Futsal and the Social Culture: Integration of Practice of Futsal in the Programming of Physical Education and Sports in Tunisia

Abstract Physical education and sport are an integral part of education. Its major components in the education system are clearly defined. Objectives express an identity of integral education of the child. However, certain principles in the development of physical and sports education objectives allow the definition of the capabilities in the school environment and the effectiveness of teaching. In our research we have noticed that the number of participants in the course of physical education and sports decreases in remarkable ways. Indeed both researches have explained this phenomenon to psychological such as adolescence and physiological as obesity factors. While this phenomenon can be explained following the analysis of the direct interaction teaching and content of education. The objective of this study is to know the impact of the integration of new sport which is our investigation such as Futsal on the motivation of participants and the resolution of this problem

Repeated potassium iodide exposure during pregnancy impairs progeny’s brain development

International audienceProtracted radioiodine release may require repeated intake of potassium iodide (KI) to protect thyroid gland. It is well established that iodine excess inhibits transiently the thyroid function. As developing fetus depends on maternal thyroid hormones (TH) supply, more knowledge is needed about the plausible effects that repeated KI intake can cause in this sensitive population, especially that even subtle variation of maternal thyroid function may have persistent consequences on progeny brain processing. The aim of this study is to assess the consequences of repeated intake of KI during pregnancy on the progeny's thyroid function and brain development. To do so pregnant Wistar rats received KI over eight days, and then thirty days after the weaning, male progeny was subjected to behavior test. Pituitary and thyroid hormones level, anti-thyroid antibodies level, organs morphology, gene expression and global DNA methylation were assessed. Thirty days after the weaning, KI-exposed male progeny showed an uncommon hormonal status, characterized by a decrease of both thyroid-stimulating hormone (− 28%) and free thyroxine (− 7%) levels. Motor coordination was altered in KI-exposed male progeny. At the cerebellar level, we observed a decrease of mRNA expression of DCX (− 42%) and RC3 (− 85%); on the other hand, at the cortical level, mRNA expression of MBP (+ 71%), MOBP (+ 90%) and Kcna1 (+ 42%) was increased. To conclude, repeated KI prophylaxis is not adequate during pregnancy since it led to long-term irreversible neurotoxicity in the male progeny

Comprehensive laboratory and field testing of cavity ring-down spectroscopy analyzers measuring H₂O, CO₂, CH₄ and CO

International audienceTo develop an accurate measurement network of greenhouse gases, instruments in the field need to be stable and precise and thus require infrequent calibrations and a low consumption of consumables. For about 10 years, cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) analyzers have been available that meet these stringent requirements for precision and stability. Here, we present the results of tests of CRDS instruments in the laboratory (47 instruments) and in the field (15 instruments). The precision and stability of the measurements are studied. We demonstrate that, thanks to rigorous testing, newer models generally perform better than older models, especially in terms of reproducibility between instruments. In the field, we see the importance of individual diagnostics during the installation phase, and we show the value of calibration and target gases that assess the quality of the data. Finally, we formulate recommendations for use of these analyzers in the field

Management of distributed power in hybrid vehicles based on D.P. or Fuzzy Logic

International audienceThe application of optimization methods and algorithms to energy management is crucial when trying to find instantaneous compromises between various energy sources that can provide the power required by a powertrain. Because of the complexity of both the problem and the system structure, it is difficult to determine the optimal strategy in real time (on-line and using the onboard computer). This article tackles the problem of optimizing the power provided by various sources available to meet the power demand from the driver whilst minimizing the total hydrogen consumption during a journey. The real challenge is to find an energy management law applicable in real time on any power profile. This paper presents two new energy management methods: off-line “Dynamic Programming with Improved Constraints (DPIC)” and a real-time optimized decision-maker based on a two-levels optimized Fuzzy Logic (Fuzzy Switching of Fuzzy Rules—FSFR). DPIC produces better results than the classical discrete dynamic programming with state-of-the-art constraints, in terms of execution time and hydrogen consumption. FSFR is a real time energy management algorithm based on fuzzy rules learnt on specific profiles and real-time fuzzy switching of these fuzzy rules. Both methods are evaluated on different types of real world profiles (urban, road and highway profiles), to assess and confirm their effectiveness