Impact of nontariff measures on the exports of the beverage sector in India

In the recent past, agricultural exports, especially plantation crops, which are the backbone of India, have been subjected to many nontariff measures. Since the liberalisation of trade has led to the integration of global commodity markets, developing countries are significantly affected by these trade barriers, which indirectly hurt millions of plantation community. Traditionally, India is well known for its exports of beverages and stringent maximum residual limits, traceability issues, and food safety standards are complex issues surmounting trade in the plantation sector around the world. Hence, the present research study attempts to find the shock of nontariff measures on the prices of both export and domestic beverages and the hammering in returns to the Indian beverage industry by the partial equilibrium method. This model directly measures the simulation effect of nontariff measures by imposing NTM on tea and coffee sector.  It is obvious that as the NTM percent increases from 10 percent to 25 percent on tea sector, the loss in export quantity was more from 22.24 million kg to 55.61 million kg and loss of revenue was from Rs. 2997 million to Rs. 7492 million for the corresponding NTMs. Likewise the loss in export quantity (62.85 million kg) and loss in revenue (Rs. 9412 million) were high in 25 per cent of NTM. The present study shows how to allow for market imperfections and trade facilitating effects of nontariff measures in the beverage sector.

Bipolar Valued Intutionistic Multi Fuzzy Normal Subnear-Ring of a Near-Ring

In this paper, bipolar valued intutionistic multi fuzzy normal subnear-ring of a near-ring is introduced and some theorems are stated and proved

ANALYSIS OF CURRENT HARMONICS IN A DECOUPLED SVPWM CONTROLLED DUAL TWO LEVEL INVERTER FED OPEN END WINDING INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE

Pulse width modulation has been one of the most intensively investigated areas of power electronics for many years now, and the number of combinations seems to be endless. However, according to a hierarchal consensus, Space Vector Modulation techniques are ranked higher in order of merit, based on harmonic performance. In this paper, Space Vector PWM Switching scheme is employed for a dual two level inverter feeding an Induction motor from both ends (open end winding). The decoupled SVPWM is employed for the dual-inverter scheme in order to realize the reference voltage vector. The Gating pulses are correspondingly generated for the dual inverters in order to realize the reference voltage, and the respective voltages are fed to 1kW open end windings of an induction motor drive. The harmonic content of the three phase currents in the motor are analyzed with an appropriate variation in its modulation index. Thus the performance in terms of harmonic analysis is carried out using Matlab/SIMULINK for an open end winding induction motor drive

Evaluation of person-level heterogeneity of treatment effects in published multiperson N-of-1 studies: systematic review and reanalysis.

OBJECTIVE:Individual patients with the same condition may respond differently to similar treatments. Our aim is to summarise the reporting of person-level heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTE) in multiperson N-of-1 studies and to examine the evidence for person-level HTE through reanalysis. STUDY DESIGN:Systematic review and reanalysis of multiperson N-of-1 studies. DATA SOURCES:Medline, Cochrane Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Web of Science and review of references through August 2017 for N-of-1 studies published in English. STUDY SELECTION:N-of-1 studies of pharmacological interventions with at least two subjects. DATA SYNTHESIS:Citation screening and data extractions were performed in duplicate. We performed statistical reanalysis testing for person-level HTE on all studies presenting person-level data. RESULTS:We identified 62 multiperson N-of-1 studies with at least two subjects. Statistical tests examining HTE were described in only 13 (21%), of which only two (3%) tested person-level HTE. Only 25 studies (40%) provided person-level data sufficient to reanalyse person-level HTE. Reanalysis using a fixed effect linear model identified statistically significant person-level HTE in 8 of the 13 studies (62%) reporting person-level treatment effects and in 8 of the 14 studies (57%) reporting person-level outcomes. CONCLUSIONS:Our analysis suggests that person-level HTE is common and often substantial. Reviewed studies had incomplete information on person-level treatment effects and their variation. Improved assessment and reporting of person-level treatment effects in multiperson N-of-1 studies are needed

Designing a new vanillin Schiff base (Z)-4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzylidene)amino)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and biological studies

Novel Schiff base containing antipyrine and o-vanillin has been synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques such as FTIR, UV-Vis, CHN, 1Hand 13C NMR spectral studies. The thermal behavior of the title compound has been examined with Thermogravimetric-Differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The structural properties have been further examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The X-ray diffraction data shows that the compound contains four molecules in the asymmetric unit. Antifungal activity of the compound has been carried out for four different fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terrus and Fusarium Sp at three different concentrations, whereas the compound shows significant activity against the fungi Aspergillus niger.

Utility and safety of laparoscopy for intra-abdominal cysts in small children: Single center experience

Objectives: The objective of this study is to study the utility and safety of laparoscopy in the management of intra-abdominal cysts in small children. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patient data that underwent laparoscopy for intra-abdominal cystic lesions. The study period was from March 2010 to April 2015. Patients with adequate follow-up and complete data were included for study. The patients were divided into 3 age groups for analysis of the outcome viz. neonates, infants, and children between 1 and 5 years of age. The data were analyzed for spectrum of lesions managed, surgical procedure performed, operative time, intraoperative events, need for conversion, time to discharge, and the overall outcome. Results: A total of 106/121 patients with adequate follow-up are included for the study and most of the patients (63.6%) belonged to children between 1 to 5 years. Wide spectrums of lesions were managed laparoscopically, and majority 45 (42.4%) had cysts arising from the hepatobiliary system whereas genitourinary system lesions formed 2nd largest group with 21 (19.8%) patients. The procedure was completed laparoscopically in 86.6% (92) of the patients. The morbidity including wound infection, re-exploration, and recurrences, were seen in 5% of patients. The average duration of hospital stay was 4.6 days (range 2-21 days), and the average duration of follow-up was 96 months (range 6-180 months). Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery is a fascinating technical development for pediatric surgeons. It is applicable for the wide variety of intra-abdominal cystic lesions in children. Excisional surgeries are best performed by laparoscopic technique even in small infants and neonates. In the hands of experienced surgeons, reconstructive surgeries have good outcome with minimal morbidity

Designing a new vanillin Schiff base (Z)-4-((2-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzylidene)amino)-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and biological studies

1110-1116Novel Schiff base containing antipyrine and o-vanillin has been synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques such as FTIR, UV-Vis, CHN, 1Hand 13C NMR spectral studies. The thermal behavior of the title compound has been examined with Thermogravimetric-Differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The structural properties have been further examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The X-ray diffraction data shows that the compound contains four molecules in the asymmetric unit. Antifungal activity of the compound has been carried out for four different fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terrus and Fusarium Sp at three different concentrations, whereas the compound shows significant activity against the fungi Aspergillus niger