Necessary Skills and Knowledge for Staff Providing Telehealth Services

Background Although motor abnormalities have been flagged as potentially the most sensitive and specific clinical features for predicting the future progression to Parkinson's disease, little work has been done to characterize gait and balance impairments in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). Objective The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine any static balance as well as gait impairments across the 5 independent domains of gait in polysomnography-confirmed iRBD patients using normal, fast-paced, and dual-task walking conditions. Methods A total of 38 participants (24 iRBD, 14 healthy controls) completed the following 5 different walking trials across a pressure sensor carpet: (1) normal pace, (2) fast pace, (3) while counting backward from 100 by 1s, (4) while naming as many animals as possible, (5) while subtracting 7s from 100. Results Although no gait differences were found between the groups during normal walking, there were significant differences between groups under the fast-paced and dual-task gait conditions. Specifically, in response to the dual tasking, healthy controls widened their step width without changing step width variability, whereas iRBD patients did not widen their step width but, rather, significantly increased their step width variability. Similarly, changes between the groups were observed during fast-paced walking wherein the iRBD patients demonstrated greater step length asymmetry when compared with controls. Conclusions This study demonstrates that iRBD patients have subtle gait impairments, which likely reflect early progressive degeneration in brainstem regions that regulate both REM sleep and gait coordination. Such gait assessments may be useful as a diagnostic preclinical screening tool for future fulminant gait abnormalities for trials of disease-preventive agents. (c) 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Societ

Développement d’un score de stabilité chez les personnes présentant des pathologies d’origine neurologique entraînant des troubles de la marche et/ou de l’équilibre

Many pathologies affect balance control during gait. Traumatic, neurological or age-related disorders can all limit more or less the stability, which is the capacity of subjects to recover from perturbations, and can lead to falls. For children, the stability is related to the developmental stages and its interpretation requires differentiating what pertains to the developmental instability and to the pathological instability. Instrumented movement analysis allows a reliable and precise recording of the gait parameters. Indexes were developed to improve the clinical evaluation of the patients walking but no one of them quantifies the stability feature.This thesis led to the production of a score quantifying the stability through variability of the spatiotemporal parameters, recorded by an electronic walkway system. The score, called Gait Variability Index (GVI), has been applied to asymptomatic and pathological populations, representative of the various ages of life: children, adults and elderly persons. Results for patients affected by cerebral palsy, Friedreich’s ataxia or after stroke demonstrate that the GVI is a coherent tool for the evaluation of instability. Beyond the clinical interest, it opens various studies perspectives in gait analysis, and is thought-provoking about the disruptive or regulating nature of variability.De nombreux troubles ont un retentissement sur le contrôle de l’équilibre dynamique au cours de la marche. Qu’ils soient d’origine traumatique, neurologique, ou liés à la sénescence, ils limitent plus ou moins la stabilité, c’est-à-dire la capacité des sujets à récupérer de perturbations internes ou externes, et peuvent conduire à la chute. Chez les enfants, la stabilité est de plus liée aux étapes développementales. Son interprétation nécessite donc de différencier ce qui relève de l’instabilité développementale et de l’instabilité pathologique. Les techniques instrumentées d’analyse du mouvement permettent un enregistrement fiable et précis des paramètres de la marche. Des index ont été développés pour faciliter l’évaluation clinique de la marche des patients mais aucun d’entre eux ne quantifie l’aspect stabilité.Ce travail de thèse a conduit à la production d’un score quantifiant la stabilité au travers de la variabilité des paramètres spatiotemporels, enregistrés par une piste de marche électronique. Ce score, dénommé Gait Variability Index (GVI), a été appliqué à des populations, asymptomatiques et pathologiques, représentatives des différents âges de la vie : l’enfant, l’adulte et la personne âgée. Les résultats obtenus chez des patients affectés de paralysie cérébrale, d’ataxie de Friedreich ou cérébrolésés démontrent que le GVI est un outil cohérent pour l’évaluation de l’instabilité. Outre l’intérêt clinique qu’il représente, celui-ci ouvre différentes perspectives pour son application et invite à la réflexion quant à la nature perturbatrice ou régulatrice de la variabilité

Use of Functional Ambulation Performance Score as measurement of gait ability: Review

International audienceGait analysis systems are widely used for the assessment of gait disabilities and provide more accurate and detailed information than clinical tests. Scores and indexes have been proposed to summarize the large volume of data produced, each emphasizing different aspects of gait. Based on specific spatiotemporal parameters, the Functional Ambulation Performance Score (FAPS) quantifies gait at a self-selected speed. Integrated within electronic walkways, the FAPS is commonly used for clinical evaluations and has been used in an increasing number of publications over the past few years. However, its use is sometimes distorted by misunderstandings of its composition and calculation, practical and/or conceptual limits, and even the meaning of the score. This technical report reviews the use of the FAPS for the evaluation of gait based on peer-reviewed articles and clinical experience and addresses important issues that must be considered for an optimal unbiased understanding and analysis of the score

Conception of a stability score in neurological diseases leading to gait and/or balance disorders

De nombreux troubles ont un retentissement sur le contrôle de l’équilibre dynamique au cours de la marche. Qu’ils soient d’origine traumatique, neurologique, ou liés à la sénescence, ils limitent plus ou moins la stabilité, c’est-à-dire la capacité des sujets à récupérer de perturbations internes ou externes, et peuvent conduire à la chute. Chez les enfants, la stabilité est de plus liée aux étapes développementales. Son interprétation nécessite donc de différencier ce qui relève de l’instabilité développementale et de l’instabilité pathologique. Les techniques instrumentées d’analyse du mouvement permettent un enregistrement fiable et précis des paramètres de la marche. Des index ont été développés pour faciliter l’évaluation clinique de la marche des patients mais aucun d’entre eux ne quantifie l’aspect stabilité.Ce travail de thèse a conduit à la production d’un score quantifiant la stabilité au travers de la variabilité des paramètres spatiotemporels, enregistrés par une piste de marche électronique. Ce score, dénommé Gait Variability Index (GVI), a été appliqué à des populations, asymptomatiques et pathologiques, représentatives des différents âges de la vie : l’enfant, l’adulte et la personne âgée. Les résultats obtenus chez des patients affectés de paralysie cérébrale, d’ataxie de Friedreich ou cérébrolésés démontrent que le GVI est un outil cohérent pour l’évaluation de l’instabilité. Outre l’intérêt clinique qu’il représente, celui-ci ouvre différentes perspectives pour son application et invite à la réflexion quant à la nature perturbatrice ou régulatrice de la variabilité.Many pathologies affect balance control during gait. Traumatic, neurological or age-related disorders can all limit more or less the stability, which is the capacity of subjects to recover from perturbations, and can lead to falls. For children, the stability is related to the developmental stages and its interpretation requires differentiating what pertains to the developmental instability and to the pathological instability. Instrumented movement analysis allows a reliable and precise recording of the gait parameters. Indexes were developed to improve the clinical evaluation of the patients walking but no one of them quantifies the stability feature.This thesis led to the production of a score quantifying the stability through variability of the spatiotemporal parameters, recorded by an electronic walkway system. The score, called Gait Variability Index (GVI), has been applied to asymptomatic and pathological populations, representative of the various ages of life: children, adults and elderly persons. Results for patients affected by cerebral palsy, Friedreich’s ataxia or after stroke demonstrate that the GVI is a coherent tool for the evaluation of instability. Beyond the clinical interest, it opens various studies perspectives in gait analysis, and is thought-provoking about the disruptive or regulating nature of variability

Analyse du mouvement et handicap : application à la marche pathologique

International audienc

Instrumented Four Square Step Test in Adults with Transfemoral Amputation: Test-Retest Reliability and Discriminant Validity between Two Types of Microprocessor Knees

Technology-based outcomes have recently been proposed to complement the standard Four Square Step Test (FSST) by providing a decomposition of the sequences and information about the stepping pattern. A test-retest study and a randomized crossover design have been used to determine immediate test-retest reliability and to assess discriminant validity, in persons with a unilateral transfemoral amputation, for the parameters computed by an instrumented version of the Four Square Step Test. Twenty adults, independent and unlimited community ambulators, with a unilateral transfemoral amputation, performed two Four Square Step Tests on a pressure mat first with a microprocessor knee, then, a few weeks later with another one. One of these prosthetic knees was acknowledged to be superior and to provide functional improvement. Test-retest, intraclass correlation coefficients and minimal detectable change at 95% confidence level were calculated for each variable. Paired samples t-tests were then used to identify differences between the two microprocessor knee systems. The test-retest reliability of most outcome measures was good to excellent. Few variables showed a systematic difference and a trend to improve between test 1 and test 2. When comparing both microprocessor knees, significant differences in the expected direction were observed, with interpretation in accordance with a functional improvement. Importantly, we highlighted that various strategies to improve the performance in the test might complexify the interpretation of the most detailed measurement. The instrumented Four Square Step test provides reliable measures with satisfactory test-retest reliability and discriminant validity in persons with unilateral transfemoral amputation

Développement d'un score de stabilité chez les personnes présentant des pathologies d'origine neurologique entraînant des troubles de la marche et/ou de l'équilibre

De nombreux troubles ont un retentissement sur le contrôle de l équilibre dynamique au cours de la marche. Qu ils soient d origine traumatique, neurologique, ou liés à la sénescence, ils limitent plus ou moins la stabilité, c est-à-dire la capacité des sujets à récupérer de perturbations internes ou externes, et peuvent conduire à la chute. Chez les enfants, la stabilité est de plus liée aux étapes développementales. Son interprétation nécessite donc de différencier ce qui relève de l instabilité développementale et de l instabilité pathologique. Les techniques instrumentées d analyse du mouvement permettent un enregistrement fiable et précis des paramètres de la marche. Des index ont été développés pour faciliter l évaluation clinique de la marche des patients mais aucun d entre eux ne quantifie l aspect stabilité.Ce travail de thèse a conduit à la production d un score quantifiant la stabilité au travers de la variabilité des paramètres spatiotemporels, enregistrés par une piste de marche électronique. Ce score, dénommé Gait Variability Index (GVI), a été appliqué à des populations, asymptomatiques et pathologiques, représentatives des différents âges de la vie : l enfant, l adulte et la personne âgée. Les résultats obtenus chez des patients affectés de paralysie cérébrale, d ataxie de Friedreich ou cérébrolésés démontrent que le GVI est un outil cohérent pour l évaluation de l instabilité. Outre l intérêt clinique qu il représente, celui-ci ouvre différentes perspectives pour son application et invite à la réflexion quant à la nature perturbatrice ou régulatrice de la variabilité.Many pathologies affect balance control during gait. Traumatic, neurological or age-related disorders can all limit more or less the stability, which is the capacity of subjects to recover from perturbations, and can lead to falls. For children, the stability is related to the developmental stages and its interpretation requires differentiating what pertains to the developmental instability and to the pathological instability. Instrumented movement analysis allows a reliable and precise recording of the gait parameters. Indexes were developed to improve the clinical evaluation of the patients walking but no one of them quantifies the stability feature.This thesis led to the production of a score quantifying the stability through variability of the spatiotemporal parameters, recorded by an electronic walkway system. The score, called Gait Variability Index (GVI), has been applied to asymptomatic and pathological populations, representative of the various ages of life: children, adults and elderly persons. Results for patients affected by cerebral palsy, Friedreich s ataxia or after stroke demonstrate that the GVI is a coherent tool for the evaluation of instability. Beyond the clinical interest, it opens various studies perspectives in gait analysis, and is thought-provoking about the disruptive or regulating nature of variability.PARIS11-SCD-Bib. électronique (914719901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Validity of the Gait Variability Index in older adults: Effect of aging and mobility impairments

International audienceGait variability, defined as the fluctuation in spatiotemporal characteristics between steps, is suggested to be a sensitive indicator of mobility deficits with aging and pathological processes. A challenge in quantifying gait variability is the decision of which spatiotemporal parameters to assess because gait parameters may exhibit different amounts of variability and may differentially relate to mobility performance. The Gait Variability Index (GVI), a composite measure of variability across several gait parameters, was previously developed to overcome this challenge. The present study seeks to validate the use of GVI in the older adult population. A retrospective analysis of gait and clinical data was conducted using data pooled from five prior studies. The final data set included 105 younger adults (YA, age < 65) and 81 older adults (OA, age ≥ 65). The GVI of OA (91.92 ± 8.75) was significantly lower compared to the GVI of YA (100.79 ± 7.99). Within OA, the GVI was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) in individuals with mobility deficits (84.35 ± 9.03) compared to those with high mobility function (96.35 ± 8.86). Furthermore, GVI was associated with mobility function, including walking speed and performance on the Berg Balance Scale. Our findings imply that the GVI is a valid assessment for gauging spatiotemporal gait variability in older adults, is sensitive to differentiate between high-functioning older adults and those with mild to moderate mobility deficits and is associated with some clinical measures of functional mobility and balance

Influence du port d'une orthese sur la mecanique de la marche : etude preliminaire

Le but de cette étude est d'évaluer l'impact du port de différents types d'appareillages de genou (orthèses, strapping) sur la cinématique de la marche de sujets en période de rééducation post ligamentoplastie du ligament croisé antérieur (LCA). Un système optoélectronique nous a permis de capturer le mouvement pendant la phase d'initiation de la marche. L'originalité de notre travail a été de prendre en compte la mécanique humaine dans sa globalité, en ne considérant pas uniquement le membre appareillé. Les résultats obtenus confirment que les appareillages influencent le mouvement mais qu'une étude uniquement basée sur l'observation de la jambe pathologique est insuffisante. En outre, l'effet bénéfique observé en phase précoce de rééducation n'est-il pas nuancé par une possible habituation du sujet à cette condition particulière de marche