57 research outputs found

    The pointing gesture in 12 month old infants born pre-term

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    Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

    Avaliação da deglutição em prematuros com mamadeira e copo

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    Purpose:To compare the swallowing performance of premature infants using a cup and a bottle during the first offer of food by mouth.Methods:This study was carried out with preterm newborns who presented low weight at birth and no neurological illnesses, genetic syndromes or congenital malformations. The newborns were assessed by videofluoroscopy while using a cup and a bottle, when they reached a post-conceptual age of ≥34 weeks, weight ≥ 1,500 g and showed signs of readiness for oral feeding. All children were fed exclusively by gavage during the period prior to the study.Results:This study included 20 preterm newborns, with average birth weight of 1,356 g and gestational age of 31.3 weeks. The majority of the bottle-fed newborns (68%) presented strong and rhythmic suction and 63% showed good sucking/swallowing/breathing coordination. The same percentage of newborns fed by cup (68%) could not perform the sipping movement and only 32% could suck a minimal amount of liquid contrast. There were no signs of laryngeal penetration and tracheal aspiration in both procedures.Conclusion:At the first oral feeding, preterm newborns showed better swallowing performance with a bottle in comparison to using a cup.Objetivo:Comparar o desempenho da deglutição com uso de copo e mamadeira em prematuros, na primeira oferta do alimento por via oral.Métodos:Estudo em prematuros de muito baixo peso ao nascer, sem comprometimento neurológico, síndromes genéticas ou malformações congênitas. Os recém-nascidos foram avaliados por meio da videofluoroscopia, com uso de copo e mamadeira, quando atingiram idade corrigida ≥34 semanas, peso ≥1.500 g e apresentavam indicação de iniciar alimentação por via oral. Todos receberam alimentação exclusivamente por gavagem no período prévio ao estudo.Resultados:Foram avaliados 20 prematuros, com peso médio de 1.356 g e idade gestacional ao nascimento de 31,3 semanas. Grande parte dos recém-nascidos alimentados por mamadeira (68%) apresentou sucção forte e com ritmo e 63% mostraram boa coordenação das funções sucção/deglutição/respiração. A mesma porcentagem de recém-nascidos alimentados pelo copo (68%) não realizou o movimento de sorver e apenas 32% sorveram quantidades mínimas de contraste líquido. Não foram observados sinais de penetração laríngea e aspiração traqueal em ambos os procedimentos.Conclusão:Na primeira oferta de alimento por via oral, recém-nascidos prematuros apresentaram melhor desempenho na deglutição com o uso da mamadeira em relação ao copo.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaUNIFESPSciEL

    For a “macunaimica” pedagogy in brazilian early childhood education

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    International audienceThis research work aims to present the diversity of the Brazilian early childhood, and to problematize the challenges facing its education in a post colonialist perspective. It approaches issues that involve collective spaces of education at the public sphere, the non-school specificities of education in day care centers and pre schools for children from 0-6 years old and its continuity on the transition processes at the beginning years of mandatory schooling. It discusses these challenges in the context of child education as first step of the Brazilian basic education, articulating distinct theoretical-methodological references in the fields of Social Sciences, Art and Politics, by means of ethnographies that bring to the center the young child, the academic and political commitment of the construction of decolonizing educative practices, and of one emancipatory pedagogy, against all forms of violence, discrimination, and authoritarianism. It honors, therefore, its precursor, the poet Mario de Andrade, now celebrating 80 years from the playground creation in the city of São Paulo and 88 years from the anthropophagic manifest. This work is an invitation for us to decolonize our looks, seeking to revisit our academic thinking, following the trajectory of the Brazilian sociologist Florestan Fernandes, militant, political revolutionary, committed to his historical timeline, interpret of a profound Brasil of popular classes, of the so called “minorities” that are the majority from the looks and commitments that we build before the tortuous ways of public policies and the challenge of research production “with, for and about” young children

    Neurodevelopmental assessment of very low birth weight preterm infants at corrected age of 18-24 months by Bayley III scales

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    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of delay and factors associated with neurodevelopmental scores in premature infants. METHODS: Cross-sectional study to assess the development by Bayley Scales III, including very low birth weight preterm infants aged 18 to 24 months who were under follow-up at the outpatient clinic for preterm infants. Congenital malformation, genetic syndrome, symptomatic congenital infection at birth, deafness, and blindness were excluded. Numerical variables were compared by Mann-Whitney or Student t test and categorical variables by chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Factors associated with developmental scores were analyzed by linear regression, and statistical significance level was established at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Out of the 58 children included, four (6.9%) presented cognitive delay, four (6.9%) motor, 17 (29.3%) language, 16 (27.6%) social-emotional and 22 (37.0%) adaptive-behavior delay. By multiple linear regression, the variables: social classes CDE (-13.27; 95%CI: -21.23 to -5.31), oxygen dependency at 36 weeks of corrected age (-8.75; 95%CI: -17.10 to -0.39) decreased the cognitive developmental score. Periventricular leukomalacia decreased the cognitive (-15.21; 95%CI: -27.61 to -2.81), motor (-10.67; 95%CI:-19.74 to -1.59) and adaptive-behavior scores (-21.52; 95%CI: -35.60 to -7.44). The female sex was associated with higher motor (10.67; 95%CI: 2.77 to 12.97), language (15.74; 95%CI: 7.39 to 24.09) and social-emotional developmental scores (10.27; 95%CI: 1.08 to 19.46). CONCLUSIONS: Very low birth weight preterm infants aged from 18 to 24 months of corrected age presented more frequently language, social-emotional and adaptive-behavior delays. The variables: social classes CDE, periventricular leukomalacia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and male sex reduced the neurodevelopmental scores.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência de atraso e fatores associados aos escores de desenvolvimento em crianças nascidas prematuras. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal para avaliar o desenvolvimento por escalas Bayley III, incluindo-se prematuros de muito baixo peso de 18 a 24 meses de idade corrigida, acompanhados no Ambulatório de Prematuros da instituição. Excluíram-se: malformação congênita, síndrome genética, infecção congênita sintomática ao nascimento, surdez e cegueira. As variáveis numéricas foram comparadas por teste t de Student ou Mann-Whitney, e as categóricas, por qui-quadrado ou teste exato de Fisher. Para análise dos fatores associados aos escores de desenvolvimento, utilizou-se a regressão linear, considerando-se significante p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Das 58 crianças avaliadas, quatro (6,9%) apresentaram alteração cognitiva; quatro (6,9%), motora; 17 (29,3%), de linguagem; 16 (27,6%), socioemocional; e 22 (37,9%), de comportamento adaptativo. À regressão linear múltipla, os fatores classe socioeconômica CDE (-13,27; IC95% -21,23 a -5,31) e dependência de oxigênio com 36 semanas de idade corrigida (-8,75; IC95% -17,10 a -0,39) diminuíram o escore cognitivo. A leucomalácia periventricular diminuiu o escore cognitivo (-15,21; IC95% -27,61 a -2,81), motor (-10,67; IC95% -19,74 a -1,59) e de comportamento adaptativo (-21,52; IC95% -35,60 a -7,44). O sexo feminino se associou ao maior escore motor (10,67; IC95% 2,77-12,97), de linguagem (15,74; IC95% 7,39-24,09) e socioemocional (10,27; IC95% 1,08-19,46). CONCLUSÕES: Prematuros de muito baixo peso apresentaram com maior frequência alterações na linguagem, comportamento adaptativo e socioemocional. As variáveis classe socioeconômica CDE, leucomalácia periventricular, displasia broncopulmonar e sexo masculino contribuíram para reduzir os escores de desenvolvimento.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) Departamento de PediatriaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de PediatriaSciEL

    PP13 - Hipomineralização molar-incisivo (HMI) em grupo de crianças e adolescentes prematuros: estudo preliminar

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    INTRODUÇÂO: A Organização Mundial de Saude (OMS) define as crianças prematuras como as que apresentam idade gestacional abaixo de 37 semanas. No Brasil a prevalência de nascimentos de pré termos é de 10,7% em 2011. As morbidades perinatais e o déficit nutricional podem causar risco desses pacientes apresentarem dentes com hipomineralização

    Resveratrol derivatives as potential treatments for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease

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    Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons in different regions of the nervous system. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the two most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, and the symptoms associated with these pathologies are closely related to the regions that are most affected by the process of neurodegeneration. Despite their high prevalence, currently, there is no cure or disease-modifying drugs for the treatment of these conditions. In the last decades, due to the need for the development of new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, several authors have investigated the neuroprotective actions of naturally occurring molecules, such as resveratrol. Resveratrol is a stilbene found in several plants, including grapes, blueberries, raspberries, and peanuts. Studies have shown that resveratrol presents neuroprotective actions in experimental models of AD and PD, however, its clinical application is limited due to its rapid metabolism and low bioavailability. In this context, studies have proposed that structural changes in the resveratrol molecule, including glycosylation, alkylation, halogenation, hydroxylation, methylation, and prenylation could lead to the development of derivatives with enhanced bioavailability and pharmacological activity. Therefore, this review article aims to discuss how resveratrol derivatives could represent viable molecules in the search for new drugs for the treatment of AD and PD

    EFICÁCIA DA ÁGUA VERSUS ANTISSÉPTICO PARA LIMPEZA PERIURETRAL NA REALIZAÇÃO DO CATETERISMO URINÁRIO DE DEMORA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

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    RESUMO As infecções do trato urinário relacionadas ao cateterismo urinário de demora estão entre as mais frequentes em hospitais. Existem várias recomendações para a prevenção de infecções, porém ainda se questiona a necessidade de utilizar antissépticos para a limpeza periuretral. Objetivo: este estudo objetivou analisar as evidências, na literatura, acerca do tema. Método: foi realizada revisão sistemática utilizando-se as bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Medline, Embase, Web of Science e Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos que avaliaram as taxas de infecção do trato urinário/bacteriúria e que utilizaram soluções antissépticas e água na limpeza periuretral. Resultados: de 211 estudos, três foram considerados metodologicamente adequados de acordo com a Escala de Jadad. Todos os estudos mostraram que não há diferenças significativas nas taxas de ITU/ bacteriúria quando comparado o uso de água com antisséptico (clorexidina ou povidona-iodo). Conclusão: concluiu-se que o uso de água na limpeza periuretral parece não aumentar o risco de adquirir infecção/bacteriúria
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