La gestión del conocimiento y su contribución al control interno

El sistema de control interno en las organizaciones ha estado regido por una base normativa, a través de diferentes leyes, decretos y manuales. El sistema de control interno en Colombia ha tenido un amplio desarrollo el cual nos muestra la importancia del autocontrol, el cual se considera como el principal reto, acompañado de las diferentes herramientas tecnológicas de la auditoria basada en evaluaciones de riesgos y accesos a la información de control y auditoria, buscando garantizar la transparencia en el manejo de los diferentes recursos y la eficiencia en los procesos. Los diferentes procesos de innovación y globalización se caracterizan por sus constantes cambios, lo cual afecta el entorno empresarial, motivo por el cual las organizaciones deben adoptar e implementar modelos de gestión del conocimiento que permita enfrentar las realidades del día a día, generando valor y ventajas competitivas.Universidad Libre - Ciencias Administrativas y contables - Especialización auditoria de control interno y aseguramient

Cd38 deficiency ameliorates chronic graft versus Host disease murine lupus via a b-cell dependent mechanism

Trabajo presentado en el II Congreso investigación PTS, celebrado en Granada (España) del 09 al 11 de febrero de 2022.Absence of mouse cell surface receptor CD38 in Cd38-/- mice suggests that this receptor acts as positive regulator of inflammatory and autoimmune responses. Here we report that in the setting of a chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) lupus model induced by the transfer of B6.C-H2bm12/KhEg (bm12) spleen cells into co-isogenic Cd38-/- B6 mice causes milder lupus-like autoimmunity with lower levels of anti-ssDNA autoantibodies than the transfer of bm12 spleen cells into WT B6 mice. I In addition, significantly lower percentages of Tfh cells, as well as GC B cells, plasma cells and T-bet+CD11chi B cells are observed in Cd38-/- mice than in WT mice, while the expansion of Treg cells, and Tfr cells is normal, suggesting that the ability of Cd38-/- B cells to respond to allogeneic help from bm12 CD4+ T cells is greatly diminished. The frequencies of T-bet+CD11chi B cells, which are considered the precursors of the autoantibody secreting cells, correlate with anti-ssDNA autoantibody serum levels, with IL-27, and sCD40L. Proteomics profiling of spleens from WT cGVHD mice reflects a STAT1-driven type I IFN-signature, which is absent in Cd38-/- cGVHD mice. Kidney, spleen and liver inflammation was mild and resolved faster in Cd38-/- cGVHD mice than in WT cGVHD mice. We conclude that in B cells CD38 functions as a modulator receptor that controls autoimmune responses

Aprendiendo a educar para la salud a través del aprendizaje servicio. Compartir ideas, la universidad va al instituto

Se parte de un proyecto de aprendizaje servicio transversal de desarrollo de un ciclo de conferencias taller a estudiantes de secundaria realizadas por estudiantes de la UB. Por parte del grado en enfermería se proponen conferencias relacionadas con el cuidar y la educación para la salud. Los objetivos son compartir conocimientos entre estudiantes universitarios y de secundaria sobre temas de interés mutuo para su formación; adquirir habilidades en educación para la salud y trabajo en equipo

HLA class II alleles in patients with multiple sclerosis in the Biscay province (Basque Country, Spain)

Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with genes of the major histocompatibility complex, particularly with the HLA DRB1*1501-DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 haplotype in Caucasians. To investigate the association of DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 alleles and haplotypes with MS in Biscay, Basque Country, northern Spain, we examined 197 patients and 200 regionally matched controls. High resolution HLA class II typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction followed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization. Several alleles were overrepresented in MS patients compared with those of controls: DRB1*0402, DRB1*1303, DRB1*1501, DQA1*0102, DQB1*0301, and DQB1*0602. DQB1*0602 was the only potentially predisposing allele for MS that withstood Bonferroni correction and maintained the association in a logistic regression model. On the other hand, several alleles showed lower frequencies in the MS group: DRB1*0101, DQA1*0101, DQB1*0303, and DQB1*0501, but only DRB1*0101 and DQB1*0303 maintained a negative association with the disease in the regression analysis. Three haplotypes were identified as potentially predisposing for MS in our population: DRB1*1501-DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602, DRB1*0402-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302, and HLA-DRB1*013-DQA1*05-DQB1*0301. Additionally, three haplotypes associated with a lower risk for MS were identified, exhibiting DRB1*0101-DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501 the strongest negative association with MS [12% in controls vs. 3.8% in MS, Pc = 0.00047, OR = 0.290 (95%CI = 0.160–0.528)], and suggesting, therefore, a putative protective role for this haplotype in the population under study

IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 polymorphisms confer susceptibility to multiple sclerosis but not to interferon-beta treatment response.

We investigated the role of three polymorphisms in the IFNAR1 (SNPs 18417 and -408) and IFNAR2 (SNP 11876) genes in multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility and in the IFNβ treatment response in a group of 147 patients and 210 controls undergoing interferon therapy during the last 2 years. Only the 18417 and the 11876 SNPs showed an association with disease susceptibility (p = 0.001 and 0.035, respectively) although no differential genotype distribution were observed between interferon responders and non-responder MS patients. No alteration of the expression level of IFNAR-1 was observed with respect to the −408 genotypes or to interferon treatment response. These data suggest a role for the IFNAR pathway in susceptibility to MS

Kinetics and incidence of anti-natalizumab antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients on treatment for 18 months

Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody shown to be highly effective in the treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Patients treated with natalizumab can develop antibodies directed against this agent that may affect the efficacy and safety of the drug. In this observational study, the kinetics of the appearance and the incidence of anti-natalizumab antibodies were followed prospectively for 18 months in a cohort of 64 consecutive patients treated with natalizumab for relapsing MS. Blood samples were drawn immediately before starting natalizumab therapy and each month afterwards. The presence of antibodies against natalizumab was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all patients. Anti-natalizumab antibodies were detected in nine (14.1%) natalizumab-treated patients, three (4.68%) of whom were transiently positive while six (9.37%) were persistently positive (these patients discontinued natalizumab). All positive titres were observed during the first 4 months of treatment. One patient with a hypersensitivity reaction also had persistent antibodies. We conclude that antibodies against natalizumab develop early, within the first 6 months of therapy with natalizumab. Although no antibodies were detected after 4 months of therapy in this particular study, this does not rule out their development later on in exceptional cases

CD38 Deficiency Ameliorates Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Murine Lupus via a B-Cell-Dependent Mechanism

© 2021 Martínez-Blanco, Domínguez-Pantoja, Botía-Sánchez, Pérez-Cabrera, Bello-Iglesias, Carrillo-Rodríguez, Martin-Morales, Lario-Simón, Pérez-Sánchez-Cañete, Montosa-Hidalgo, Guerrero-Fernández, Longobardo-Polanco, Redondo-Sánchez, Cornet-Gomez, Torres-Sáez, Fernández-Ibáñez, Terrón-Camero, Andrés-León, O’Valle, Merino, Zubiaur and Sancho.The absence of the mouse cell surface receptor CD38 in Cd38−/− mice suggests that this receptor acts as a positive regulator of inflammatory and autoimmune responses. Here, we report that, in the context of the chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) lupus inducible model, the transfer of B6.C-H2bm12/KhEg(bm12) spleen cells into co-isogenic Cd38−/− B6 mice causes milder lupus-like autoimmunity with lower levels of anti-ssDNA autoantibodies than the transfer of bm12 spleen cells into WT B6 mice. In addition, significantly lower percentages of Tfh cells, as well as GC B cells, plasma cells, and T-bet+CD11chi B cells, were observed in Cd38−/− mice than in WT mice, while the expansion of Treg cells and Tfr cells was normal, suggesting that the ability of Cd38−/− B cells to respond to allogeneic help from bm12 CD4+ T cells is greatly diminished. The frequencies of T-bet+CD11chi B cells, which are considered the precursors of the autoantibody-secreting cells, correlate with anti-ssDNA autoantibody serum levels, IL-27, and sCD40L. Proteomics profiling of the spleens from WT cGVHD mice reflects a STAT1-driven type I IFN signature, which is absent in Cd38−/− cGVHD mice. Kidney, spleen, and liver inflammation was mild and resolved faster in Cd38−/− cGVHD mice than in WT cGVHD mice. We conclude that CD38 in B cells functions as a modulator receptor that controls autoimmune responses.S and MZ received financial support through “Proyecto del Plan Estatal”: SAF2017–89801-R. The IPBLN-CSIC Proteomics Unit belonged to ProteoRed-ISCIII (PRB2; PRB3) and was supported by grants PT13/0001/0011 (IPBLN-CSIC) and PT17/0019/0010 (CIB-CSIC; IPBLN-CSIC). RM: Project: SAF2017-82905-R. FO'V: Cátedra MIS IMPLANT-UGR. The stay of AC-G in Sancho’s lab was supported by a fellowship-contract JAE-Intro (CSIC). The stay of MD-P in Sancho’s lab was supported by a 1-year post-doctoral fellowship (Reference No. 502492) from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) of México. EA-L was recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship from the regional Andalusian Government

3-Deazaadenosine alleviates senescence to promote cellular fitness and cell therapy efficiency in mice

International audienc

Ecofisiología del cultivo de la gulupa (Passiflora edulis Sims)

Este libro muestra los resultados de la investigación realizada en gulupa (Passiflora edulis Sims), la cual es una de las especies incluidas en la apuesta exportadora de Colombia en la vigencia 2019. En Colombia se cultiva en los departamentos de Risaralda, Quindío, Cundinamarca y Boyacá, entre otros. La demanda por esta fruta se ha incrementado y el sector productivo frutícola colombiano se beneficia con los precios alcanzados en la ventana de exportación cuando no se provee de otras partes del mundo. Los resultados obtenidos han permitido fortalecer un paquete tecnológico con el fin de consolidar la oferta exportadora y de comercio nacional e internacional. El libro va dirigido tanto al sector productivo como a profesionales, técnicos, estudiantes universitarios o personas interesadas en el cultivo de la gulupa

Quantification of cyclin D1 and D2 proteins in multiple myeloma identifies different expression patterns from those revealed by gene expression profiling

Upregulation of a cyclin D gene determined by expression microarrays is an almost universal event in multiple myeloma (MM), but this finding has not been properly confirmed at the protein level. For this reason, we carried out a quantitative analysis of cyclin D proteins using a capillary electrophoresis nanoimmunoassay in newly diagnosed MM patients. Exclusive expression of cyclin D1 and D2 proteins was detected in 54 of 165 (33%) and 30 of 165 (18%) of the MM patients, respectively. Of note, cyclin D1 or D2 proteins were undetectable in 41% of the samples. High levels of cyclin D1 protein were strongly associated with the presence of t(11;14) or 11q gains. Cyclin D2 protein was detected in all the cases bearing t(14;16), but in only 24% of patients with t(4;14). The presence of cyclin D2 was associated with shorter overall survival (hazard ratio =2.14; P=0.017), although patients expressing cyclin D2 protein, but without 1q gains, had a favorable prognosis. In conclusion, although one of the cyclins D is overexpressed at the mRNA level in almost all MM patients, in approximately half of the patients this does not translate into detectable protein. This suggests that cyclins D could not play an oncogenic role in a proportion of patients with MM (clinicaltrials gov. identifier: NCT01916252).This study was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-financed by FEDER (PI16/01074 and PI19/00674); by the Asociación Española Contra el Cancer (AECC) (Proyectos Estratégicos: PROYE20047GUTI); and by the Gerencia Regional de Salud, Junta de Castilla y León grants (GRS1654/A/17, GRS1849/A/18, and GRS2058/A/19). IJCB was supported by a fellowship (contract PFIS-2020: FI20/00226) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (contract PFIS-2020: FI20/00226). CDR was supported by a fellowship from the AECC (CL-JUN18010DERA); EARR was supported by the Consejería de Educación de Castilla y León and FEDER funds.Peer reviewe