Sulfate reduction and alterability of sulfur species in sediments of an estuary with irregular hydrological regime

The irregular hydrological regime in Patos Lagoon estuary has been suggested as having a distinctive influence on sulfur speciation in sediments. We performed an investigation for different prolonged hydrological conditions focusing on the distribution of sulfides (acid volatile sulfide (AVS), chromium reducible sulfide (CRS), and Free-S2-) in sediment cores from salt marsh and non-vegetated shallow zone. Significant differences in sulfides content and distribution between the different hydrological periods were found. The predominance of more reducing conditions was observed during the freshwater period. It reflects a higher total reducible inorganic sulfur (TRIS) content in this period, with a great accumulation of AVS in sediments (> 100 mg kg-1). In the maximum salinity period, more oxidizing conditions prevailed, which significantly decreased the concentrations of metastable sulfides. The intense bioirrigation process exerts control over sulfide formation and distribution, which is as important as that exerted by the variations of the hydrological regime

Mostra de ciências na Operação Rondon UEPG: experiência multiprofissional de rondonistas em Ibaiti – Paraná

Trabalho apresentado no II Congresso Nacional do PROJETO RONDON, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 23 a 25 de setembro de 2015 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.A Operação Rondon UEPG é um projeto de integração social envolvendo participação de universitários voluntários em busca de soluções para o desenvolvimento sustentável em comunidades paranaenses. A Operação ocorreu em seis municípios do Paraná, no período de 19 a 29 de julho de 2015. Este é um relato de experiência de três rondonistas estudantes dos cursos de Química Licenciatura (UNIOESTE), Farmácia (UEPG) e Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde do Idoso – Cirurgiã Dentista (UEPG), participantes da Operação Rondon UEPG no município de Ibaiti – PR. O relato trata da realização da oficina intitulada “Mostra de Ciências”, com o intuito de aproximar os alunos dos processos relacionados as ciências com atividades experimentais voltadas à área da química, criando problemas reais que permitiram a contextualização e o estímulo de questionamentos de investigação. A oficina foi realizada em três colégios de Ibaiti: Colégio Estadual Aldo Dallago, Colégio Estadual Martins de Mello e Centro Estadual de Educação Profissional; atingindo cerca de 260 alunos do ensino fundamental ao médio. A Mostra de Ciências teve como foco principal relacionar os conceitos de acidez e basicidade com o cotidiano dos alunos. Com a finalidade de verificar os conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes em relação aos conceitos de acidez e basicidade, alguns produtos utilizados de forma rotineira (vinagre, suco de limão, água sanitária, solução de bicarbonato de sódio e sabão em pó) foram apresentados e questionamentos sobre as propriedades destes produtos foram realizados. Na sequência, testou-se a acidez e basicidades destes produtos utilizando um indicador ácido-base caseiro de beterraba e discutiu-se os conceitos químicos envolvidos. Também foi realizado o experimento da bexiga que se trata da reação ácido-base do vinagre com o bicarbonato de sódio. Durante a Mostra de Ciências foi possível relacionar a química com áreas da saúde como farmácia e odontologia. Explicou-se sobre a relação da mudança de pH da saliva com doenças bucais, demonstrando a importância de se realizar a higiene bucal. Observou-se que a experimentação proporcionou o interesse dos alunos, que puderam perceber que atividades simples do cotidiano estão relacionados com a ciência. Para os rondonistas, a experiência da oficina foi de suma importância visto que estes conseguiram compartilhar e construir conhecimentos de forma multiprofissional, relacionando as áreas da química, farmácia e odontologia

Sustainable supercapacitors based on polypyrrole-doped activated biochar from wood waste electrodes

The synthesis of high-performance carbon-based materials from biomass residues for electrodes has been considered a challenge to achieve in supercapacitor-based production. In this work, activated biochar has been prepared as the active electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs), and an effective method has been explored to boost its capacitive performance by employing polypyrrole (PPy) as a biochar dopant. The results for physicochemical characterization data have demonstrated that PPy doping affects the biochar morphology, specific surface area, pore structure, and incorporation of surface functionalities on modified biochar. Biochar-PPy exhibited a surface area of 87 m2 g−1, while pristine biochar exhibited 1052 m2 g−1. The SCs were assembled employing two electrodes sandwiched with PVA solid-state film electrolyte as a separator. The device was characterized by standard electrochemical assays that indicated an improvement of 34% in areal capacitance. The wood electrodes delivered high areal capacitances of 282 and 370 mF cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2, for pure biochar and biochar doped with PPy, respectively, with typical retention in the capacitive response of 72% at the end of 1000 cycles of operation of the supercapacitor at high current density, indicating that biochar-PPy-based electrode devices exhibited a higher energy density when compared to pure biochar devices

PRÁTICAS DE CIDADANIA NO ALVORECER REPUBLICANO BRASILEIRO: PROCESSO DE ABOLIÇÃO E A ATUAÇÃO DE COELHO NETTO

O presente trabalho busca explorar algumas disputas e dimensões assumidas pela cidadania a partir conjuntura histórica que culminou na consolidação do regime republicano no Brasil. Ressaltando questões apontadas pela historiografia, abordamos, mais especificamente, a abolição do trabalho escravo e a intervenção do literato Coelho Netto no debate acerca da nacionalidade. O processo de superação do escravismo atingia as estratégias e diferenciações sociais mobilizadas pelos atores, deslocando as disputas em torno dos significados da liberdade. Por outro lado, com a relativa ampliação e transformação do espaço público, o nexo intelectuais/povo passou a assumir característica diversa

MAPREDUCE CHALLENGES ON PERVASIVE GRIDS

International audienceThis study presents the advances on designing and implementing scalable techniques to support the development and execution of MapReduce application in pervasive distributed computing infrastructures, in the context of the PER-MARE project. A pervasive framework for MapReduce applications is very useful in practice, especially in those scientific, enterprises and educational centers which have many unused or underused computing resources, which can be fully exploited to solve relevant problems that demand large computing power, such as scientific computing applications, big data processing, etc. In this study, we pro-pose the study of multiple techniques to support volatility and heterogeneity on MapReduce, by applying two complementary approaches: Improving the Apache Hadoop middleware by including context-awareness and fault-tolerance features; and providing an alternative pervasive grid implementation, fully adapted to dynamic environments. The main design and implementation decisions for both alternatives are described and validated through experiments, demonstrating that our approaches provide high reliability when executing on pervasive environments. The analysis of the experiments also leads to several insights on the requirements and constraints from dynamic and volatile systems, reinforcing the importance of context-aware information and advanced fault-tolerance features to provide efficient and reliable MapReduce services on pervasive grids

Metaheuristics for the Minimum Time Cut Path Problem with Different Cutting and Sliding Speeds

The problem of efficiently cutting smaller two-dimensional pieces from a larger surface is recurrent in several manufacturing settings. This problem belongs to the domain of cutting and packing (C&P) problems. This study approached a category of C&P problems called the minimum time cut path (MTCP) problem, which aims to identify a sequence of cutting and sliding movements for the head device to minimize manufacturing time. Both cutting and slide speeds (just moving the head) vary according to equipment, despite their relevance in real-world scenarios. This study applied the MTCP problem on the practical scope and presents two metaheuristics for tackling more significant instances that resemble real-world requirements. The experiments presented in this study utilized parameter values from typical laser-cutting machines to assess the feasibility of the proposed methods compared to existing commercial software. The results show that metaheuristic-based solutions are competitive when addressing practical problems, achieving increased performance regarding the processing time for 94% of the instances

Measurement of extracapsular extension in sentinel lymph node as a possible predictor of residual axillary disease in breast cancer

Background: The presence of Extracapsular Extension (ECE) in the Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) is still a doubt in the literature. Some studies suggest that the presence of ECE may be related to a greater number of positive axillary lymph nodes which could impact Disease Free Survival (DFS) and Overall Survival (OS). This study searches for the clinical significance of the ECE. Methods: Retrospective cohort comparing the presence or absence of ECE in T1-2 invasive breast âncer with positive SLNB. All cases treated surgically at the Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo (ICESP) between 2009 and 2013 were analyzed. All patients with axillary disease in SLNB underwent AD. Outcomes: Identify the association between the presence and length of ECE and additional axillary positive lymph nodes, OS and DFS between both groups. Results: 128 patients with positive SLNB were included, and 65 had ECE. The mean metastasis size of 0.62 (SD = 0.59) mm at SLNB was related to the presence of ECE (p < 0.008). The presence of ECE was related to a higher mean of positive sentinel lymph nodes, 3.9 (± 4.8) vs. 2.0 (± 2.1), p = 0.001. The median length of follow-up was 115 months. The OS and DFS rates had no iferences between the groups. Conclusion: The presence of ECE was associated with additional positive axillary lymph nodes in this study. Therefore, the OS and DFS were similar in both groups after 10 years of follow-up. It is necessary for additional studies to define the importance of AD when SLNB with ECE

Síndrome Coronariana Aguda como apresentação atípica do fenômeno de Roubo Subclávio

Roubo coronariano da subclávia (RCS) é um fenômeno raro que ocorre em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica com enxerto de artéria torácica interna esquerda (ATIE) e que causa estenose da artéria subclávia ipsilateral e proximal à origem da ATIE. Relatamos o caso de um paciente masculino de 65 anos que apresentou quadro atípico de síndrome do RCS, manifestando-se como síndrome coronariana aguda no pós-operatório de cirurgia vascular.Palavras-chave: Síndrome coronariana aguda; angioplastia; síndrome do roubo coronário-subclávi

An overview of care changes in the last 6 year in primary pci in st-elevation myocardial infarction in a tertiary university Brazilian hospital

Background: Although new studies and guidelines can be considered useful tools, it does not necessarily mean they are put into clinical practice. Objective: The aim of the current analysis was to assess the changes in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and mortality in a tertiary university hospital in southern Brazil during a six-year period. Methods: We have included consecutive patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent primary PCI between March 2011 and February 2017. Previous clinical history, characteristics of the procedure, and reperfusion strategies were collected. In-hospital, short and long-term mortalities were also evaluated. The significance level adopted for all tests was 5%. Results: There was an increase in the use of radial access in patients from 20.0% in 2011 to 62.7% in 2016 (ptrend 0.05). However, a lower in-hospital mortality was observed in patients treated through radial access (p < 0.001). Cardiogenic shock occurred in 11.1%, without statistical differences in the period (ptrend = 0.39), while long-term mortality rate decreased from 80.0% in 2011 to 27.3% in 2016 in this patient group (ptrend = 0.29). Conclusions: During a 6-year follow-up period, primary PCI characteristics underwent important modifications. Radial access became widely used, with a decrease in mortality with the use of this route, while aspiration thrombectomy became a rare procedure. The incidence of cardiogenic shock remained stable, but has shown a reduction in its mortality