-like, rimmed, not notched, spinous, prolonged in straight groove delineating subhepatic region; infraorbital margin concave, ornamented with spines. Orbits obliquely located, elongated, clearly visible from dorsal view; eyestalks short. Antenna with urinal article extended transversely, not medially beaked; second article with firmly fixed exopod. Proepistome short. Epistome narrow. Anteroventrally, front, inflated subhepatic pterygostomial portion forming together with merus of mxp3 a weak “face”. Anterior border of endostome forming raised wall, laterally notched by exhalant orifices. Mxp3 operculiform, angled; basis separated from ischium by nearly complete suture; ischium narrow at base, merus not extended laterally, narrow. Pleural line as wide, decalcified zone; branchiostegite of normal texture. Thoracic sternum extremely narrow, entirely (apart from sternites 1, 2) covered by male abdomen, abdominal margins close to P2, P3 coxae. Sternites 1, 2 fused into small, narrow shield, inserted between bases of mxp3; sternite 3 distinct but short, expanded laterally, delimited posteriorly by convex crest, corresponding to suture 3/4; sternites 3–8 not exposed laterally when abdomen closed; sternite 8 tilted. Sterno-coxal depressions very deep. Female sutures 7/8 ending well apart, along internal border of P3 sterno-coxal depression; spermathecal aperture small, slightly behind level of female gonopore. Sterno-abdominal depression narrow, deep, with steep sides, medially a flat floor. Abdomen broad, curved, extending over entire sternum (sternites 3–8) and reaching mxp3; first somite dorsal, with same concave curvature as posterior margin of carapace in which it is inserted; subsequent somites narrow, subequal in width; telson long, broadly triangular, slightly wider at base; somite 4 with a prominent, pearlshaped double tubercule. Abdominal somites 3–6 fused in males, probably also in females; sutures obscured by spines, only partially visible; suture between somites 5, 6 absent in males, more clearly visible in females (at least in <i>Acanthodromia margarita</i>); in females somites 3–5 each with lateral portions produced as flanges overlapping following somites; flange of somite 6 more pronounced, raised. Male uropod small, showing as narrow transverse plate, slightly mobile. Abdomen tightly locked in both sexes by mechanism involving coxae of 4 thoracopods: coxa of mxp3 with spinules overhanging posterior part of telson; coxae of P1–P3 with several spinules or granules overhanging telson at P1, P2 levels, somite 6 with uropods, and somite 5 at P3 level (in <i>Acanthodromia margarita</i> all spinules better developed in females than in males). Chelipeds equal, more robust than P2; dactylus strongly curved downwards; fixed finger almost straight; both fingers spoon-tipped. P2–P4 ornamented with spines; dactyli curved, bearing numerous spines; 4 or 5 spines on inferior margin. P5 conspicuously reduced, sexually dimorphic; basis-ischium fused to merus, basis-ischiummerus proportionally thicker than distal articles; dactylus rudimentary ending in subchelate mechanism, obsolete in males, more noticeable in females. P5 coxa of males modified, extended to enclose penis. Pl1 vestigial in females. Vestigial pleopods on somites 3–5 in males. Gonopod 1 stout, forming half-rolled tube. G2 needlelike, with row of small distal spines.</p> <p> <b>Remarks</b>. The subfamily is monotypic, and <i>Acanthodromia</i> comprises only two species (Table 1). The morphology is masked by the spines which cover the whole body, so the precise outline and the grooves on the dorsal surface of carapace are not evident, which implies that potentially related fossil taxa are not easily assigned to this subfamily. The initial assignment of <i>Acanthodromia</i> to the Dromiidae (A. Milne-Edwards 1880; Alcock 1899) and subsequent transfer to the Prosopidae, subfamily Pithonotinae Glaessner, 1933 (Wright & Collins 1972), illustrates well the “curious mixture” (McLay 1999: 534) of characters, already pointed out by A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1902). The present study has shown that there is strong support for the interpretation that the Recent <i>Acanthodromia</i> retains ancestral characters and is the most primitive of all extant dynomenids.</p>Published as part of <i>Guinot, Danièle, 2008, A re-evaluation of the Dynomenidae Ortmann, 1892 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Podotremata), with the recognition of four subfamilies, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 1850</i> on pages 6-8, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/183391">10.5281/zenodo.183391</a&gt

Rediscovery of the holotype of Paeduma cylindraceum (Bell, 1859) and description of a new genus of Hexapodidae (Decapoda, Brachyura)

Guinot, Danièle (2006): Rediscovery of the holotype of Paeduma cylindraceum (Bell, 1859) and description of a new genus of Hexapodidae (Decapoda, Brachyura). Zoosystema 28 (2): 553-571, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.540141

Paromola bathyalis Guinot & Richer de Forges 1995

Paromola bathyalis Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1995 Ovigerous female 75 × 57 mm, New Caledonia, Chalcal II, stn CH 7 (MNHN-B 19900). Sternite 8 shows a median line. The spermathecal aperture is slit-like and narrow. The chamber of the spermatheca is inflated and contains sperm; rest of the phragma consists of an oblique wall.Published as part of Guinot, Danièle & Quenette, Gwenaël, 2005, The spermatheca in podotreme crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Podotremata) and its phylogenetic implications, pp. 267-342 in Zoosystema 27 (2) on page 303, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.539796