Perfectionism, Shame, and Imposter Phenomenon in Health Science Students and Other Students

Undergraduate education is challenging for most students, bridging the path from teenager to young adult while continuing their education. All students will take difficult courses that could affect their mentality. Student mentality is operationally defined using three concepts: perfectionism, shame proneness, and imposter phenomenon. Perfectionism is the striving towards unrealistic and impossible to reach standards. Shame is a negative emotion students can feel when they deem themselves flawed or deficient instead of identifying specific actions as flawed. Imposter phenomenon occurs when someone who, although successful, believes himself or herself to be a fraud who will inevitably fail. Investigation into how the course demands of an undergraduate major affect student mentality can inform us about our undergraduate education system. A non-probability convenience sampling survey was sent to students to determine if pre-health science students differ from other students in perfectionism, shame proneness, or imposter phenomenon. This study reports no statistically significant difference among students\u27 scores when sorted by major. Our findings do, however, show correlations between self-oriented perfectionism, shame proneness, and imposter phenomenon. This supports the reinforcing cycle among our variables found in previous literature

A Comparison of Capacity for Resilience Among Coastal Communities in the Northeast U.S. and the Northern Gulf of Mexico Region

Coastal communities face many threats from their surrounding environment, including floods and severe storms. These threats are exacerbated by climate change and sea level rise, which may cause increased frequency and severity of these events. Despite these hazards, population density along the coasts continues to rise. These areas of dense population and infrastructure are highly vulnerable to extreme weather events. Hurricane Sandy of 2012 was a powerful demonstration of the impact that severe storms can have on coastal populations. In the face of this reality, coastal communities must adapt and become more resilient to environmental changes. In order to assess the relative capacity for resilience of communities in the Northeastern U.S., I created a resilience capacity index following the methods of Baker (2009) and Reams et al. (2012). I analyzed 43 variables for 60 coastal communities in New York and New Jersey. I used a principal component analysis, which resulted in 6 components explaining 72% of the variance. The results were compared to those of Cutter et al. (2003) and Reams et al. (2012). Finally, I performed a bivariate analysis to determine if there was a correlation between post-disaster federal assistance and resilience capacity. The results show that New Jersey has an overall higher resilience capacity than New York, and that within New York, the counties along the Great Lakes had a lower capacity for resilience than the counties on the Atlantic coast of the state. While the results of the study show interesting patterns of resilience capacity, verification methods are needed to validate findings of resilience capacity. Nevertheless, policy-makers can use these results to hone in on areas that need further study

The Effect Of Empowerment Interventions Of An Interdisciplinary Team On The Self-Esteem Of Homeless Adolescent Girls

Low self-esteem has often been a term synonymous with powerlessness, and powerlessness has been identified as a health risk. Many homeless girls have experienced a high incidence of physical and emotional health problems. This quasi-experimental study examined the interventions intended to improve self-esteem in homeless adolescent girls. The interventions were designed to improve knowledge, skills and self-awareness in order to better equip them for self-care. The nursing theory upon which these interventions were founded was Orem\u27s Self-Care Deficit Theory. The interdisciplinary approach to the problem was determined by an assessment of self-care deficits. Interventions were categorized by Orem\u27s (1991) methods of assisting: acting or doing for; guiding; teaching; supporting; and providing a developmental environment (p.6). The researcher hypothesized that after a four week stay at Covenant House New Orleans, and participation in empowerment interventions, adolescent girls would have higher self-esteem scores than at the time of intake. Participants were given a pre-test consisting of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and a researcher-designed questionnaire about their self concepts. The post-test was the same test with the addition of a listing of programs offered at the shelter for them to rate in terms of helpfulness. RSES scores were analyzed using the dependent t-test statistic while additional information was analyzed descriptively. Since ;t(18)=-1.2, p=.12, the researcher failed to reject the null-hypothesis. However, descriptive analysis of open-ended questions did suggest improvements in subjects\u27 self-concept after the interventions. Additional findings were perhaps more helpful in terms of understanding self-esteem in homeless adolescent females. Because many subjects scored high on the initial pre-test RSES, and because most of them were parenting, the researcher suggests that parenting teens gain self-esteem from taking care of their children. Other findings comparing the group who dropped out of the study with the study group who stayed for the interventions supported the concept that the youth who leave may be the most at-risk group. The implication for nursing is to establish an outreach effort to follow the youth after they leave the shelter. Recommendations for future research using a larger sample, and a longer time for interventions are suggested

Examining university food systems : understanding student food insecurity levels and food waste at minority-serving institutions

This quantitative study investigated food insecurity levels and attitudes and behaviors towards food waste at minority-serving colleges (MSIs). A validated survey from the United States Department of Agriculture\u27s (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Modules (AFSSM) was used to assess food security population levels. Paper 1 of the three included is a case study at a MSI (n = 229) that examined food security levels. No significant relationships at the p \u3c .05 were found between food security and student ethnicity, living arrangements, meal plan enrollments, or grade-point averages. Paper 2 examined food security at three MSIs (n = 449) and two traditional, diverse schools (TDUs; n = 236). Food security levels between MSIs and TDUs were shown to be statistically significant (p \u3c .05), while levels of student financial aid participation between MSIs and TDUs were not statistically significant. A comparison of food security levels at regional-state colleges in Delaware and Maryland reveal a significant difference in levels of food security (p \u3c .05). The third paper found no significant relationship between students (n = 222) who were exposed to food waste education campaigns and reported levels of food waste behaviors. No statistical significance could be discerned between meal plan offerings and reported plate waste, which is food thrown away by consumers after a meal

Examining University Food Systems: Understanding Student Food insecurity Levels and Food Waste at Minority-Serving institutions

This quantitative study investigated food insecurity levels and attitudes and behaviors towards food waste at minority-serving colleges (MSIs). A validated survey from the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Adult Food Security Survey Modules (AFSSM) was used to assess food security population levels. Paper 1 of the three included is a case study at a MSI (n = 229) that examined food security levels. No significant relationships at the p \u3c .05 were found between food security and student ethnicity, living arrangements, meal plan enrollments, or grade-point averages. Paper 2 examined food security at three MSIs (n = 449) and two traditional, diverse schools (TDUs; n = 236). Food security levels between MSIs and TDUs were shown to be statistically significant (p \u3c .05), while levels of student financial aid participation between MSIs and TDUs were not statistically significant. A comparison of food security levels at regional-state colleges in Delaware and Maryland reveal a significant difference in levels of food security (p \u3c .05). The third paper found no significant relationship between students (n = 222) who were exposed to food waste education campaigns and reported levels of food waste behaviors. No statistical significance could be discerned between meal plan offerings and reported plate waste, which is food thrown away by consumers after a meal

Reconstruction of earth fissures 3-D from videos

Earth fissures are pervasive cracks that develop on valley floors as a consequence of land subsidence associated with extensive groundwater withdrawal. To capture geometrical, geological and geotechnical information of ground fissures is of paramount importance for their characterization. Recent advances in remote sensing techniques and the accessibility to remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) as well as the evolution of onboard digital cameras enable the capture of digital photos and videos. Using digital photos along with the Structure from Motion (SfM) technique and following certain strategies, we can reconstruct a 3-D model of the earth fissures under study. This technique requires digital photos, but when a digital video is available, we can convert it into a set of frames and equally apply the procedure. Besides, the extraction of frames from a video assures a key condition for the SfM technique: the overlap between photos. The resulting 3-D model should be scaled and oriented using a rigid transformation matrix or even better including ground control points (GCP) into the captured photos or frames. The latter enables the geo-referencing of the point cloud and the correction of linear and non-linear deformations. In this work, the proposed methodology is illustrated through the application of SfM technique to a high-resolution video downloaded from YouTube (i.e. https://youtu.be/9xdAnftBKvY, last access: 20 February 2020). The video shows a mile-long earth fissure that appeared sometime between March 2014 and December 2014 near the Tator Hills (Arizona, USA) over Quaternary sediments. The Arizona Geological Survey captured these videos using an RPAS. The frames of the video were downloaded and extracted using a simple Matlab code. Then, we sub-sampled the frames and processed them using the software Agisoft Metashape Professional. Finally, we got metric data from Google Earth and generated a 3-D model. The quality of the 3-D model strongly depends on the quality of the photos and the GCP. However, this study shows the potential of this technique, instrumentation and data available on Internet for the development of 3-D point clouds and 3-D models for the detailed analysis of earth fissures.This research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER) (grant no. TEC2017-85244-C2-1-P), the UNESCO (grant no. ICGP641 project), the Universidad de Alicante (grant no. GRE17-11), the Universidad de Alicante (grant no. GRE18-15), and the Universidad de Alicante (grant no. vigrob-157)

Epidemiology and Outcomes of Hospitalized Adults with SARS-CoV-2 Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Louisville, Kentucky

Background: During the ongoing pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), SARS-CoV-2 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has been the primary cause of hospitalization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 1,013 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 CAP from September 2020 through March 2021 in Louisville, Kentucky. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of 1,013 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 CAP at eight of the adult hospitals in the city of Louisville from September 2020 through March 2021. Patients with 1) a positive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2, 2) fever, cough, or shortness of breath, and 3) an infiltrate on chest imaging were defined as having SARS-CoV-2 CAP. Data were abstracted from each hospital’s electronic health record. Descriptive statistics were performed on clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP. Demographic characteristics of the study population were compared with census data from the city of Louisville. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using R version 3.4.0. Results: Of the 1,013 patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 CAP, the median age was 65 years, 53% were males, 24% reported their race as African American or Black, and 6% identified as Hispanic. The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension (73%), obesity (56%), and diabetes (43%). At the time of admission, 60% required supplemental oxygen. The mortality rate was 19% for the total population and 45% for the 359 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). For each comorbidity, the proportion of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP was significantly different from the Louisville population (P Conclusions: The elderly, males, and patients with a history of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, or obesity are overrepresented among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP compared to the Louisville population. These patients are also more likely to require ICU care and experience worse clinical outcomes, with death occurring in approximately one in every five hospitalizations

Tectonic model for development of the Byrd Glacier discontinuity and surrounding regions of the Transantarctic Mountains during Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic

The Byrd Glacier discontinuity us a major boundary crossing the Ross Orogen, with crystalline rocks to the north and primarily sedimentary rocks to the south. Most models for the tectonic development of the Ross Orogen in the central Transantarctic Mountains consits of two-dimensional transects across the belt, but do not adress the major longitudinal contrast at Byrd Glacier. This paper presents a tectonic model centering on the Byrd Glacier discontinuity. Rifting in the Neoproterozoic producede a crustal promontory in the craton margin to the north of Byrd Glacier. Oblique convergence of the terrane (Beardmore microcontinent) during the latest Neroproterozoic and Early Cambrian was accompanied by subduction along the craton margin of East Antarctica. New data presented herein in the support of this hypothesis are U-Pb dates of 545.7 ± 6.8 Ma and 531.0 ± 7.5 Ma on plutonic rocks from the Britannia Range, subduction stepped out, and Byrd Glacier. After docking of the terrane, subduction stepped out, and Byrd Group was deposited during the Atdabanian-Botomian across the inner margin of the terrane. Beginning in the upper Botomian, reactivation of the sutured boundaries of the terrane resulted in an outpouring of clastic sediment and folding and faulting of the Byrd Group