THE PERCEPTION AND ROLE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE

The article is focused on the analyses of the issues that the global society faces – hunger, unemployment, ethnic minority inclusion, improvement of labor conditions, the need for highly skilled labor force, illiteracy, drugs and alcohol abuse, crime or poverty, etc. – and which require considerable attention, responsible actions and more concern and involvement from the main economic players on international, regional and national levels. That means the business sector might be the missing link in this challenging puzzle. A series of concepts such as: corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, corporate citizenship, corporate community involvement, promotes and stimulates the contribution of the business sector at the community level in order to solve problems and improve the life of the community. Corporate social responsibility is to be seen as an important feature of the new economy and needs a special attention in order to be efficiently developed and applied in Central and Eastern Europe by private companies, often multinationals that are expanding their operations in order to be consistent with their own best strategic interests.corporate social responsibility, Central and Eastern Europe, social issues

Mathematical onsets concerning the determination of the optimum limit of the profitability on enterprises

Our paper presents an original method named The Optimum Limit of the Profitability (O.L.P.), for the characterization of the optimum physical output for one enterprise. On our research paper for the definition of this concept we have started with the exploration of the mathematical models which can mark out the correlation between the components of The Optimum Limit of the Profitability. Then we have pursued the maximization of the acquired incomes, in special given conditions, given by the value of the optimum sales, concurrent with the minimization of the expenditures afferent them. After some analysis and simulations we conclude that the mathematical models offered by the linear analysis would answer at all requirements of our research. The determination of The Optimum Limit of the Profitability by the linear programming method suppose the prosecution of the budget of the entire activity for one year divided in less periods of time (trimester divided in months ). Then, we present the steps succeeded for the elicitation of the The Optimum Limit of the Profitability using the mathematical models offered by the linear programming and the usefulness of this for the output of enterprise.output, incomes, costs, profitability, limit of the profitability, The Optimum Limit of the Profitability

Combination therapy in cholesterol reduction: focus on ezetimibe and statins

Although widely used in lipid lowering therapy, HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (even when administered at high doses) are frequently insufficient to achieve guideline-recommended LDL-C goals for many patients with hypercholesterolemia in everyday clinical practice. Many patients do not achieve LDL-C goal on the initial dose of statin and the majority of these patients does not reach their goal after 6 months. As a consequence, a wide therapeutic gap exists between target LDL-C levels and those typically achieved in clinical practice. A recent and more effective therapeutic hypocholesterolemic strategy is to treat the two main sources of cholesterol simultaneously (production of cholesterol, mainly in the liver, and absorption of cholesterol in the intestine) with a complementary mechanism of action, by co-administering ezetimibe, a novel agent inhibiting cholesterol absorption, with a statin, which inhibits cholesterol production in the liver. Ezetimibe can be effectively and safely co-administered with any dose of any statin and, compared with the single inhibition of cholesterol production, afforded by statins alone, provides consistently greater reductions in LDL-C through dual inhibition of both cholesterol production and absorption. We summarize the pivotal role of both the liver and intestine in the overall balance of cholesterol in the body and describe the clinical impact and relevance of using ezetimibe either alone or co-administered with statins in controlling elevated levels of plasma LDL cholesterol

Mathematical onsets concerning the determination of the optimum limit of the profitability on enterprises

Our paper presents an original method named The Optimum Limit of the Profitability (O.L.P.), for the characterization of the optimum physical output for one enterprise. On our research paper for the definition of this concept we have started with the exploration of the mathematical models which can mark out the correlation between the components of The Optimum Limit of the Profitability. Then we have pursued the maximization of the acquired incomes, in special given conditions, given by the value of the optimum sales, concurrent with the minimization of the expenditures afferent them. After some analysis and simulations we conclude that the mathematical models offered by the linear analysis would answer at all requirements of our research. The determination of The Optimum Limit of the Profitability by the linear programming method suppose the prosecution of the budget of the entire activity for one year divided in less periods of time (trimester divided in months ). Then, we present the steps succeeded for the elicitation of the The Optimum Limit of the Profitability using the mathematical models offered by the linear programming and the usefulness of this for the output of enterprise

Mathematical onsets concerning the determination of the optimum limit of the profitability on enterprises

Our paper presents an original method named The Optimum Limit of the Profitability (O.L.P.), for the characterization of the optimum physical output for one enterprise. On our research paper for the definition of this concept we have started with the exploration of the mathematical models which can mark out the correlation between the components of The Optimum Limit of the Profitability. Then we have pursued the maximization of the acquired incomes, in special given conditions, given by the value of the optimum sales, concurrent with the minimization of the expenditures afferent them. After some analysis and simulations we conclude that the mathematical models offered by the linear analysis would answer at all requirements of our research. The determination of The Optimum Limit of the Profitability by the linear programming method suppose the prosecution of the budget of the entire activity for one year divided in less periods of time (trimester divided in months ). Then, we present the steps succeeded for the elicitation of the The Optimum Limit of the Profitability using the mathematical models offered by the linear programming and the usefulness of this for the output of enterprise

Considerations Regarding the Research for the Conservation of Heritage Textiles in Romania

Textiles are valuable elements that make up Romania’s cultural heritage, being unique through the production techniques, materials used and their significance for the Romanian population. Heritage textiles represent bridges between past and present, kept in collections from different types of buildings. Many of them are preserved and exposed in heritage buildings that are open for public viewing and do not benefit from internal microclimate monitoring systems. These things can have serious repercussions on the integrity and conservation status of these fragile materials. The chapter proposes to analyze the approaches used in different studies to evaluate the risks to which the historical textile collections from Romania are exposed, depending on the place and the way in which they are kept. All these approaches aim to determine the degree of conservation of the materials and their implications on the health of the people with whom they come into contact. Based on the methodology applied in the studies already published, examined in the first part of the chapter, in the second part, a case study was performed on a different sample of historical textiles from Romania. This comes to complete the sphere of knowledge in the field

Orbital complications of acute rhinosinusitis

Introduction. Rhinosinusitis is the infection and inflammation of at least one of the 4 paranasal sinuses (frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid). Their correct diagnosis is generally determined by examining the patient clinically and by rhinosinusal endoscopic examination. There are also cases that show complications or continued evolution despite the correct treatment, and then we will use some imaging investigations to find out more about affection(radiography of anterior sinuses of the face, sinus computerized tomography, sinus magnetic resonance imaging). In particular, acute rhinosinusitis should be carefully managed to avoid complications such as the local ones: orbital cellulitis, orbital abscess, osteomyelitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis; and intracranial complications: meningitis, epidural abscess, subdural abscess, cerebral abscess.Materials and methods. There will be presented all orbital complications according to the cases treated in the ENT Clinic of the Coltea Clinical Hospital.Conclusions. Diagnosis of rhinosinusitis is largely clinical and endoscopic.When complications of the condition arise, these should be investigated imagistically to determine their exact extent and to institute the correct treatment as soon as possible. The complications of rhinosinusitis are medical and surgical life-threatening emergencies, which is why in order to diagnose and correct and quickly institute therapy requires a multidisciplinary approach

Migration, Mobility and Human Rights at the Eastern Border of the European Union - Space of Freedom and Security

This edited collection of migration papers would like to emphasise the acute need for migration related study and research in Romania. At this time, migration and mobility are studied as minor subjects in Economics, Sociology, Political Sciences and European Studies only (mostly at post-graduate level). We consider that Romanian universities need more ‘migration studies’, while research should cover migration as a whole, migration and mobility being analysed from different points of view – social, economical, legal etc. Romania is part of the European Migration Space not only as a source of labourers for the European labour market, but also as source of quality research for the European scientific arena. Even a country located at the eastern border of the European Union, we consider Romania as part of the European area of freedom, security and justice, and therefore interested in solving correctly all challenges incurred by the complex phenomena of migration and workers’ mobility at the European level. The waves of illegal immigrants arriving continuously on the Spanish, Italian and Maltese shores, and the workers’ flows from the new Member States from Central and Eastern Europe following the 2004 accession, forced the EU officials and the whole Europe to open the debate on the economical and mostly social consequences of labour mobility. This study volume is our contribution to this important scientific debate. Starting with the spring of 2005, the Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence and the School of High Comparative European Studies (SISEC), both within the West University of Timisoara, have proposed a series of events in order to raise the awareness of the Romanian scientific environment on this very sensitive issues: migration and mobility in the widen European Space. An annual international event to celebrate 9 May - The Europe Day was already a tradition for SISEC (an academic formula launched back in 1995 in order to prepare national experts in European affairs, offering academic post-graduate degrees in High European Studies). With the financial support from the Jean Monnet Programme (DG Education and Culture, European Commission), a first migration panel was organised in the framework of the international colloquium ‘Romania and the European Union in 2007’ held in Timisoara between 6 and 7 of May 2005 (panel Migration, Asylum and Human Rights at the Eastern Border of the European Union). Having in mind the positive welcoming of the migration related subjects during the 2005 colloquium, a second event was organised on 5 May 2006 in the framework of the European Year of Workers’ Mobility: the international colloquium Migration and Mobility: Assets and Challenges for the Enlargement of the European Union. In the same period, the Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence, SISEC and The British Council in Bucharest have jointly edited two special issues of The Romanian Journal of European Studies, no.4/2005 and 5-6/2006, both dedicated to migration and mobility. Preliminary versions of many of the chapters of this volume were presented at the above mentioned international events. The papers were chosen according to their scientific quality, after an anonymously peer-review selection. The authors debate both theoretical issues and practical results of their research. They are renowned experts at international level, members of the academia, PhD students or experienced practitioners involved in the management of the migration flows at the governmental level. This volume was financed by the Jean Monnet Programme of the Directorate General Education and Culture, European Commission, throughout the Jean Monnet European Centre of Excellence (C03/0110) within the West University of Timisoara, Romania, and is dedicated to the European Year of Workers’ Mobility 2006. Timisoara, December 200

Common themes in antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance

Publication history: Accepted - 22 July 2022; Published - 8 August 2022.Antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance represent two of the main global challenges for the public health, requiring immediate practical solutions. In line with this, we need a better understanding of the origins of drug resistance in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the evolutionary processes leading to the occurrence of adaptive phenotypes in response to the selective pressure of therapeutic agents. The purpose of this paper is to present some of the analogies between the antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance. Antimicrobial and anticancer drugs share common targets and mechanisms of action as well as similar mechanisms of resistance (e.g., increased drug efflux, drug inactivation, target alteration, persister cells’ selection, protection of bacterial communities/malignant tissue by an extracellular matrix, etc.). Both individual and collective stress responses triggered by the chemotherapeutic agent involving complex intercellular communication processes, as well as with the surrounding microenvironment, will be considered. The common themes in antimicrobial and anticancer drug resistance recommend the utility of bacterial experimental models for unraveling the mechanisms that facilitate the evolution and adaptation of malignant cells to antineoplastic drugs.This research was funded by CNFIS-FDI-2022-0675, UEFISCDI - PN-III-P4-PCE2021-1797, PN-III-P1-1.1-36PD-2019- 0499, Grant number 224/2021 and the Ministry of Research, Innovation, and Digitalization through Program 1—Development of the national R&D system, Subprogram 1.2—Institutional performance—Financing projects for excellence in RDI, Contract no. 41 PFE/30.12.2021

Refinement of the diagnostic approach for the identification of children and adolescents affected by familial hypercholesterolemia: Evidence from the LIPIGEN study

Background and aims: We aimed to describe the limitations of familiar hypercholesterolemia (FH) diagnosis in childhood based on the presence of the typical features of FH, such as physical sings of cholesterol accumulation and personal or family history of premature cardiovascular disease or hypercholesterolemia, comparing their prevalence in the adult and paediatric FH population, and to illustrate how additional information can lead to a more effective diagnosis of FH at a younger age.Methods: From the Italian LIPIGEN cohort, we selected 1188 (>= 18 years) and 708 (<18 years) genetically-confirmed heterozygous FH, with no missing personal FH features. The prevalence of personal and familial FH features was compared between the two groups. For a sub-group of the paediatric cohort (N = 374), data about premature coronary heart disease (CHD) in second-degree family members were also included in the evaluation.Results: The lower prevalence of typical FH features in children/adolescents vs adults was confirmed: the prevalence of tendon xanthoma was 2.1% vs 13.1%, and arcus cornealis was present in 1.6% vs 11.2% of the cohorts, respectively. No children presented clinical history of premature CHD or cerebral/peripheral vascular disease compared to 8.8% and 5.6% of adults, respectively. The prevalence of premature CHD in first-degree relatives was significantly higher in adults compared to children/adolescents (38.9% vs 19.7%). In the sub-cohort analysis, a premature CHD event in parents was reported in 63 out of 374 subjects (16.8%), but the percentage increased to 54.0% extending the evaluation also to second-degree relatives.Conclusions: In children, the typical FH features are clearly less informative than in adults. A more thorough data collection, adding information about second-degree relatives, could improve the diagnosis of FH at younger age