Real Time Monitoring of Erythrocytes With the QTA Tracer System At the Ryhov County Hospital Blood Center Resulted in Changed Routine

Degree Project Thesis, Programme in Medicine. TITLE:Real Time Monitoring of Erythrocytes With the QTA Tracer System At the Ryhov County Hospital Blood Center Resulted in Changed Routine. Introduction About 500 000 blood units are collected from blood donors and used for the preparation of blood components for blood transfusion in Sweden every year. The shelf life of a red blood cell (RBC) unit in SAGM solution is 42 days within a controlled temperature environment of 2-6˚C. There is limited knowledge about how time and especially temperature affect blood units. However, even today´s blood units all over the world are transported to different health care sites without a guaranteed quality control of the required cold-chain. Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to explore the actual temperature variation during internal storage and internal transports of blood units during its actual shelf life in its real environment. Method At the Blood Center at Ryhov the QTA Tracer System® was used log the temperature and time. Tracers were attached to blood bags that then were stored at the internal refrigerators or transported between Jönköping and Värnamo. The log-files were then analyzed with excel spreadsheet to identify individual blood bags, i.e. tracers, that were out of temperature range. Conclusions The test showed that there were actual deviations from the standards in the physical environments surrounding the blood bags even though the procedures were followed. To all the blood bags that reached below 0°C a control of their level of hemolysis were performed. The fact that all of them had well below the stipulated 0.8% of hemolysis could raise the question of the ‘zero-tolerance’ to go below 0°C due to the risk of hemolysis. The blood center made some minor changes to some of procedures to reduce the deviations. They also continuously monitor their blood bags to incremental develop their routines

The work of the high school librarian : Five high school librarians on their work, role and relation to the educational activity of their schools

The aim of this Bachelor´s thesis is to deepen our understanding of the high school librarian’s work, role and relations to teachers and management. Research questions concern how high school librarians prioritize work assignments and for what reasons, as well as how they regard their occupational role. Issues of integration in the educational activities of the school as well as obstacles and possibilities in relation to teachers and management are investigated. Five semi-structured interviews with high school librarians from different school contexts were conducted. The theoretical framework is based on the idea of the sociology of knowledge together with Loertcher’s Library Media Specialist´s Taxonomy. The results show librarians strive to prioritize pedagogical activities. Their pedagogical role in schools is not static but is developed by some of the librarians. Pedagogical work depended mainly on individual initiatives, with one exception. Possibilities for developing cooperation were found to exist in all the schools. Obstacles identified, though rare, were some teachers’ tendencies to work individually and the lack of opportunity to prioritize pedagogical work as administration consumed their time. Further obstacles were school managers tendencies to rely on the school librarians for initiatives and that only one school used meetings for regular pedagogic discussions

Human attitudes and behaviour regarding antibiotic use from an antibiotic resistant perspective – a survey study

Introduktion: Antibiotikaresistens är idag ett av de största globala hoten mot folkhälsan. Antibiotikaresistens innebär att bakterier blir resistenta mot läkemedlet antibiotika, vilket leder till att sjukdomar som tidigare varit behandlingsbara med antibiotika blir svårbehandlade eller icke behandlingsbara. Detta leder i sin tur till högre dödlighet, längre sjukhusvistelser samt en högre kostnad för vården. Resistensen sker även naturligt men det är tydligt att överanvändning och missbrukning av antibiotikan skyndar på resistensutvecklingen avsevärt. Syfte: Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka människors beteende gällande antibiotikaanvändning utifrån ett antibiotikaresistent perspektiv. Metod: Det här är en empirisk studie som genomförts i form av en enkätundersökning.Studiedesign är en tvärsnittsdesign. Denna design innebär att data samlas in från mer än ettenda fall vid en viss tidpunkt. Studiepopulationen består av män och kvinnor i åldersgruppen18 år och uppåt utan en övre gräns.Resultat: Resultatet visar att respondenterna är medvetna om antibiotikaresistens och 88,7 %svarar att de är medvetna om att det finns antibiotikaresistens, 87,3 % följer läkarens behandlingsrekommendation. Resultatet visar att 18,3 % skulle kunna tänka sig att köpa antibiotika receptfritt på apotek utomlands utan en läkares ordination om de blir sjuka och 25 % av dem har en högskoleutbildning/universitetsutbildning. Slutsats: Generellt sett visar studien på att det finns en medvetenhet om antibiotikaresistens,vilket också visar sig i respondenternas beteende. Respondenternas beteende följer med vadsom bidrar till att resistensutvecklingen minskar i samhället som handlar om att följa läkarensbehandlingsrekommendation samt att inte köpa receptfria antibiotika. Restriktivt användandeav antibiotika bidrar till minskad resistens.Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is today one of the biggest global threats to public health. Antibiotic resistance means that bacteria become resistant to the drug antibiotics, which leads to diseases that have previously been treatable with antibiotics becoming difficult to treat or not treatable, which in turn leads to a higher mortality, longer hospital stays and a higher cost of care. The resistance also occurs naturally, but it is clear that overuse and misuse of the antibiotic accelerates the development of resistance considerably. Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate human behavior regarding antibiotic use from an antibiotic-resistant perspective. Method: This is an empirical study conducted in the form of a survey. Study design is a cross-sectional design. This design means that data is collected from more than a single case at a given time. Study populations consists of men and women in the age group 18 years and older without an upper limit. Results: The results show that the respondents are aware of antibiotic resistance and 88.7 % answer that they are aware that there is antibiotic resistance. 87.3% follow the doctor's treatment recommendation. The results show that 18.3% could buy antibiotics without a prescription at pharmacies abroad without a doctor's prescription if they become ill and 25 % of them have a university education. Conclusion: In general, the study shows that there is an awareness of antibiotic resistance, which is also reflected in the respondents' behavior. The respondents' behavior follows what contributes to reducing the development of resistance in society, which is about following the doctor's treatment recommendation and not to buy over-the-counter antibiotics. Restrictive use of antibiotics contributes to reduced resistance

Vocal Impact of a Prolonged Reading Task at Two Intensity Levels: Objective Measurements and Subjective Self-Ratings

Objectives: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the impact on voice of both duration and intensity level of 2 hours of continuous oral reading. Voice modifications accompanying changes in intensity level during prolonged reading tasks are analyzed. Methods: Fifty normophonic women undergo two sessions of voice loading in which the required intensity level of voice varied between 60–65 dB(A) for the first session and 70–75 dB(A) for the second session. The effects of loading on objective data (average fundamental frequency [F0], jitter%, shimmer%, noise-to-harmonic ratio, maximum phonation time, lowest frequency [F-Low], highest frequency [F-High], frequency range [Range], lowest intensity [I-Low] level, and highest intensity level) and self-ratings (voice quality, phonation effort, vocal fatigue, and laryngeal discomfort) are assessed every 30 minutes during the loading tasks. Results: Results indicate that average F0, F-Low, I-Low, maximum phonation time, feeling of phonation effort, vocal fatigue, and laryngeal discomfort increase during prolonged reading, whereas shimmer% and self-rating of voice quality decrease. Average F0, F-High, and Range are the only parameters influenced by the required intensity of vocal load; they are significantly higher in the 70- to 75-dB session compared with the 60- to 65-dB session. Concerning the subjective self-ratings, similar results for the four ratings used suggest that only one would suffice in future studies. Conclusions: These results confirm the importance of both duration and intensity level as loading factors, even if intensity level affects fewer variables than duration

Faust : dramatisches Gedicht in fünf Aufzügen / von Nicolaus Lenau. Für die Bühne eingerichtet von Maximilian Gramming

FAUST : DRAMATISCHES GEDICHT IN FÜNF AUFZÜGEN / VON NICOLAUS LENAU. FÜR DIE BÜHNE EINGERICHTET VON MAXIMILIAN GRAMMING Faust : dramatisches Gedicht in fünf Aufzügen / von Nicolaus Lenau. Für die Bühne eingerichtet von Maximilian Gramming (1) Einband (1) Titelseite (5) Personen / Decorationen (7) Erster Akt (9) Zweiter Akt (25) Dritter Akt (44) Vierter Akt (61) Fünfter Akt (76

The identity, competences and professional development of corporate librarians : using Astra Zeneca as an example

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the identity, competences and professional development of corporate librarians. I have done an empirical study based on semi structured interviews with 11 information professionals who were working at Astra Zeneca at the time of the re-organizations of the company in 2009 which ultimately led to the closing of the libraries. I have also examined the views on competences and professional development of librarians in general, both in Sweden and in Denmark. I have used Thomas Brante’s theories on profession types as well as Anders Ørom’s theories on librarian identities as my theoretical framework. The study finds that the respondents have a strong sense of identity as librarians. The interviews revealed that corporate librarians can be considered as having higher status compared to other librarians and that it is primarily based on the fact that the compensation is better in the private sector. The interviews also revealed that being service minded, thorough, social as well as of a curious disposition are regarded as key skills among librarians. The study finally concludes that teaching is an important part of the librarian identity and that Ørom’s model in general proved inadequate when applied to corporate information professionals