[1-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-5-hy­droxy-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl](thio­phen-2-yl)methanone

In the title compound, C20H13ClN2O2S, the chloro­phenyl, phenyl and thienoyl rings are oriented at dihedral angles 17.84 (7), 53.13 (8) and 34.03 (8)°, respectively, to the central pyrazole ring. An intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, pairs of bifurcated O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into inversion dimers with R 2 2(12) graph-set motifs

Anti-inflammatory activity of Platycodin D on alcohol-induced fatty liver rats via TLR4-MyD88-nf-_B signal path

No Abstract

Towards Understanding the Capability of Large Language Models on Code Clone Detection: A Survey

Code cloning, the duplication of code fragments, is common in software development. While some reuse aids productivity, excessive cloning hurts maintainability and introduces bugs. Hence, automatic code clone detection is vital. Meanwhile, large language models (LLMs) possess diverse code-related knowledge, making them versatile for various software engineering challenges. However, LLMs' performance in code clone detection is unclear and needs more study for accurate assessment. In this paper, we provide the first comprehensive evaluation of LLMs for clone detection, covering different clone types, languages, and prompts. We find advanced LLMs excel in detecting complex semantic clones, surpassing existing methods. Adding intermediate reasoning steps via chain-of-thought prompts noticeably enhances performance. Additionally, representing code as vector embeddings, especially with text encoders, effectively aids clone detection.Lastly, the ability of LLMs to detect code clones differs among various programming languages. Our study suggests that LLMs have potential for clone detection due to their language capabilities, offering insights for developing robust LLM-based methods to enhance software engineering.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure

Spherical-box approach for resonances in presence of Coulomb interaction

The spherical-box approach is extended to calculate the resonance parameters and the real part of the wave function for single particle resonances in a potential containing the long-range Coulomb interaction. A model potential is taken to demonstrate the ability and accuracy of this approach. The calculated resonance parameters are compared with available results from other methods. It is shown that in the presence of the Coulomb interaction, the spherical-box approach works well for not so broad resonances. In particular, for very narrow resonances, the present method gives resonance parameters in a very high precision.Comment: 10 pages, 5 EPS figures; to be published in J. Phys.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF PLATYCODIN D ON ALCOHOL-INDUCED FATTY LIVER RATS VIA TLR4-MYD88-NF-

Background: The current study was designed to evaluate the effect of PD, triterpenoid saponins extracted from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorumon on alcohol-induced fatty liver and investigate the possible mechanism of anti-inflammation and anti-endotoxin. Methods and Materials: A rat model was set up by feeding alcohol and fish oil to experimental animals, which then were treated with PD of 10, 20, 30 mg/kg body weight/day for 4 weeks, respectively. Whereafter, liver function enzymes, endotoxin of serum and liver lipid were assayed by biochemical methods, cytokines, histochemistry of hepatic tissue, the protein expression of CD14 and the TLR4, the mRNA expression of MD-2, MyD 88 and TRAF-6 were assayed. Results: Treatment with PD on ALF rats significantly decreased the levels of ALT, AST and TBIL, coefficient of liver index and the hepatic tissue contents of TG, additionally and dramatically ameliorated gut leakiness, decreased serum endotoxins levels, down-regulated MD-2 and CD14 levels, as well as the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88 and TRAF-6, accordingly suppressed NF

Biology and Behavior of Spathius agrili, a Parasitoid of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis, in China

Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and is a recently described species. Both pest and parasitoid are native to China. In Tianjin City, China, S. agrili typically exhibited 3–4 generations per year, overwintering as a prepupa in a cocoon inside the host gallery. The multiple generations of S. agrili overlapped with its host, as did the emergence dates of the overwintering generation. From a single host, 1–18 S. agrili successfully developed to the adult stage (average 8.4), but in all cases the host was killed. The sex ratio (female: male) of the parasitoid adults emerging from field-collected cocoons was 2:1, whereas the sex ratio of parasitoids reared from field collected eggs and larvae was greater than 3:1. On average, adult females lived 29.1 d, and males lived 23.6 d when fed with 20% honey solution, significantly longer than without a nutritional supplement. Sexual reproduction is the normal mode of reproduction, but in the laboratory females did reproduce parthenogenetically, producing only males. The average fecundity was 23.3 eggs per female in the laboratory. S. agrili developed through five larval instars, and the larvae fed gregariously on the host hemolymph. The generation time from egg to adult wasp was 27–28 d at 22–26°C. Natural parasitism rates were as high as 60%, and in October they reached over 90% in some stands. This study showed that S. agrili is a promising agent for biocontrol of A. planipennis

An overlooked nitrogen loss linked to anaerobic ammonium oxidation in estuarine sediments in China

Purpose Despite its importance, anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) in estuarine sediment systems remains poorly understood, particularly at the continental scale. This study aimed to understand the abundance, diversity, and activity of anammox bacteria and to determine the main factors influencing the anammox process in estuarine sediments in China. Materials and methods Estuarine sediments were collected from 18 estuaries spanning over 4000 km. Experiments using an 15N–tracer, quantitative PCR, and clone library construction were used to determine the activity, abundance, and diversity of anammox bacteria. The impact of environmental factors on anammox processes was also determined