Analysis of Power System State Estimation

State Estimation Plays an predominant role in modern power systems. The error in the measurements and the communication system will influence the estimated system state

A CLINICAL STUDY ON ERANDAMULA KSHEERA BASTI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VATAJA GRIDHRASI W.S.R TO SCIATICA

Now a day’s large number of population are suffering from low backache because of lifestyle modification, irregular sitting posture and house hold works. Low backache is a common symptom involving the muscles, nerves and vertebral column. Sciatica refers to pain that radiates along the path of Sciatic nerve. It resembles disease “Gridhrasi” in Ayurveda. Radiating pain is the predominant symptom with stiffness, which will hamper the daily activity of an individual. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of Erandamula Ksheera Basti in Vataja Gridhrasi. A total 10 patients of Vataja Gridhrasi were administered Erandamula Ksheera Basti in Yoga Basti pattern for 8 days. Vataja Gridhrasi lakshanas and SLR Positive were taken as assessment parameters, which showed significant results. Hence, Erandamula Ksheera Basti has better effect on patients of Vataja Gridhrasi

A CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF SARVANGA UDVARTANA FOLLOWED BY VIRECHANA KARMA AS ROOKSHA POORVAKA SHODHANA IN AMAVATA W.S.R TO RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

The change in the classification of Rheumatoid Arthritis under various headings over the past few decades gives an insight to the pathology that requires a deeper understanding.  Considering the role of immune mediating cells, progressive involvement of multiple joints & other systems, reduction in functional capacity, no other group of diseases is responsible for greater loss of earnings. The incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis increases between 25 and 55years of age, after which it plateaus until the age of 75 and then decreases.Ayurveda understands this disease on the lines of Ama formation, Agni mandhya in rasa vaha srotas primarily, which over time dysfunctions all the 3 Agni (Jatharagni, Dhatwagni, Bhootagni) resulting in Sthabdham kurute gatram. The mainstay of treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis comprises the early use of Disease Modifying Anti Rheumatic Drugs & Corticosteroids for induction of remission. As Amavata is an Abhishyandha pradhana vyadhi, adopting any snigdha modality of treatment will cause complications, hence identifying the degree of Sama - Nirama avastha in Amavata, Rookshana is to be done prior to any Snigdha chikitsa. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Rookshana before Virechana Karma in the management of Amavata / Rheumatoid Arthritis. In this present clinical trial conducted in Varsha rtu, 10 diagnosed patients of Amavata / Rheumatoid Arthritis were selected. Statistical analysis showed highly significant improvement p <0.001 in almost all subjective & objective parameters of Amavata

Exploring unusual metastasis in carcinoma breast: Divulging vulval metastasis

Regional lymph nodes, bones, brain, lung, and liver are the most common sites of the breast carcinoma metastases. Nodular or ulcerated lesions over the vulva are ignored for a long time as benign lesions by the patient and there is a lot of hesitance to undergo the examination. Here, we report the case of a 41-year-old female with an isolated, asymptomatic vulval metastasis of Invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The purpose of reporting this case is to make the clinicians aware of this rare site of metastasis of breast cancer and the importance of pelvic examination in follow-up patients

The Adjuvanticity of an O. volvulus-Derived rOv-ASP-1 Protein in Mice Using Sequential Vaccinations and in Non-Human Primates

Adjuvants potentiate antigen-specific protective immune responses and can be key elements promoting vaccine effectiveness. We previously reported that the Onchocerca volvulus recombinant protein rOv-ASP-1 can induce activation and maturation of naïve human DCs and therefore could be used as an innate adjuvant to promote balanced Th1 and Th2 responses to bystander vaccine antigens in mice. With a few vaccine antigens, it also promoted a Th1-biased response based on pronounced induction of Th1-associated IgG2a and IgG2b antibody responses and the upregulated production of Th1 cytokines, including IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6. However, because it is a protein, the rOv-ASP-1 adjuvant may also induce anti-self-antibodies. Therefore, it was important to verify that the host responses to self will not affect the adjuvanticity of rOv-ASP-1 when it is used in subsequent vaccinations with the same or different vaccine antigens. In this study, we have established rOv-ASP-1's adjuvanticity in mice during the course of two sequential vaccinations using two vaccine model systems: the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV spike protein and a commercial influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) vaccine comprised of three virus strains. Moreover, the adjuvanticity of rOv-ASP-1 was retained with an efficacy similar to that obtained when it was used for a first vaccination, even though a high level of anti-rOv-ASP-1 antibodies was present in the sera of mice before the administration of the second vaccine. To further demonstrate its utility as an adjuvant for human use, we also immunized non-human primates (NHPs) with RBD plus rOv-ASP-1 and showed that rOv-ASP-1 could induce high titres of functional and protective anti-RBD antibody responses in NHPs. Notably, the rOv-ASP-1 adjuvant did not induce high titer antibodies against self in NHPs. Thus, the present study provided a sound scientific foundation for future strategies in the development of this novel protein adjuvant

SRI-A Method for Sustainable Intensification of Rice Production with Enhanced Water Productivity

Climate change induced higher temperatures will increase crops’ water requirements. Every 10°C increase in mean temperature, results in 7% decline in the yield of rice crop. Hence, there is a need to develop water saving technologies in rice which consumes more than 50% of the total irrigation water in agriculture. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is one such water saving rice production technology. Experiments were conducted at different locations in India including research farm of Directorate of Rice Research (DRR), Hyderabad, during 2005-10 to assess the potential of SRI in comparison to normal transplanting/Standard Planting (NTP/SP) under flooded condition. SRI recorded higher grain yield (6 to 65% over NTP) at majority of locations. Long term studies clearly indicated that grain yield was significantly higher (12-23% and 4-35% over NTP in Kharif and Rabi seasons, respectively) in SRI (with organic+inorganic fertilizers) while the SRI (with100% organic manures), recorded higher yield (4-34%) over NTP only in the Rabi seasons. Even though, SRI resulted in higher productivity, the available nutrient status in soil was marginally higher (10, 42 and 13% over NTP for N, P and K, respectively) at the end of four seasons. There was a reduction in the incidence of pests in SRI and the relative abundance of plant parasitic nematodes was low in SRI as compared to the NTP. About 31% and 37% saving in irrigation water was observed during Kharif and Rabi seasons, respectively in both methods of SRI cultivation over NTP. SRI performed well and consistently reduced requirement of inputs such as seed and water in different soil conditions. SRI method, using less water for rice production can help in overcoming water shortage in future and it can also make water available for growing other crops thus promoting crop diversificatio

Massively Parallel Sequencing and Analysis of the Necator americanus Transcriptome

The blood-feeding hookworm Necator americanus infects hundreds of millions of people. To elucidate fundamental molecular biological aspects of this hookworm, the transcriptome of adult Necator americanus was studied using next-generation sequencing and in silico analyses. Contigs (n = 19,997) were assembled from the sequence data; 6,771 of them had known orthologues in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and most encoded proteins with WD40 repeats (10.6%), proteinase inhibitors (7.8%) or calcium-binding EF-hand proteins (6.7%). Bioinformatic analyses inferred that C. elegans homologues are involved mainly in biological pathways linked to ribosome biogenesis (70%), oxidative phosphorylation (63%) and/or proteases (60%). Comparative analyses of the transcriptomes of N. americanus and the canine hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, revealed qualitative and quantitative differences. Essential molecules were predicted using a combination of orthology mapping and functional data available for C. elegans. Further analyses allowed the prioritization of 18 predicted drug targets which did not have human homologues. These candidate targets were inferred to be linked to mitochondrial metabolism or amino acid synthesis. This investigation provides detailed insights into the transcriptome of the adult stage of N. americanus