Use of discrete choice to obtain urban freight evaluation data

The ex-ante evaluation of urban freight solutions is a complex task, due to the interference of different stakeholder groups with different views and objectives. The multi-actor multi-criteria methods have developed as a response to this scenario, but the determination of the weights required by them remains an unclear and controversial task. We propose the use of discrete choice methods as a powerful tool to confront these multi-faced evaluation problems, since the resulting surveys are flexible and easy to respond, and do not give away the final quantitative results. We have applied this methodology to the selection of urban freight solutions in the city of Seville, in Spain, followed by the determination of the relative weights associated to different objectives, both analyses carried out from the side of the carriers stakeholder group.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TEC2013-47286-C3-3-

Sexting entre adolescentes españoles: prevalencia y asociación con variables de personalidad

Antecedentes: el envío de contenidos sexuales (p.ej., fotos y vídeos) entre adolescentes a través de Internet y el teléfono móvil, o sexting, está recibiendo atención social creciente. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: 1) analizar la prevalencia y tendencias por sexo y por edad del sexting entre adolescentes; y 2) examinar el perfil de personalidad de los adolescentes que participan en sexting. Método: participaron 3.223 adolescentes españoles entre 12 y 17 años (49,9% mujeres; edad media = 14,06, DT = 1,37) que completaron de forma anónima y voluntaria autoinformes sobre sexting y sobre los cinco grandes factores de personalidad. Resultados: la prevalencia total del sexting fue del 13,5%. La prevalencia fue del 3,4% a los 12 años y ascendió al 36,1% a los 17, mostrando una tendencia lineal creciente y significativa. En general, no se encontraron diferencias entre varones y mujeres. El perfil de personalidad de quienes se implicaron en sexting se caracterizó por una mayor Extraversión y Neuroticismo y por menor Amabilidad y Responsabilidad. Conclusiones: más allá que adoptar una perspectiva basada en los peligros del sexting, se hace necesario un enfoque educativo que enfatice el uso responsable e informado de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicaciónBackground: Voluntarily sending sexual content (e.g., photos, videos) among adolescents via the Internet and mobile phones, a phenomenon called sexting, is receiving increasing social and research attention. The aims of this study were: 1) to analyze the prevalence and trends of sexting among adolescents by gender and age and 2) to examine the personality profile of adolescents that participated in sexting. Method: The sample consisted of 3,223 Spanish adolescents from 12 to 17 years of age (49.9% female; mean age = 14.06, SD = 1.37) who anonymously and voluntarily completed self-report questionnaires on sexting and the big five personality factors. Results: The overall prevalence of sexting was 13.5%. The prevalence was 3.4% at 12 years old and increased to 36.1% at 17 years of age, showing a growing and significant linear trend. Overall, no differences were found between males and females. The personality profile of those involved in sexting was characterized by higher Extraversion and Neuroticism and by lower scores in Conscientiousness and Agreeableness. Conclusions: Given its high prevalence, beyond adopting a perspective based on the dangers of sexting, an educational approach that emphasizes responsible and informed use of information and communication technologies is necessary.Fil: Gámez Guadix, Manuel. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: de Santisteban, Patricia. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; EspañaFil: Resett, Santiago Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos; Argentin

Dynamic approach to solve the daily drayage problem with travel time uncertainty

The intermodal transport chain can become more e cient by means of a good organization of drayage movements. Drayage in intermodal container terminals involves the pick up and delivery of containers at customer locations, and the main objective is normally the assignment of transportation tasks to the di erent vehicles, often with the presence of time windows. This scheduling has traditionally been done once a day and, under these conditions, any unexpected event could cause timetable delays. We propose to use the real-time knowledge about vehicle position to solve this problem, which permanently allows the planner to reassign tasks in case the problem conditions change. This exact knowledge of the position of the vehicles is possible using a geographic positioning system by satellite (GPS, Galileo, Glonass), and the results show that this additional data can be used to dynamically improve the solution

Child-to-parent violence and its association with exposure to marital violence and parent-to-child violence

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: a) analizar la relación entre la exposición a diferentes tipos de violencia en la familia (agresión entre los padres y agresión de padres a hijos) y la perpetración de conductas de violencia filioparental (VFP); b) examinar las posibles diferencias en función del sexo de los hijos en las relaciones especificadas. Para ello, se empleó una muestra de 1.681 universitarios (74,7% mujeres) que informaron sobre su exposición a diferentes experiencias de violencia intrafamiliar durante su infancia. Cada tipo de violencia, psicológica y física, fue analizada por separado. Los resultados mostraron que tanto la exposición a la agresión psicológica entre los padres como la agresión psicológica de padres a hijos se asociaron con una mayor frecuencia de VFP psicológica. Por otra parte, la agresión psicológica y física de padres a hijos, así como la exposición a la agresión física entre los padres se relacionaron con una mayor VFP física. No se encontraron diferencias por sexos en las relaciones entre las variables, lo cual sugiere que la relación entre la exposición a la violencia intrafamiliar y la VFP es similar para varones y mujeresThe aims of this study were: (a) to examine the relationships between the exposure to different types of family violence (intraparental violence and parent-to-child aggression) and the perpetration of child-to-parent violence (CPV); (b) to analyze sex differences in the relationships specified. The sample comprised 1681 Spanish university students who reported the exposure to different types of family violence during their childhood. Both psychological and physical family violence were analyzed separately. Results showed that both witnessing marital psychological violence and parent-to-child psychological aggression are related to CPV. Furthermore, psychological and physical parent-to-child aggression as well as witnessing physical aggression between parents was associated with physical CPV. Multigroup analyses showed that the relationships among variables were not signifi cantly different as a function of sex. This fi nding suggests that the relation between exposure to family violence and CPV is similar for men and womenEsta investigación fue fi nanciada por un proyecto del Gobierno Vasco, Referencia PI2011-4

Creencias justificadoras de la violencia, mitos sobre el amor y abuso online en el noviazgo

Distorted beliefs about violence and love are often associated with the presence of violence in dating relationships. This study analyzes the relationship between beliefs that justify violence and myths about love in two types of cyber dating abuse (control and direct aggression). Method: The sample consisted of 656 young people between the ages of 18 and 30 years (79.5% women). Results: Regression analysis showed that justifi cation of cyber dating abuse was signifi cantly associated with a higher likelihood of direct aggression in online dating relationships. Myths about love were associated with a greater likelihood of control in online dating relationships. Furthermore, the relationship between justifi cation of cyber dating abuse and perpetration of direct aggression was stronger in women. The relationship between myths about love and perpetration of online control was stronger among the youngest individuals. Conclusion: The justifi cation of abuse and myths about love are important aspects in the development of different kinds of online abuse among young couples. This finding has important implications for the prevention of and intervention in these behaviorsLas creencias distorsionadas sobre la violencia y el amor se han relacionado con la presencia de violencia en las relaciones de pareja. El presente estudio analiza la relación de las creencias que justifican la violencia y los mitos del amor en dos formas de abuso online en el noviazgo (control y agresión directa). Método: la muestra estuvo compuesta por 656 jóvenes de entre 18 y 30 años (79.5% mujeres). Resultados: los análisis de regresión pusieron de manifiesto que la justificación del abuso online se asoció significativamente a una mayor probabilidad de perpetración de agresión directa online en relaciones de noviazgo. Los mitos del amor, por su parte, se relacionaron con una mayor probabilidad de perpetración de control online. Además, la relación entre la justificación del abuso online y la perpetración de agresión directa fue más fuerte entre las mujeres. Por su parte, la relación entre los mitos sobre el amor y la perpetración de control fue más fuerte entre los más jóvenes. Conclusión: la justificación del abuso y los mitos del amor se presentan como aspectos importantes en la aparición de formas de abuso online en parejas. Esto tiene importantes implicaciones para la prevención e intervención sobre estos comportamientosThis research was supported by a DEusto unversity Training Grant (University of Deusto, Bilbao) and Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spanish Government) grant PSI2012-3155

A developmental model for the pathogenenesis of cardiac arterio-ventricular fistulae

Coronary Artery Fistulae (CAF) are congenital coronary artery (CA) anomalies consisting of an abnormal communication of a coronary artery with either a cardiac chamber or a large cardiac vessel. Although their incidence in the Western population is low, CAF can lead to complications such as myocardial hypertrophy, endocarditis, heart dilatation and cardiac failure. CAFs can appear as an isolated anomaly or linked to some other forms of congenital heart disease like Left Ventricular Non-Compaction (LVNC) and intrinsic CA anatomy anomalies, but their etiology remains unknown. In this work we have used two different experimental models (transgenic mice and avian embryos) to investigate on the developmental mechanics of CAF formation. In order to tackle this goal, we have manipulated epicardial development and ventricular wall compaction, two inextricably related developmental events during coronary embryogenesis. Conditional integrin α4 gene deletion in the septum transversum/proepicardial (ST/PE) region (G2-Gata4+) disrupts early epicardium development and reduces cardiomyocyte proliferation, leading to the thinning of the ventricular compact myocardial layer. Reduction in compact myocardium thickness associates to the presence of multiple ventricular myocardial discontinuities and focal endocardial extrusion. This same phenotype can be experimentally reproduced in chick embryos using a cryocauterization method (Palmquist-Gomes et al., 2016). Our results suggest that the partial absence of epicardium in α4integrin;G2-Gata4Cre mouse embryos and the cryoinjury in avian embryos generate myocardial discontinuities in the embryonic ventricular wall, which promote endocardial extrusion towards the pericardial cavity and the early contact of the endocardium with coronary progenitors at the epicardial surface of the heart. In the case of avian embryos, this phenomenon leads to precocious smooth muscle differentiation from epicardial mesenchymal cells, and the formation of pouch-like structures that closely resemble CAF. We conclude that anomalous compact myocardial embryonic growth can originate CAF.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Internet parental rules and communication and Internet addiction among adolescents: a longitudinal cross-informant study

El objetivo de este estudio consistió en analizar la relación entre las normas y la comunicación sobre Internet que utilizan los padres y la Adicción a Internet de los hijos. Para ello, se empleó un diseño longitudinal en dos tiempos, con un intervalo temporal de 6 meses. La muestra del estudio incluyó 678 padres (396 madres y 282 padres) y sus 411 hijos adolescentes (56,5 % mujeres; M edad = 14,06). Los padres respondieron a las medidas de autoinforme sobre normas y comunicación relacionadas con Internet en el tiempo 1, y los hijos respondieron a la medida de adicción a Internet en los tiempos 1 y 2. Los resultados mostraron que el establecimiento de normas sobre Internet, tanto de las madres como de los padres, predijeron una menor adicción a Internet de los hijos seis meses más tarde. Sin embargo, la comunicación entre padres e hijos en el tiempo 1 sobre Internet no predijo la Adicción a Internet de los adolescentes en el tiempo 2. Los análisis multigrupo mostraron que no había diferencias en los resultados obtenidos en función del sexo de los adolescentes. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados para el desarrollo de programas de prevención, así como las limitaciones del estudio.The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between rules and communication on the Internet that parents use and Internet addiction of adolescents. For this purpose we used a longitudinal design in two waves with a time interval of 6 months. The study sample included 678 parents (396 mothers and 282 fathers) and 411 teenagers (56.5 % women, M age = 14.06). Parents responded to self-report measures of Internet-specific parental rules and communication at Time 1 and children responded to the measure of Internet addiction at time 1 and time 2. The results showed that setting rules on Internet of both mothers and parents predicted less Internet addiction of adolescents six months later. However, communication on Internet between parents and children at time 1 did not predict Internet addiction of adolescents at time 2. Multigroup analyzes showed no differences in results as a function of adolescent sex. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings to develop prevention programs, and the limitations of the study

Risky online behaviors among adolescents: Longitudinal relations among problematic Internet use, cyberbullying perpetration, and meeting strangers online

Background and aims This study aims to analyze the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between three major risky online behaviors during adolescence: problematic Internet use, cyberbullying perpetration, and meeting strangers online. An additional objective was to study the role of impulsivity–irresponsibility as a possible explanatory variable of the relationships between these risky online behaviors. Methods The study sample was 888 adolescents that completed self-report measures at time 1 and time 2 with an interval of 6 months. Results The findings showed a significant cross-sectional relationship between the risky online behaviors analyzed. At the longitudinal level, problematic Internet use at time 1 predicted an increase in the perpetration of cyberbullying and meeting strangers online at time 2. Furthermore, meeting strangers online increased the likelihood of cyberbullying perpetration at time 2. Finally, when impulsivity–irresponsibility was included in the model as an explanatory variable, the relationships previously found remained significant. Discussion These results extend traditional problem behavior theory during adolescence, also supporting a relationship between different risky behaviors in cyberspace. In addition, findings highlighted the role of problematic Internet use, which increased the chances of developing cyberbullying perpetration and meeting strangers online over time. However, the results suggest a limited role of impulsivity–irresponsibility as an explicative mechanism. Conclusions The findings suggest that various online risk activities ought to be addressed together when planning assessment, prevention and intervention efforts