Caracterización litogeoquímica de los batolitos de Las Lomas y Noque en el departamento de Piura y su comparación con los batolitos de la Cordillera Blanca y Challaviento

[ESP] Las variedades litológicas predominantes de los dos batolitos son tonalita y granodiorita, provenientes de magmas félsicos. La relación SiO2 vs. Sm/Yb permite determinar que ambos son de la misma edad. Las rocas son de naturaleza subalcalina de las series calcoalcalinas de medio y alto potasio, con un carácter metaluminoso. Los diagramas de discriminación tectonomagmática indican que son granitos de arco volcánico. Los elementos traza y tierras raras también muestran características típicas de rocas asociadas a subducción. La profundidad de la fuente magmática es menor de 20 km y la ausencia de granate indica que no hay contaminación mantélica. Ambos provienen de magmas húmedos, el batolito Las Lomas es del tipo “I” y de la serie de la magnetita, asociado a elementos calcófilos y a la mineralización de Cu-Mo, el batolito Noque del tipo “S” y de la serie de la Ilmenita, asociado a elementos litófilos, y no cae en ningún campo de mineralización específica. Comparando a los batolitos, los del norte son calcoalcalinos de medio K, los del centro y sur son calcoalcalinos de alto K, presencia de granate en el centro y sur, y todos los granitoides son de naturaleza de arco volcánico. Los batolitos del norte caen en el campo de los anorogénicos y los del centro y sur de los campos de tipo “I” y “S”. Los granitos del norte la profundidad de su fuente magmática alcanza menos de 20 km, la Cordillera Blanca 60 km y Challaviento 40 km. Las edades varían desde las más antiguas Las Lomas, Noque, Challaviento y la más joven la Cordillera Blanca coincidiendo con las dataciones radiométricas.[ENG] The predominant lithological varieties of the two Batholiths are tonalite, granodiorite from felsic magmas. The SiO2 vs. Sm / Yb to determine that both are of the same age. The rocks are nature of subalkaline and calc-alkaline series of medium and high potassium with metaluminous character. Tectonomagmatic diagrams indicate that they are of volcanic arc granites. Trace elements and rare earth rocks also they show typical features associated with subduction. The depth of the magma source is less than 20 km and the absence of garnet mantle indicate no contamination mantle. Both come from wet magmas, the batholith Las Lomas is of the type “I” and the of magnetite series, associated with chalcophile elements and Cu-Mo mineralization, the Batholith Noque type “S” and the ilmenite series associatedlithophile elements, and does not fall into any specific field of mineralization. Comparing the batholith, the North are medium-K, calc-alkaline, the center and south are high-K calc-alkaline, the presence of garnet in the center and south, and all are nature of volcanic arc granitoids. North Batholiths fall into the field of anorogenic and the central and southern batholiths of type “I” and “S”. North granites depth of its source magma reaches less than 20 kilometers, the Cordillera Blanca Challaviento 60 Km and 40Km. The ages range from the oldest Las Lomas, Noque, Challaviento and the younger the Cordillera Blanca coinciding with radiometric dating

Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation

Contains fulltext : 125374.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Edoxaban is a direct oral factor Xa inhibitor with proven antithrombotic effects. The long-term efficacy and safety of edoxaban as compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation is not known. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy trial comparing two once-daily regimens of edoxaban with warfarin in 21,105 patients with moderate-to-high-risk atrial fibrillation (median follow-up, 2.8 years). The primary efficacy end point was stroke or systemic embolism. Each edoxaban regimen was tested for noninferiority to warfarin during the treatment period. The principal safety end point was major bleeding. RESULTS: The annualized rate of the primary end point during treatment was 1.50% with warfarin (median time in the therapeutic range, 68.4%), as compared with 1.18% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.79; 97.5% confidence interval [CI], 0.63 to 0.99; P<0.001 for noninferiority) and 1.61% with low-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 1.07; 97.5% CI, 0.87 to 1.31; P=0.005 for noninferiority). In the intention-to-treat analysis, there was a trend favoring high-dose edoxaban versus warfarin (hazard ratio, 0.87; 97.5% CI, 0.73 to 1.04; P=0.08) and an unfavorable trend with low-dose edoxaban versus warfarin (hazard ratio, 1.13; 97.5% CI, 0.96 to 1.34; P=0.10). The annualized rate of major bleeding was 3.43% with warfarin versus 2.75% with high-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.91; P<0.001) and 1.61% with low-dose edoxaban (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.55; P<0.001). The corresponding annualized rates of death from cardiovascular causes were 3.17% versus 2.74% (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.97; P=0.01), and 2.71% (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.96; P=0.008), and the corresponding rates of the key secondary end point (a composite of stroke, systemic embolism, or death from cardiovascular causes) were 4.43% versus 3.85% (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.96; P=0.005), and 4.23% (hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.05; P=0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Both once-daily regimens of edoxaban were noninferior to warfarin with respect to the prevention of stroke or systemic embolism and were associated with significantly lower rates of bleeding and death from cardiovascular causes. (Funded by Daiichi Sankyo Pharma Development; ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00781391.)