Matière altérée, couleurs modifiées : apports des techniques analytiques et d’imagerie pour la compréhension des décors originaux sur les plafonds peints médiévaux, l’exemple de la maison du viguier à Puisserguier

Le plafond à la française de l’ancienne maison du viguier à Puisserguier (Hérault) montre d’intéressants restes de polychromies datant du tout début du XVIe siècle. L’état de dégradation avancé de la matière picturale est cependant à l’origine de certaines modifications chromatiques qui ont pu être mises en évidence par le biais d’analyses physico-chimiques et de l’imagerie scientifique. Nous verrons comment ces outils technologiques ont permis la compréhension des processus d’altération de la matière mais aussi comment ils ont joué un rôle fondamental dans la connaissance du décor original et des modifications qu’il a subi depuis sa création jusqu’à nos jours.The French-style ceiling of the former house of the medieval judge in Puisserguier (Hérault) has interesting remains of paintings from the early 16th century. However, advanced ageing of the pictorials is causing chromatic changes which were highlighted by means of physicochemical analysis and technical imaging. We will see how these techniques have constituted a very useful tool for the understanding of material degradation processes and helped to figure out how the original decoration was without the climate modifications it has been subjected to since its creation

Analyzing the evolution of deterioration patterns: A first step of an image-based approach for comparing multitemporal data sets

International audienceWhen documenting and analyzing cultural heritage, the monument states can be described by multitemporal data sets, which however present a complication for the elaboration and examination process. This difficulty leads to the necessity to improve the analyze process in order to expand the documentation process and help experts to enrich and share information about the historical buildings. Therefore an approach of change measurement, which supports the chronical comprehension of a building by visualizing and quantifying the dimensional temporal effects was elaborated, where the analyze process of a multitemporal data set was based on the interpretation of depth map images. These maps were obtained by generating ortho images of an object that was created on purpose by setting up an experimentation to acquire a multitemporal data set. This approach is the first step of a wider ongoing research about change detection processes on multitemporal data sets. Index Terms-Change measurements, multitemporal data set, depth map, ortho image, evolution of deterioration patterns

Étude interdisciplinaire des naïskoi du Musée d’Histoire de Marseille

Le présent article expose les résultats des analyses pétrographiques et physico-chimiques menées sur les petits édicules archaïques en calcaire, pour certains peints, découverts au xixe siècle à Marseille, grâce à une collaboration interdisciplinaire mise en place dans le cadre d’une étude archéologique.The present paper presents the results of petrographic and physico-chemical analyses carried out on small Archaic limestone aedicula – some of which were painted – discovered in Marseille in the 19th century. This interdisciplinary, collaborative project was set up within the framework of an archaeological study

Imagerie numérique et conservation-restauration : état de l’art et perspectives

L’imagerie scientifique est un outil incontournable des sciences de la conservation-restauration. La modification du support de la photographie, devenu numérique, le développement du rendu tridimensionnel qualitatif et quantitatif de l’image ont transformé la photographie technique en un outil d’investigation non destructif à part entière, indispensable et complémentaire des approches physiques et physico-chimiques classiques et en un outil-support de documentation. L’ensemble des développements et travaux menés en imagerie scientifique et sur l’intégration dans des plateformes collaboratives d’annotation sémantique 3D permet, outre une production plus facile de documents, de mettre en synergie les résultats provenant de différentes techniques d’analyse. Elle va modifier, dans un futur proche, l’approche sur le terrain des acteurs de la conservation et conduire à une meilleure synergie interprofessionnelle. Ils auront ainsi la possibilité de mieux mettre en cohérence leurs observations, leurs conclusions quant aux analyses faites à différentes échelles, dans une dynamique temporelle qui intègre les données de la restauration, de son histoire passée. À terme, et par l’intégration des données environnementales, ces plateformes seront un outil de suivi de l’évolution de l’état matériel du bien culturel et aussi de transmission des connaissances vers un public large.Technical imaging has always been an essential tool in conservation science. Thanks to today’s digital photography and its quantitative and qualitative tridimensional aspects, this imaging has become an autonomous and vital nondestructive instrument that complements classic physical and chemical analyses. It is also an essential tool for documentation purposes. Results coming from different techniques of analysis can now be synthesized by means of new developments in technical imaging and their insertion into collaborative 3D semantic annotation platforms. Technical imaging can modify the infield approach of conservation professionals and will help lead to better interprofessional dialogue in the future. Conservation professionals will have the assurance of better consistency in their observations, which can cover different time frames for restoration projects and historical data and conclusions drawn from analyses made at different scales. In the long term and after integration of environmental data, these platforms will become monitoring tools dedicated to following the state of conservation of cultural heritage objects and a tool for transmitting knowledge about these objects to a wider audience

Combined approaches provide an anatomical and transcriptomic fingerprint of maize cell wall digestibility

Understanding cell wall biosynthesis and degradation in grasses has become a major aim in plant biology. Although independent previous reports have focused on specific features that dictate cell wall digestibility, cytological, biochemical, and gene regulation parameters have never been integrated within the same study. Herein, we applied a combination of state-of-the-art technologies and different scales of observation on two maize lines that are characterized by highly contrasted forage digestibility. Comparative image analysis of internode sections allow to get an anatomical fingerprint associated with high digestibility: a thin peripheral rind of lignified parenchyma, small numerous vascular bundles, and low proportion of PeriVascular Sclerenchyma (PVS). This cell type patterning led to enhanced digestibility when internode sections were treated with Celluclast, a commercially cell wall degrading enzyme. At a lower scale of observation, Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) followed by thioacidolysis of PVS revealed a higher proportion of Syringyl (S) unit lignins in the low digestible line while the high digestible line was p-Hydroxyphenyl (H)-rich. Moreover, cytological observation of internodes of the two lines point out that this difference in composition is associated with a delayed lignification of PVS. At the same time, comparative transcriptomics on internodes indicated differential expression of several genes encoding enzymes along the phenylpropanoid pathway and known cell wall-associated Transcription Factors (TFs). Together, these results give an integrative view of different factors which could aim in designing a maize silage ideotype and provide a novel set of potential regulatory genes controlling lignification in maize

New advances in the Clinica software platform for clinical neuroimaging studies

International audienc

Fiat-Lux, la fusion d’images pour une approche multi-échelle, multi-temporelle et multispectrale dédiée à la conservation des biens culturels

National audienceLe projet FIAT LUX a comme objectif de fusionner des images et des informations produites par diverses techniques analytiques de terrain, rendre possible la spatialisation de ces informations et permettre le suivi de leur évolutio

Étude interdisciplinaire des naïskoi du Musée d’Histoire de Marseille : apports à la connaissance de la sculpture massaliote de l’époque archaïque.

International audienc

Étude interdisciplinaire des naïskoi du Musée d’Histoire de Marseille : apports à la connaissance de la sculpture massaliote de l’époque archaïque

National audienceThe present paper presents the results of petrographic and physico-chemical analyses carried out on small Archaic limestone aedicula – some of which were painted – discovered in Marseille in the 19th century. This interdisciplinary, collaborative project was set up within the framework of an archaeological study.Le présent article expose les résultats des analyses pétrographiques et physico-chimiques menées sur les petits édicules archaïques en calcaire, pour certains peints, découverts au xixe siècle à Marseille, grâce à une collaboration interdisciplinaire mise en place dans le cadre d’une étude archéologique

Monitoring techniques: “StegoGIS: a geographical information system for knowing and preventing infestation risks in cultural heritage”

Since 2004, the Cicrp: &ldquo;Centre Interr&eacute;gional de Conservation et Restauration du Patrimoine&rdquo;, located in Marseilles has been involved in an interdisciplinary research program dealing with infestation and re-infestation, on lining pastes used in painting conservation, by the <em>Stegobium paniceum</em> through a GIS system : a geographical information system called &ldquo;StegoGIS&rdquo;. The GIS helps understand the insects ethology in its environmental context, mainly in flour and semolina millings in order to determine analysis criteria to prevent, mitigate and fight infestation in the cultural property environment. Our approach is based on three main lines: 1- A transverse approach of infestation in any type of cultural heritage institution: archives, libraries, museums, historic buildings where organic material collections and environment are attractive on an &ldquo;insect point of view&rdquo;. 2 &ndash;An IPM strategy (Integrated Pest Management) including conservation and management of collections and buildings also based on an infestation survey with actual or potential risks. 3- A &ldquo;decision- making tool&rdquo; in diagnosis, preventing methods and treatments for professional conservation staff