Антагонистическая активность споровых пробиотиков и влияние на лекарственную чувствительность микобактерий туберкулеза

Studies on antagonistic activity of three bacterial spore former probiotics in respect to mycobacteria species were conducted. The influence of spore probiotics on a susceptibility to antibiotics were examinated. Сell suspensions or sterile filtrates of bacilli were put on the medium of Levenstein-Yjensen, on which the indicator strains were seeded.Пробиотики Споробактерин и Бактисубтил обладают антагонистической активностью в отношении клинических штаммов микобактерий туберкулеза. Степень антагонистической активности, или индекс блокирования роста, зависит от типа пробитика и исследуемого клинического изолята. Из 20 штаммов лекарственно-устойчивых микобактерий, подвергшихся действию споровых пробиотиков in vitro, у 16 восстановилась чувствительность к 1, 2, 3, 4 или к 5 лекарственным препаратам

Coherent Photoproduction of eta-mesons on Three-Nucleon Systems

A microscopic few-body description of near-threshold coherent photoproduction of the eta-meson on tritium and He3 targets is given. The photoproduction cross-section is calculated using the Finite Rank Approximation (FRA) of the nuclear Hamiltonian. The results indicate a strong final state interaction of the eta-meson with the residual nucleus. Sensitivity of the results to the choice of the eta-N T-matrix is investigated. The importance of obeying the two-body unitarity condition in the eta-N system is demonstrated.Comment: 17 pages, RevTeX, 5 eps-figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Incoherent Photoproduction of η\eta-mesons from the Deuteron near Threshold

Incoherent photoproduction of the $\eta$-meson on the deuteron is studied for photon energies from threshold to 800 MeV. The dominant contribution, the $\gamma$N-$\eta$N amplitude, is described within an isobar model. The final state interaction derived from the CD-Bonn potential is included and found to be important for the description of the production cross section close to threshold. Possible effects from the $\eta N$ final state interaction are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, revtex, including 6 figure

Photoproduction of mesons off nuclei

Recent results for the photoproduction of mesons off nuclei are reviewed. These experiments have been performed for two major lines of research related to the properties of the strong interaction. The investigation of nucleon resonances requires light nuclei as targets for the extraction of the isospin composition of the electromagnetic excitations. This is done with quasi-free meson photoproduction off the bound neutron and supplemented with the measurement of coherent photoproduction reactions, serving as spin and/or isospin filters. Furthermore, photoproduction from light and heavy nuclei is a very efficient tool for the study of the interactions of mesons with nuclear matter and the in-medium properties of hadrons. Experiments are currently rapidly developing due to the combination of high quality tagged (and polarized) photon beams with state-of-the-art 4pi detectors and polarized targets

Two flares with one shock: the interesting case of 3C 454.3

The quasar 3C 454.3 is a blazar known for its rapid and violent outbursts seen across the electromagnetic spectrum. Using γ-ray, X-ray, multiband optical, and very-long-baseline interferometric data we investigate the nature of two such events that occurred in 2013 and 2014 accompanied by strong variations in optical polarization, including a ~230° electric vector position angle (EVPA) rotation. Our results suggest that a single disturbance was responsible for both flaring events. We interpret the disturbance as a shock propagating down the jet. Under this interpretation the 2013 flare originated most likely due to changes in the viewing angle caused by perhaps a bent or helical trajectory of the shock upstream of the radio core. The 2014 flare and optical polarization behavior are the result of the shock exiting the 43 GHz radio core, suggesting that shock crossings are one of the possible mechanisms for EVPA rotations.Accepted manuscrip

The COVID-19 Experience: Features of Culture and Belonging in the Context of Peoples Native to a Country and Migrants

Background. COVID-19 has revealed the diversity of cultural characteristics and mentalities of different countries: every people living through the pandemic interprets the means of overcoming the crisis in their own way, in accordance with their historical experience and cultural traditions. Objective. The purpose of this study (April 2 — May 2, 2020) was to identify the influence of cultural factors and the context of residence (living in their own country or in another culture as a migrant) on how people perceive and experience a pandemic. Design. The study involved 605 people: 402 Russian-speaking respondents (221 migrants living outside their countries) and 203 representatives of other cultures (165 Spaniards and 38 migrants from different countries). The main research method was a survey using a specially prepared questionnaire (in four languages — Spanish, English, German, and Russian). Results. Cultural factors had a strong inluence on how a people experienced a pandemic. Respondents from European and other cultures (non Russian speakers) were very intolerant of dissent in the fight against the pandemic; showed an increase in patriotism; and demonstrated increased readiness for an operational response to the situation through a change of activity. Russian-speaking respondents showed great loyalty to dif erent positions and dif erent behaviors during pandemic situation; expressed the desire to wait out the pandemic and quickly return to their usual way of life; their main preventive measure was self-isolation, which was considered an opportunity for the development of something new. The perception of a pandemic by migrants differed from its perception by the native population. Conclusion. Common to all representatives of the international sample were the ideas of necessary international cooperation and universal responsibility to overcome the pandemic. But the cultural factors and having a migrants status had a strong influence on the perception and experience of the pandemic, which depends on the mentality and historical experience in different countries. © 2020. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian Psychological Society

The problem of the conceptualization of context in modern psychology

Modern psychology is characterised by its interest to a topic of context, based on a growing influence of changing reality’s factors. In connection with this, the actual task is a conceptualisation of a context as a differentiation of basic units of its description. Modern psychology proceeds from multidimensionality of human existence world. The article describes situational, vital and existential contexts presented in different fields of psychology. The situational context has the oldest traditions of its description in psychology, related to search of explanatory models of relations between situational and personal determinants in human behaviour. In the situational level studies, a reality is reduced to a specific situation, a concept of situation is a basic one, describing an interaction of a person with an outside world. Descriptions of life context in psychology are represented by two areas — descriptions of a world of person’s everyday life and his/her way of life; respectively the concepts of social situation and life space of person are proposed to be considered as the units of analysis. The existential context being irreducible in Russian psychology to person’s life way and his/her everyday life, is a subject of attention in psychology of human existence and existential psychology. The concept of life-world can be a unit of existential level description