Sposobnost hvatanja slobodnih radikala biljke Saussarea costus

Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipschitz belonging to the family Asteraceae is an important medicinal drug, roots of which are widely used as a folk medicine. The antioxidant activity of the plant has been studied using its ability to scavenge DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide radicals along with the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation and GSH oxidation. The 1 mg mL-1 extract had antioxidant activity with 85.2% reduction of DPPH and a 72.7% decrease in lipid peroxidation. It showed the maximum inhibition of superoxide radical of 66,0%, and 58.4% inhibition of the nitric oxide formation. The concentration of chlorogenic acid was found to be 0.027% in the extract of S. costus. Thus therapeutic activity of the plant may be due to its antioxidant activity, which may be as a result of chlorogenic acid presence.Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipschitz (Asteraceae) važna je ljekovita biljka čiji se korijen upotrebljava u narodnoj medicini. U ovom radu proučavano je antioksidativno djelovanje te biljke. Praćena je sposobnost vezanja DPPH, oksida dušika, superoksidnih radikala i inhibicije peroksidacije lipida i oksidacije GSH. 1 mg mL-1 ekstrakta reducira 85,2% DPPH i za 72,7% smanjuje peroksidaciju lipida. Maksimalna inhibicija superoksidnih radikala bila je 66%, a inhibicija stvaranja oksida dušika 58,4%. Koncentracija klorogenske kiseline u ekstraktu S. costus je 0,027%. Smatra se da je upravo prisutnost te kiseline presudno za antioksidativno djelovanje

Liječenje površinskih rana štakora biljkom Anogeissus latifolia

Wound healing potential of etnanolic extract of Anogeissus latifolia bark (ALE) for treatment of dermal wounds in rats was studied on excision and incision wound models. HPTLC of the total extract was recorded for the purpose of standardization. Various parameters of incision wound, viz. epithelization period, scar area, tensile strength and hydroxyproline measurements along with wound contraction, were used to evaluate the effect of A. latifolia on wound healing. The results obtained indicate that A. latifolia accelerates the wound healing process by decreasing the surface area of the wound and increasing the tensile strength. Nitrofurazone ointment was used as a positive control. Complete epithelization was observed within 15 days with ALE. Measurements of the healed area and the hydroxyproline level were in agreement. Antibacterial activity of ALE was studied against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae) compared to erythromycin and tetracycline. Moderate activity was observed against all organisms. The present study provides a scientific rationale for the traditional use of Anogeissus latifolia in the management of skin diseases such as sores, boils and itching.Ispitivan je potencijal liječenja alkoholnog ekstrakta kore biljke Anogeissus latifolia (ALE) na površinskim ranama štakora. U svrhu standardizacije snimljen je HPTLC kromatogram ekstrakta. Da bi se odredio učinak na zacjeljivanje oljeda praćeni su različiti parametri: vrijeme potrebno za epitelizaciju, površina ožiljka, sila naprezanja, kontrakcija rane i određivanje hidroksiprolina. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju da A. latifolia ubrzava proces zacjeljivanja rana jer smanjuje površinu rane i povećava silu naprezanja. Mast nitrofurazona je upotrebljena kao pozitivna kontrola. Unutar 15 dan primjene ekstrakta zapažena je potpuna epitelizacija rane. Mjerenja zacjeljene površine i količine hidroksiprolina bila su u skladu. Antibakterijsko djelovanje ALE proučavano je na Gram-pozitivnim (Staphylococcus aureus) i Gram-negativnim bakterijama (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Klebsiella pneumoniae) i uspoređeno s djelovanjem eritromicina i tetraciklina. Primjećeno je umjereno djelovanje protiv svih ispitivanih bakterija. Istraživanja su pokazala znanstvenu opravdanost tradicionalne primjene biljke Anogeissus latifolia u liječenju različitih bolesti kože kao što su rane, gnojni čirevi i svrbež

Liječenje površinskih rana štakora biljkom Anogeissus latifolia

Wound healing potential of etnanolic extract of Anogeissus latifolia bark (ALE) for treatment of dermal wounds in rats was studied on excision and incision wound models. HPTLC of the total extract was recorded for the purpose of standardization. Various parameters of incision wound, viz. epithelization period, scar area, tensile strength and hydroxyproline measurements along with wound contraction, were used to evaluate the effect of A. latifolia on wound healing. The results obtained indicate that A. latifolia accelerates the wound healing process by decreasing the surface area of the wound and increasing the tensile strength. Nitrofurazone ointment was used as a positive control. Complete epithelization was observed within 15 days with ALE. Measurements of the healed area and the hydroxyproline level were in agreement. Antibacterial activity of ALE was studied against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae) compared to erythromycin and tetracycline. Moderate activity was observed against all organisms. The present study provides a scientific rationale for the traditional use of Anogeissus latifolia in the management of skin diseases such as sores, boils and itching.Ispitivan je potencijal liječenja alkoholnog ekstrakta kore biljke Anogeissus latifolia (ALE) na površinskim ranama štakora. U svrhu standardizacije snimljen je HPTLC kromatogram ekstrakta. Da bi se odredio učinak na zacjeljivanje oljeda praćeni su različiti parametri: vrijeme potrebno za epitelizaciju, površina ožiljka, sila naprezanja, kontrakcija rane i određivanje hidroksiprolina. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju da A. latifolia ubrzava proces zacjeljivanja rana jer smanjuje površinu rane i povećava silu naprezanja. Mast nitrofurazona je upotrebljena kao pozitivna kontrola. Unutar 15 dan primjene ekstrakta zapažena je potpuna epitelizacija rane. Mjerenja zacjeljene površine i količine hidroksiprolina bila su u skladu. Antibakterijsko djelovanje ALE proučavano je na Gram-pozitivnim (Staphylococcus aureus) i Gram-negativnim bakterijama (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Klebsiella pneumoniae) i uspoređeno s djelovanjem eritromicina i tetraciklina. Primjećeno je umjereno djelovanje protiv svih ispitivanih bakterija. Istraživanja su pokazala znanstvenu opravdanost tradicionalne primjene biljke Anogeissus latifolia u liječenju različitih bolesti kože kao što su rane, gnojni čirevi i svrbež

Sposobnost hvatanja slobodnih radikala biljke Saussarea costus

Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipschitz belonging to the family Asteraceae is an important medicinal drug, roots of which are widely used as a folk medicine. The antioxidant activity of the plant has been studied using its ability to scavenge DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide radicals along with the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation and GSH oxidation. The 1 mg mL-1 extract had antioxidant activity with 85.2% reduction of DPPH and a 72.7% decrease in lipid peroxidation. It showed the maximum inhibition of superoxide radical of 66,0%, and 58.4% inhibition of the nitric oxide formation. The concentration of chlorogenic acid was found to be 0.027% in the extract of S. costus. Thus therapeutic activity of the plant may be due to its antioxidant activity, which may be as a result of chlorogenic acid presence.Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipschitz (Asteraceae) važna je ljekovita biljka čiji se korijen upotrebljava u narodnoj medicini. U ovom radu proučavano je antioksidativno djelovanje te biljke. Praćena je sposobnost vezanja DPPH, oksida dušika, superoksidnih radikala i inhibicije peroksidacije lipida i oksidacije GSH. 1 mg mL-1 ekstrakta reducira 85,2% DPPH i za 72,7% smanjuje peroksidaciju lipida. Maksimalna inhibicija superoksidnih radikala bila je 66%, a inhibicija stvaranja oksida dušika 58,4%. Koncentracija klorogenske kiseline u ekstraktu S. costus je 0,027%. Smatra se da je upravo prisutnost te kiseline presudno za antioksidativno djelovanje

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Evolution of structure and properties during thermal annealing of poly(para-BENZOBISOXAZOLE) (PBO) fibers

M.S.P. Desa

The genus Spilanthes ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties: a review

Spilanthes spp. are popular, over-the-counter remedies; they are sold over the internet under various names and are widely used in traditional medicine in various cultures. This review will summarize the important reports on the ethnopharmacology, botany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties as described in the literature from recent years (1920 to 2013). Spilanthes spp. are used for more than 60 types of disorders. They are reported to contain a number of biologically active phytochemicals, although a large number of ethnopharmacological uses have been documented; only a few of these species have been investigated for their chemical and biological activities. The studies are carried out mainly on Spilanthes extracts and a few metabolites substantiate the uses of these plants in traditional medicine. Well-conducted pharmacological studies are still needed for several traditional indications, and the mechanisms of action by which the plant extracts and the active compounds exert their pharmacological effects remain to be studied. They are predominantly used as extracts in personal care products, traditional medicines, and the pharmaceutical and culinary areas. Suggestions are made regarding some of the possible mechanisms of action as to how the known compounds may exert their biological activity

The Genus Spilanthes Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties: A Review

Spilanthes spp. are popular, over-the-counter remedies; they are sold over the internet under various names and are widely used in traditional medicine in various cultures. This review will summarize the important reports on the ethnopharmacology, botany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties as described in the literature from recent years (1920 to 2013). Spilanthes spp. are used for more than 60 types of disorders. They are reported to contain a number of biologically active phytochemicals, although a large number of ethnopharmacological uses have been documented; only a few of these species have been investigated for their chemical and biological activities. The studies are carried out mainly on Spilanthes extracts and a few metabolites substantiate the uses of these plants in traditional medicine. Well-conducted pharmacological studies are still needed for several traditional indications, and the mechanisms of action by which the plant extracts and the active compounds exert their pharmacological effects remain to be studied. They are predominantly used as extracts in personal care products, traditional medicines, and the pharmaceutical and culinary areas. Suggestions are made regarding some of the possible mechanisms of action as to how the known compounds may exert their biological activity