TO EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF GUDUCHYADI YOGA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RAKTACHAPADHIKYATA OR ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION-A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL

Hypertension is the most pressing public health challenges. It is estimated that approximately 1 billion people are suffering from high blood pressure and the numbers are to increase to 2.5 billion by 2025. Raktachaapadhikya is the coined term for increased blood pressure given by recent authors where it can be understood as the pathology of Vyanvayu. The usage of Guduchyadi Yoga has been highlighted in the classics of Ayurveda for targeting the Hridaya sthitha vayu, which has not been evaluated yet. Aim: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Navahridaya Kalpa (standard drug) and Guduchyadi Yoga (trial drug) for management of essential hypertension. Materials and Methods: A simple randomized controlled clinical study where 40 patients were equally divided as group A: Navahridaya kalpa (standard drug) and Group B: Guduchyadi yoga (trial drug) for a period of one month. Observations and results: The study result revealed that both the groups were beneficial in reducing high blood pressure however with no statistically significant difference found between the groups with p value being 0.339 for standard drug and 0.363 for trial drug. The group B was also found to be effective in reducing systolic blood pressure of stage I hypertension with p value .044 on comparing between the groups. Conclusion: The Guduchyadi yoga acts as Rasayana with the property of rejuvenation and antihypertensive which will check the high blood pressure at a very minimum cost without having any major adverse effects in the patients and hence can be advocated for use on a daily a basis

The Effect of Copper and Brass on Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Aluminium Alloy When Used in Thin Sheet Form

In recent year’s aluminium and aluminium alloys are most widely used in many applications because of light weight, good formability and malleability, corrosion resistance, moderate strength and low cost. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process is an efficient and cost-effective method for welding aluminium and aluminium alloys. FSW is a solid-state welding process that means the material is not melted during the process. Complete welding process accomplishes below the melting point of materials so it overcomes many welding defects that usually happens with conventional fusion welding technique which was initially used for low melting materials. Though this process is initially developed for low melting materials but now the process is widely used for a variety of other materials including titanium, steel and also for composites. The present butt jointed FSW experimental work has been done in two ways. Initially, a comparison of tensile properties of friction stir (FS) welded similar aluminium alloy (AA6351 with AA6351) and dissimilar aluminium alloy (AA6351 with AA5083) combinations. Later the effect of impurities (copper and brass) in sheet form (0.1 mm thick) when used as an insert in between two dissimilar aluminium (AA6351 with AA5083) alloy plates during FSW. Tensile tests were performed for these combinations and results were compared for with and without using strip material (copper and brass)

A controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Janu Basti and Asthi Shrinkhala in management of Janusandhigata Vata w.s.r to Osteoarthritis

Background : Sandhigata Vata is characterized by Shoola (pain), Shopha (swelling) and restricted movement of affected joints. Osteoarthritis is characterized by inflammation of joints, marked by progressive cartilage damage as a result of age related degenerative change or trauma. Sandhigata Vata correlates with Osteoarthritis. Objectives - The present study was intended to evaluate and compare the efficacy of Asthishrinkhala (Trial drug) and Glucosamine sulfate (Control drug) in Janusandhigatavata w.s.r to Osteoarthritis. Materials and Method - 40 subjects diagnosed with Janusandhigatavata were randomly assigned into two equal groups comprising of 20 subjects each. Subjects of Group A received Janubasti with Mahavishagarbha Taila and Tab. Glucosamine sulfate 500mg 1 T.I.D after food and subjects of Group B received Janubasti with Mahavishagarbha Taila and Tab. Asthishrinkhala 500mg 1 T.I.D after food for a duration of 30 days. Observation and Results - In the present study, Asthishrinkhala and Glucosamine sulfate both were beneficial in reducing the symptoms of Janu Sandhigata Vata. On comparison between the groups, Glucosamine sulfate was more in beneficial in reducing the symptom of Janu Sandhigata Vata compared to Asthishrinkhala. However there was a statistically non significant result between groups, overall the subjects on glucosamine sulfate expressed greater benefit compared to Asthishrinkhala. Conclusion - Both the drugs were beneficial in managing the symptoms of Sandigatavata, but overall the subjects treated with glucosamine sulfate expressed greater benefits compared to subjects treated with Asthishrinkhala

Método simple para purificación de destilados de desodorización de aceites de salvado Arroz (Oryza sativa) de India y preparación de fitosteroles

Samples of rice bran oil deodorizer distillates (RBO DOD-1 and RBO DOD-2) were studied for their physicochemical characteristics. The samples were semisolid and had a dark color. The free fatty acid values were 59.2% and 86.0%, the unsaponifiable matter was 18.7% and 7.75% and the phytosterol contents were 8.71% and 4.22%, respectively for the deodorizer distillates studied. A simple method of silica gel percolation was developed to purify DOD to obtain phytosterol concentrate fractions (PCF) and a brown color and bad odor fraction (BCBOF). The color values were reduced by 72.8% and 73.0% of lovibond units in the PCF for DOD-1 and DOD-2 respectively, had no bad odor and were increased in the phytosterol concentration to 12.4% and 5.9%. The PCF was further processed to prepare high purity phytosterols. An HPLC analysis of the phytosterol mixture showed it to be formed by β-sitosterol (38.2%), stigmasterol (34.9%), campesterol (9.5%) and other sterols (17.4%).Se estudiaron las características físico-químicas de muestras de destilados de desodorización de aceites de salvado de arroz (RBO DOD-1 y RBO DOD-2). Las muestras eran semi-sólidas y tenían un color oscuro. Los valores de ácidos grasos libres fueron 59,2% y 86,0%, materia insaponificable 18,7% y 7,75% y contenido de fitoesteroles de 8,71% y 4,22%, respectivamente, para los destilados de desodorización estudiados. Se desarrolló un método simple de filtración mediante sílica gel para purificar DOD y obtener concentrados de fitosteroles (PCF) y una fracción de color marrón y olor desagradable (BCBOF). Los valores de color se redujeron en un 72,8% y el 73,0% de unidades Lovibond en el PCF para DOD-1 y DOD-2, respectivamente, no tenían mal olor y aumentaron su concentración en fitoesteroles al 12,4% y 5,9%. El PCF se procesó adicionalmente para preparar fitosteroles de alta pureza. El análisis por HPLC mostró que la mezcla de fitosteroles estaba formada por β-sitosterol (38,2%), estigmasterol (34,9%), campesterol (9,5%) y otros esteroles (17,4%)

Antioxidantes naturales de aceites de semillas de Moringa oleifera variedad Jaffna de origen indio en comparación con otros aceites vegetales

The Moringa oleifera crop is grown all over India for its nutritious pods, leaves and seeds. M. oleifera seeds are endowed with a high oil content (~39%) which resembles olive oil because of its high oleic acid content (~65-75%). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the natural antioxidants of crude seed kernel oil from the Jaffna variety of M. oleifera (MSO). Natural antioxidants like tocopherols and phenolics as well as minor compounds such as sterols and carotenoids present in MSO and its radical scavenging activity were measured in comparison to dried coconut kernel (copra) crude oil (CNO), crude sesame oil (SESO), crude niger seed oil (NSO), crude palm oil (CPO), crude rice bran oil (RBO) and commercially refined groundnut oil (GNO). MSO contained 88 ppm of total tocopherols with α- tocopherol (56.2 ppm) being the major tocopherol. MSO also contained 117.9 ppm of total phenolics with gallic acid (48.5 ppm) being the major phenolic. MSO contained fair amounts of sterols (1700.8 ppm) and carotenoids (17.9 ppm). MSO showed an IC50 value of 35.5 mg mL–1. This study indicates that MSO has antioxidant characteristics which are better than CNO and comparable to those of GNO.Las cosechas de Moringa oleifera se cultivan en toda la India por sus nutritivas vainas, sus hojas y sus semillas. Las semillas de M. oleifera están dotadas de un buen contenido de aceite (~39%) y se asemejan al aceite de oliva debido a su alto contenido de ácido oleico (~65-75%). El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los antioxidantes naturales de aceites crudos de semillas de M. oleifera variedad de Jaffna (MSO). Los antioxidantes naturales como tocoferoles y fenoles así como esteroles, carotenoides presentes en MSO y su actividad de captación de radicales se midió en comparación con los de aceite crudos de coco desecado (copra) (CNO), de sésamo (SESO), de semilla de niger (NSO), de palma (CPO), de salvado de arroz (RBO) y de cacahuete refinado comercial (GNO). MSO contenía 88 ppm de tocoferoles totales, siendo α-tocoferol el mayoritario (56,2 ppm). MSO también contenía 117,9 ppm de fenoles totales siendo el ácido gálico (48,5 ppm) el mayoritario. MSO contenía también cantidades importantes de esteroles (1700,8 ppm) y carotenoides (17,9 ppm). MSO mostró un valor de CI50 de 35,5 mg mL–1. El estudio indica que MSO tiene características antioxidantes mejores que CNO y comparable con las de GNO

CONVECTION AND MECHANICAL LOAD ANALYSIS THE COUPLING GASOLINE ENGINE PISTON

With a clear analysis program elements, it has been a clear analysis of three-dimensional element to the gasoline engine piston. Given the state of the thermal boundary conditions of stress and strain distribution of the piston under the influence of thermal coupling of the load pressure and the explosion they were calculated, which provides a reference for improving the design. The results show that the main reason for the safety of the piston, and the deformation of the piston and the pressure is great temperature, so it is possible to further reduce in piston temperature with an improved structure

A Randomized Comparative Clinical Study to evaluate the effect of Bodhi Vruksha Twak Kashaya with Madhu and Guduchi Kashaya in the Management of Vatarakta with special reference to Gouty Arthritis

Background: Vatarakta is a disease which is said to affect the population indulging in sedentary lifestyle. In today’s era the evolution of technology has reached a point where pretty much anything is available at the touch of a button. The lifestyle of today’s population is breeding ground for diseases like Vatarakta. Based on the causes, signs and symptoms, Vatarakta may be correlated to gouty arthritis in contemporary medicine. Gout affects about 2.1 million worldwide. Its prevalence is increasing; moreover it is a potential signal for unrecognized co-morbidities like obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and renal diseases. In India the prevalence of gout is 2-6 per 1000. The purpose of this study is to explore and find out an effective, less expensive, easily available and well accepted drug with minimal or no complications for this dreadful condition. Materials and Methods: 40 patients diagnosed with Vatarakta w.s.r Gouty Arthritis were assigned randomly into 2 groups. Group A, were administered Bodhi Vruksha Twak Kashaya 50ml B.I.D with Madhu and Group B were administered Guduchi Kashaya 50ml B.I.D for a duration of 30 days. Assessment was done on day 0, day 15, day 30, and day 45. Observations and Results: In the present study Group A showed statistical significant results in all the parameters except for Sandhishotha and group B showed statistical significant result in Sandhishoola, Sandhidaha, Sparshasahaishnuta and uric acid levels. Conclusion: Overall result shows patients treated with Guduchi Kashaya showed better results than patients treated with Bodhi Vruksha Twak Kashaya with Madhu in Vatarakta with special reference to Gouty Arthritis

An index based road feature extraction from LANDSAT-8 OLI images

Road feature extraction from the remote sensing images is an arduous task and has a significant role in various applications of urban planning, updating the maps, traffic management, etc. In this paper, a new band combination (B652) to form a road index (RI) from OLI multispectral bands based on the spectral reflectance of asphalt, is presented for road feature extraction. The B652 is converted to road index by normalization. The morphological operators (top-hat or bottom-hat) uses on RI to enhance the roads. To sharpen the edges and for better discrimination of features, shock square filter (SSF), is proposed. Then, an iterative adaptive threshold (IAT) based online search with variational min-max and Markov random fields (MRF) model are used on the SSF image to segment the roads and non-roads. The roads are extracting by using the rules based on the connected component analysis. IAT and MRF model segmentation methods prove the proposed index (RI) able to extract road features productively. The proposed methodology is a combination of saturation based adaptive thresholding and morphology (SATM), and saturation based MRF (SMRF), applied to OLI images of several urban cities of India, producing the satisfactory results. The experimental results with the quantitative analysis presented in the paper