Development Towards A Preliminary ‘Risk Prediction Hazard Model’ For Nosocomial Infection In Adult Intensive Care Units In Malaysia

Device-associated nosocomial infection (NI) increases the mortality and morbidity rate (>30%) and healthcare costs. Studies on NI were limited in Malaysia. Most studies were retrospective or on point prevalence. Gap in Knowledge (K), Attitude (A), Practice (P) studies on prevention of ICU-acquired NIs were not available in Malaysia. The objectives of the study were to (i) identify the incidence, bacterial patterns and predictors of device-associated NI, (ii) to identify the gap in KAP in infection control practices related to device-associated nosocomial infections, (iii) to develop and evaluate an intervention program and (iv) to develop a preliminary bed-side calculator to detect NI. This study was done in three phases

Relationship Between Interview Performance And Job Performance Of Executives

This study exammes the relationship between the overall score of interview questionaire with the end of three months appraisal and the end of one year appraisal. Two moderating variables, work experience and qualification were also studies. The sample size used were 102 employees. The results shows that work experience and qualification has no moderating effect on the model. However there exist significant correlation between overall score of interview questionaire and end of one year perfonnance appraisal. The correlation between the overall score of interview questionaire and end of three months performance appraisal shows no significant correlation

Original Article Ventilator-associated nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care units in

Background: The outcome indicator of nosocomial infection (NI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) is used to benchmark the quality of patient care in Malaysia. We conducted a three-year prospective study on the incidences of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), risk factors, and patterns of the microorganisms isolated in three ICUs. Methodology: A follow-up in prospective cohort surveillance was conducted on patients admitted to an adult medical-surgical ICU of a university hospital and two governmental hospitals in Malaysia from October 2003 to December 2006. VAP was detected using CDC criteria which included clinical manifestation and confirmed endotracheal secretion culture results. Results: In total, 215 patients (2,306 patient-days) were enrolled into the study. The incidence of ICU-acquired device-related NI was 29.3 % (n = 63). The device-related VAP infection rate was 27.0 % (n = 58), with a mechanical ventilator utilization rate of 88.7%. The death rate due to all ICU-acquired NI including sepsis was 6.5%. The most common causative pathogen was Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 27). Multivariate analysis using Cox regression showed that the risk factors identified were aspiration pneumonia (HR = 4.09; 95 % CI = 1.24, 13.51; P = 0.021), cancer (HR = 2.51; 95 % CI = 1.27, 4.97; P = 0.008), leucocytosis (HR=3.43; 95 % CI = 1.60, 7.37; P=0.002) and duration of mechanical ventilation (HR=1.04; 95 % CI = 1.00, 1.08; P = 0.030). Age, gender and race were not identified as risk factors in the multivariable analysis performed