60 research outputs found

    Mechanical adaptation of trabecular bone morphology in the mammalian mandible

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    Alveolar bone, together with the underlying trabecular bone, fulfils an important role in providing structural support against masticatory forces. Diseases such as osteoporosis or periodontitis cause alveolar bone resorption which weakens this structural support and is a major cause of tooth loss. However, the functional relationship between alveolar bone remodelling within the molar region and masticatory forces is not well understood. This study investigated this relationship by comparing mammalian species with different diets and functional loading (Felis catus, Cercocebus atys, Homo sapiens, Sus scrofa, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Ovis aries). We performed histomorphometric analyses of trabecular bone morphology (bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness and trabecular spacing) and quantified the variation of bone and tooth root volumes along the tooth row. A principal component analysis and non-parametric MANOVA showed statistically significant differences in trabecular bone morphology between species with contrasting functional loading, but these differences were not seen in sub-adult specimens. Our results support a strong, but complex link between masticatory function and trabecular bone morphology. Further understanding of a potential functional relationship could aid the diagnosis and treatment of mandibular diseases causing alveolar bone resorption, and guide the design and evaluation of dental implants

    LXXII.—Observations on Oryssus imperialis

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    Selection of a neotype for Oryssus imperialis

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    Di alcune specie d\u27Imenotteri raccolte dal Prof. Dott G. Paoli nella Somalia italiana (1926)

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    Volume: 52Start Page: 487End Page: 50

    European Social Charter and the challenges of the XXI century. La Charte Sociale Européenne et les défis du XXIe siècle

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    [Volume con contributi in inglese e francese.

    Nurses´experiences of the importance of handoff for patient safety : a litterature review

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    Bakgrund Syftet med överrapportering är att genom kommunikation förmedla viktig och relevant information om patienten. Överrapportering sker mellan enheter, yrkesgrupper och vårdgivare inom sjukvården, att den är strukturerad och tydlig är viktigt för patientsäkerheten.Sjuksköterskans överrapportering vid skiftbyte är en riskfylld aktivitet ur ett patientsäkerhetsperspektiv därför är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan är utbildad i att använda sig av kommunikationsverktyg vid sin överrapportering. Syfte Syftet var att beskriva sjuksköterskans upplevelse av överrapporteringens betydelse för patientsäkerheten. Metod I denna litteraturöversikt inkluderas 15 utvalda vetenskapliga artiklar av kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. De vetenskapliga artiklarna söktes i databaserna Public Medline [PubMed] och Cumulative Index to Nursing and allied Health Literature [Cinahl] och analyseras utifrån en integrerad analys och granskades utifrån Sophiahemmet Högskolas bedömningunderlag. Resultat Av resultatet framgår det att sjuksköterskans upplevelse av överrapportering har betydelse för patientsäkerheten. Formen för överrapportering är viktig, i resultatet framgår det att muntlig överrapportering förespråkas av sjuksköterskan men för att denna ska bli lyckad krävs en struktur och tydlighet. Sjuksköterskan behöver utbildning i vårdanpassade kommunikationsverktyg för att överrapporteringen ska bli tydlig och strukturerad. Slutsats Sjuksköterskan upplever att överrapportering har betydelse för patientsäkerheten. Muntlig överrapportering förespråkas av sjuksköterskan men för att denna ska bli lyckad krävs en struktur och tydlighet. För att kunna ha en struktur och tydlighet behöver sjuksköterskan utbildning i kommunikationsverktyg.Background Handoff between shifts is a risky activity from a patient safety point of view. The metaparadigm of nursing is based on four basic concepts; Nursing, human, health and environment. Common to the four basic concepts is that they all talk about the importance of good communication. The purpose of over-reporting is to communicate important information about the patient through communication. Handoff takes place between professional groups, units and healthcare providers. The Patient Safety Act exists as protection against damage to care, if communication is inadequate it can have consequences for patient safety. Aim Nurse ́s experiences of the importance of handoff for patient safety Method A literature review was conducted and 15 selected scientific articles with both qualitative and quantitative approaches were included in the current study. The scientific articles were analysed on the basis of an integrated analysis and reviewed on the basis of Sophiahemmet University's assessment form. Results The results of the study deal with three themes that are the basis for good over-reporting these are; clarity, structure and teamwork. Based on the results, it appears that the nurse felt that overreporting is important for patient safety. The form of over-reporting is important and the result shows that oral over-reporting is advocated by the nurse, but for this to be successful, a structure and clarity are required. In order to achieve a structure and clarity, the nurse needs training in communication tools. Conclusions Based on the results, it appears that overreporting is important for patient safety from the nurse ́s point of view. The form of over-reporting is essential and the results show that oral over-reporting is advocated by the nurse. In order for this to be successful, structure and clarity are required. This in turn calls for nurse training in communication tools
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