1,213 research outputs found
Economic and Social-Class Voting in a Model of Redistribution with Social Concerns
We investigate how social status concerns may affect voters' preferences for redistribution. Social status is given by a voter's relative standing in two dimensions: consumption and social class. By affecting the distribution of consumption levels, redistribution modifies the weights attached to the two dimensions. Thus, redistribution not only transfers resources from the rich to the poor, but it also amplifies or reduces the importance of social class differences. Social status concerns can simultaneously lead some members of the working class to oppose redistribution and some members of the socioeconomic elites to favor it. They also give rise to interclass coalitions of voters that, despite having different monetary interests, support the same tax rate. We characterize these coalitions and discuss the resulting political equilibrium
A Model of Educational Investment, Social Concerns, and Inequality
none2noWe consider a model in which educational investments entail productivity gains, signaling power, and social status. The latter depends on the agent's relative achievement in one of three dimensions: innate skills, level of schooling, and income. We study the three scenarios separately and characterize the conditions under which social concerns increase or decrease educational and income inequality. Inequality increases (decreases) if education lowers the stigma suffered by low-skilled workers less (more) than it boosts the prestige enjoyed by high-skilled workers. We discuss the expected results of some policies in light of these findings.mixedGallice A.; Grillo E.Gallice, A.; Grillo, E
Actualización cartográfica de la parte Este de la hoja topográfica de ciudad sandino. (Hoja Nº. 2957-II. Nueva Segovia Escala 1:50 000
El área de estudio se ubica geográficamente en el departamento de Nueva Segovia, al Norte del país y abarca una gran parte de los municipios de El Jícaro, Murra y una pequeña porción Sur del municipio de Jalapa.Litológicamente el área de estudio está constituida por un basamento de rocas metamórficas foliadas (esquistos) de edades leocénicas intruidas por un cuerpo plutónico granítico en el sector Noroeste del área, interpretado como un apófisis del Batolito de Dipilto - Jalapa.Las rocas metamórficas están definidas por esquistos micáceos de bajo grado metamórfico y esquistos grafíticos, estas sub-unidades se caracterizan por presentar estructura foliada debido a la presencia de minerales planares (sericita, biotita, grafito, clorita) como minerales esenciales de este tipo de rocas, otorgándole condiciones para deformaciones plásticas (pliegues) muy comunes.Estructuralmente, el área se encuentra controlada por esfuerzos regionales procedentes de los cuerpos plutónicos locales al Noroeste del área de estudio, que con su mecanismo de intrusión generan esfuerzos de extensión y compresión que deforman las rocas existentes, dando lugar a fallamiento y plegamiento tanto regionales como locales.
El análisis e interpretación de los datos permitió definir eventos tectónicos locales, los que se definieron en dos fases de fallamiento, uno con dirección Noreste-Suroeste y otro perpendicular Noroeste-Sureste, siendo este último el sistema de fallas más joven ya que corta y desplaza fallas con direcciones Noreste-Suroeste en algunas zonas
Human papillomavirus vaccination coverage among adolescents living in southern Italy
Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate HPV vaccination coverage in the target population residing in Sicily, five years after launch of the vaccination campaign, and to analyze its organization in this region. Methods: Regional data as at 31 December 2013, grouped by province, issued by the Regional Health Authority were used. The organization and information materials of the campaign were also assessed (letters, posters, brochures, etc.). Results: The results for Sicily show uptake rates for three doses of HPV vaccination of 56.5%, 55.8%, 58.2%, 55.3% for cohorts born in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 respectively, and 56.4% for cohorts born in 1996. These figures highlight the problems encountered during the promotion campaign and vaccination provision. Conclusions: Vaccine uptake in Sicily was lower than national figures for Italy as a whole for all cohorts and both fall far short of the targets set by the National Immunization Prevention Plan 2012-2014. In order to promote vaccination uptake and improve coverage, at both regional and local level, the quality of information should be improved and more communication campaigns be instigated to increase the involvement of professionals
Single-Pixel Imaging in Space and Time with Optically-Modulated Free Electrons
Single-pixel imaging, originally developed in light optics, facilitates fast
three-dimensional sample reconstruction, as well as probing with light
wavelengths undetectable by conventional multi-pixel detectors. However, the
spatial resolution of optics-based single-pixel microscopy is limited by
diffraction to hundreds of nanometers. Here, we propose an implementation of
single-pixel imaging relying on attainable modifications of currently available
ultrafast electron microscopes in which optically-modulated electrons are used
instead of photons to achieve sub-nanometer spatially- and temporally-resolved
single-pixel imaging. We simulate electron beam profiles generated by
interaction with the optical field produced by an externally programable
spatial light modulator and demonstrate the feasibility of the method by
showing that the sample image and its temporal evolution can be reconstructed
using realistic imperfect illumination patterns. Electron single-pixel imaging
holds strong potential for application in low-dose probing of beam-sensitive
biological and molecular samples, including rapid screening during in-situ
experiments.Comment: 25 pages, 4 figures, 3 supplementary figure
Feedback-Controlled Active Brownian Colloids with Space-Dependent Rotational Dynamics
The non-thermal nature of self-propelling colloids offers new insights into
non-equilibrium physics. The central mathematical model to describe their
trajectories is active Brownian motion, where a particle moves with a constant
speed, while randomly changing direction due to rotational diffusion. While
several feedback strategies exist to achieve position-dependent velocity, the
possibility of spatial and temporal control over rotational diffusion, which is
inherently dictated by thermal fluctuations, remains untapped. Here, we
decouple rotational diffusion from thermal noise. Using external magnetic
fields and discrete-time feedback loops, we tune the rotational diffusivity of
active colloids above and below its thermal value at will and explore a rich
range of phenomena including anomalous diffusion, directed transport, and
localization. These findings add a new dimension to the control of active
matter, with implications for a broad range of disciplines, from optimal
transport to smart materials
Considerazioni psicopatologiche, sociali e giuridiche sul mobbing: un’esperienza clinica nell’ospedale generale
Object. The authors intend to estimate in depth the following questions:1) To define mobbing and how to detect its characteristics, considering the psychopathological questions and the legal medical implications.2) To try to analize psychological factors, individual and organisational, that contribute to the onset of mobbing.3) To present the results of clinical experience, developed by the collaboration established with the Working Medicine Section of S. Martino Hospital in Genoa. Methods. 237 persons reporting to be victims of a mobbing situation have undergone a psychodiagnostic interview and a clinical psychological assessment with mental tests (WAIS, short MMPI, Rorschach). The compilation of specific questionnaires has been proposed to detect the characteristics of mobbing situation and the sequential subjective symptoms reported by the patients.Results. In 75% of cases, patients presented a negative anamnesis for psychiatric disorders. They had enough items to be included in the Adjustment Disorder (in its different subdivisions).Conclusions. In the majority of cases, psychiatric symptoms reported by job distress victims were strictly related to the mobbing experience, that causes such a trend of stressing and painful events that constitute a significant risk for the psycho-physical integrity of a person, independent of previous factors. This result have induced the Authors to analize in depth some of the legal questions about the detection of mobbing and the contingent compensation of undergone damages.Gli Autori si propongono di:1) Definire il mobbing ed individuare le caratteristiche del fenomeno, tenendo presenti le problematiche psicopatologiche e le implicazioni medico-legali;2) Analizzare i fattori psicologici, individuali ed organizzativi, che contribuiscono all'insorgenza del mobbing;3) Presentare i risultati di un’esperienza clinica nata dalla collaborazione tra la Clinica Psichiatrica e l’U.O. di Medicina del Lavoro dell’Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino di Genova.Metodo. 237 persone che riferivano una situazione di mobbing a loro danno sono state sottoposte a colloquio psicodiagnostico e a valutazione psicologica clinica mediante reattivi mentali (WAIS, MMPI abbreviato, Rorschach). È stata inoltre proposta la compilazione di specifici questionari per rilevare le caratteristiche della situazione mobbizzante e i conseguenti sintomi soggettivi lamentati dai pazienti.Risultati. Nel 75% dei casi i pazienti hanno presentato anamnesi negativa per disturbi di interesse psichiatrico, rispondendo invece ai criteri del DSM-IV-TR per il Disturbo dell'Adattamento (nelle sue varie sottospecie).Conclusioni. Nella gran maggioranza dei casi, i sintomi psichici lamentati dalle vittime di disadattamento lavorativo risultano in stretta connessione con l’esperienza mobbizzante, che innesca una serie di eventi stressanti e dolorosi tali da costituire un rischio significativo per l'integrità psico-fisica della persona, indipendentemente da variabili preesistenti. Questo riscontro ha spinto gli Autori ad approfondire alcune problematiche medico-legali inerenti il riconoscimento del mobbing e l'eventuale risarcibilità dei danni subiti
Safety and Efficacy of Surgery for Metastatic Tumor to the Pancreas: A Single-Center Experience
Pancreatic metastases from other neoplasms are rare. The role of surgery for this clinical entity is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of resection in patients with pancreatic secondary lesions. We observed 44 patients with pancreatic metastases from other tumors. Renal cell carcinoma was the most common primary tumor (n = 19, 43.2%). Thirty-seven patients underwent surgery, and pancreatic resection with curative intent was feasible in 35 cases. Fifteen patients (43.2%) experienced major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo > 2), and postoperative mortality rate was 5.4%. The median overall survival and disease-free survival were 38 (range 0–186) and 11 (range 0–186) months, respectively. Overall survival and disease-free survival were significantly longer for pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma when compared to other primary tumors. Multivariate analysis confirmed a pathological diagnosis of metastasis from RCC as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OR 2.48; 95% CI, 1.00–6.14; p = 0.05). In conclusion, radical resection of metastases to the pancreas is feasible and safe, and may confer a survival benefit for selected patients. There is a clear benefit of metastasectomy in terms of patient survival for metastases from renal cell carcinoma, while for those with other primary tumors, surgery seems to be mainly palliative
Autonomous Driving Scenario Generation in Overtake Manoeuvres Through Data Fusion
For an effective study of specific driving scenarios, in particular related to overtaking manoeuvres, developing well-thought-out manoeuvre databases from the acquired data will greatly improve the analysis process. The key point being that identifying clearly the studied scenario and clustering the manoeuvres based on specific sub-cases of this will bring an extra dimension of information that allows to visualise existing correlations between a given set of conditions and the manoeuvres performed under them. This paper expands on how to obtain these databases starting from only from overtaken manoeuvres extracted from experimental data. Consisting in two main procedures, the manoeuvre classification itself, in which a hybrid-classifier that combines both supervised and unsupervised algorithms generates the scenario sub-cases, and the database compilation stage, in where it displays the different types of databases that can be created, based on the aim of the study
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