Un nuevo taxon de Armeria (Plumbaginaceae) propio de la Cordillera Ibérica central

Se describe Armeria arenaria subsp. madoricola, un nuevo taxon descubierto hace algunos años en los Montes Universales, entre las provincias de Teruel y Cuenca. Aunque puede relacionarse con otras subespecies de A. arenaria, algunos caracteres morfológicos permiten diferenciarla con facilidad. La nueva subespecie crece en sustratos húmedos y un tanto nitrificados, mostrando un comportamiento llamativo y atípico respecto al resto de táxones ibéricos del género. Además, se discuten sus afinidades y diferencias con otros congéneres y se aportan datos sobre su distribución y ecología.Armeria arenaria subsp. madoricola is described from materials harvested in Montes Universales, between Teruel and Cuenca provinces (E of Spain). Although it is related to other subspecies of the A. arenaria aggregate, several morphological characters allow easy differentiation. The new taxon occurs on wet, moderately nitrified soils, therefore showing a peculiar ecological behaviour rather atypical in the rest of Iberian representatives of this genus. Affinities and divergences with other taxa are discussed, and data on distribution and ecology are also reported

Validación de un nombre en Biscutella (Brassicaceae) del este de la Península Ibérica

The name Biscutella marinae is applied to an endemic plant from co-astal sand-dune ecosystems of northern Alicante. It however was not published accor-ding to the Melbourne Code, and therefore it still remains nomenclaturally invalid. In the present contribution it is validated, and new data are reported that complete the available information on that endemic.El nombre Biscutella marinae se aplica a un endemismo de los ecosistemas de dunas costeras del norte de Alicante. Sin embargo, su publicación ini-cial no se hizo conforme al Codigo de Melbourne, por lo que dicho nombre no es váli-do nomenclaturalmente. Por ello, aquí se valida y se aportan datos que completan la in-formación existente sobre este endemismo.This work was partly supported by the I+D+i research project CGL2011–30140 from MICINN (Mº de Economía y Competitividad, Spanish Government). The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, New York, supported the type di-gitization for the Global Plant Initiative (GPI)

Effect of activation cross section uncertainties in the assessment of primary damage for MFE/IFE low-activation steels irradiated in IFMIF

The present study is mainly aimed to provide the primary damage (displacements per atom, generation of solid transmutants and gas production rates) of structural materials irradiated in the high and medium flux test modules of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF). We have investigated if the change of the composition during the irradiation time has effect on the prediction of the atomic displacements. The effect of the activation cross section uncertainties in the assessment of both solid transmutants and hydrogen and helium production is also analyzed. The results are provided elementby- element, so that the primary damage of any material irradiated in such neutron environments can be easily assessed; in this paper, we have predicted the primary damage of the low activation steel Eurofer

Optimized design of local shielding for the IFMIF/EVEDA beam dump

This paper describes the local shielding design process of the IFMIF/EVEDA Beam Dump and the most relevant results obtained from the simulations. Different geometries and materials have been considered, and the design has been optimized taking into account the origin of the doses, the effect of the walls of the accelerator vault and the space restrictions. The initial idea was to shield the beam stopper with a large water tank of easy transport and dismantling but it was shown to be insufficient to satisfy the dose limit requirements, basically due to photon dose, and hence a denser shield combining hydrogenous and heavy materials was preferred. It will be shown that, with this new shielding, dose rate outside the accelerator vault during operation comply with the legal limits and unrestricted maintenance operations inside most of the vault are possible after a reasonable cooling time after shutdown

Contribución al patrón alimenticio y de actividad de las poblaciones del Norte peninsular. Fuentenegroso, Asturias

En este artículo se recogen los indicadores de actividad y paleodieta de único enterramiento del Bronce Final - Hierro conocido en Asturias contrastándolos con datos antropológicos de poblaciones cercanas y los registros paleobotánicos obtenidos en los castros ocupados durante el mismo momento. Como en la chica de Fuentenegroso, se repiten las huellas de esfuerzos físicos de carga, y los datos de los últimos años obtenidos en los poblados abogan por una alimentación variada de fuerte componente agrícola, inserta en un ambiente de deforestación e intensificación de la acción antrópica. Datos funerarios y habitacionales del oriente asturiano se concretan en una economía productiva de base cerealista, con cultivos de huerta y una organizada recolección pareja a una ganadería dominada por el vacuno

Structural and Dynamical Patterns on Online Social Networks: the Spanish May 15th Movement as a case study

The number of people using online social networks in their everyday life is continuously growing at a pace never saw before. This new kind of communication has an enormous impact on opinions, cultural trends, information spreading and even in the commercial success of new products. More importantly, social online networks have revealed as a fundamental organizing mechanism in recent country-wide social movements. In this paper, we provide a quantitative analysis of the structural and dynamical patterns emerging from the activity of an online social network around the ongoing May 15th (15M) movement in Spain. Our network is made up by users that exchanged tweets in a time period of one month, which includes the birth and stabilization of the 15M movement. We characterize in depth the growth of such dynamical network and find that it is scale-free with communities at the mesoscale. We also find that its dynamics exhibits typical features of critical systems such as robustness and power-law distributions for several quantities. Remarkably, we report that the patterns characterizing the spreading dynamics are asymmetric, giving rise to a clear distinction between information sources and sinks. Our study represent a first step towards the use of data from online social media to comprehend modern societal dynamics.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure

The striking geographical pattern of gastric cancer mortality in Spain: environmental hypotheses revisited

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gastric cancer is decreasing in most countries. While socioeconomic development is the main factor to which this decline has been attributed, enormous differences among countries and within regions are still observed, with the main contributing factors remaining elusive. This study describes the geographic distribution of gastric cancer mortality at a municipal level in Spain, from 1994-2003.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Smoothed relative risks of stomach cancer mortality were obtained, using the Besag-York-Molliè autoregressive spatial model. Maps depicting relative risk (RR) estimates and posterior probabilities of RR being greater than 1 were plotted.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>From 1994-2003, 62184 gastric cancer deaths were registered in Spain (7 percent of all deaths due to malignant tumors). The geographic pattern was similar for both sexes. RRs displayed a south-north and coast-inland gradient, with lower risks being observed in Andalusia, the Mediterranean coastline, the Balearic and Canary Islands and the Cantabrian seaboard. The highest risk was concentrated along the west coast of Galicia, broad areas of the Castile & Leon Autonomous community, the province of Cáceres in Extremadura, Lleida and other areas of Catalonia.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In Spain, risk of gastric cancer mortality displays a striking geographic distribution. With some differences, this persistent and unique pattern is similar across the sexes, suggesting the implication of environmental exposures from sources, such as diet or ground water, which could affect both sexes and delimited geographic areas. Also, the higher sex-ratios found in some areas with high risk of smoking-related cancer mortality in males support the role of tobacco in gastric cancer etiology.</p

Evolution of the use of corticosteroids for the treatment of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in Spain between March and November 2020: SEMI-COVID national registry

Objectives: Since the results of the RECOVERY trial, WHO recommendations about the use of corticosteroids (CTs) in COVID-19 have changed. The aim of the study is to analyse the evolutive use of CTs in Spain during the pandemic to assess the potential influence of new recommendations. Material and methods: A retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was conducted on adults hospitalised due to COVID-19 in Spain who were included in the SEMI-COVID- 19 Registry from March to November 2020. Results: CTs were used in 6053 (36.21%) of the included patients. The patients were older (mean (SD)) (69.6 (14.6) vs. 66.0 (16.8) years; p < 0.001), with hypertension (57.0% vs. 47.7%; p < 0.001), obesity (26.4% vs. 19.3%; p < 0.0001), and multimorbidity prevalence (20.6% vs. 16.1%; p < 0.001). These patients had higher values (mean (95% CI)) of C-reactive protein (CRP) (86 (32.7-160) vs. 49.3 (16-109) mg/dL; p < 0.001), ferritin (791 (393-1534) vs. 470 (236- 996) µg/dL; p < 0.001), D dimer (750 (430-1400) vs. 617 (345-1180) µg/dL; p < 0.001), and lower Sp02/Fi02 (266 (91.1) vs. 301 (101); p < 0.001). Since June 2020, there was an increment in the use of CTs (March vs. September; p < 0.001). Overall, 20% did not receive steroids, and 40% received less than 200 mg accumulated prednisone equivalent dose (APED). Severe patients are treated with higher doses. The mortality benefit was observed in patients with oxygen saturation </=90%. Conclusions: Patients with greater comorbidity, severity, and inflammatory markers were those treated with CTs. In severe patients, there is a trend towards the use of higher doses. The mortality benefit was observed in patients with oxygen saturation </=90%