El compromiso organizacional y la gestión pública colaborativa en los servidores públicos de la Municipalidad Distrital de Magdalena de Cao, La Libertad, 2022

La investigación tuvo como propósito determinar la relación que existe entre el compromiso organizacional y la gestión pública colaborativa en los servidores públicos de la Municipalidad Distrital de Magdalena de Cao, La Libertad, 2022. El enfoque de la investigación es cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada, se aplicó el diseño no experimental, descriptivo, correlacional, con una población muestral de 38 servidores públicos, a quienes se les aplicó cuestionarios confiables y válidos. Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que el 84.1% de los servidores presentan un nivel de medio de compromiso organizacional, lo mismo con sus dimensiones y un 63.6% presentan un nivel de medio de gestión pública colaborativa, al igual que en sus dimensiones. Concluyéndose que hay una relación positiva moderada entre el compromiso organizacional y la gestión pública colaborativa en los servidores públicos de la Municipalidad Distrital de Magdalena de Cao (rs=0.444; p valor<0.05).The purpose of the research was to determine the relationship between organizational commitment and collaborative public management in public servants of the District Municipality of Magdalena de Cao, La Libertad, 2022. The research approach is quantitative, of an applied type, it is applied the non-experimental, descriptive, correlational design, with a sample population of 38 public servants, to whom reliable and valid questionnaires were applied. The results of the research show that 84.1% of the servers present a medium level of organizational commitment, the same with its dimensions and 63.6% present a medium level of collaborative public management, as well as in its dimensions. Concluding that there is a moderate positive relationship between organizational commitment and collaborative public management in public servants of the District Municipality of Magdalena de Cao (rs=0.444; p value <0.05).Tesi

Las relaciones interpersonales y el clima emocional en los colaboradores de Créditos Ama de la ciudad de Trujillo año 2021

El presente estudio de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el nivel de relación entre las relaciones interpersonales y el clima emocional en los colaboradores de Créditos AMA de la ciudad de Trujillo año 2021. El tipo de investigación es descriptiva correlacional. Los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron los cuestionarios con escala Likert de relaciones interpersonales y clima emocional aplicados a los colaboradores de la empresa. Para determinar la relación entre las variables se calculó el coeficiente de correlación Rho de Spearman. Entre los principales hallazgos se encontró evidencia de correlación directa y altamente significativa con tamaño de efecto de magnitud grande entre las relaciones interpersonales y el clima emocional, donde el coeficiente Rho Spearman fue =,851 y el valor de significancia p = ,000 siendo éste < 0.05, es decir que en mayor nivel de relaciones interpersonales se espera mayor nivel de clima emocional contrastándose la hipótesis formulada; concluyendo de esta manera que la relación entre las relaciones interpersonales y el clima emocional es altamente significativa directa y positiva en la empresa Créditos AMA de la ciudad de Trujillo, año 2021.The objective of this research study is to determine the level of relationship between interpersonal relationships and the emotional climate in the employees of Créditos AMA in the city of Trujillo in 2021. The type of research is descriptive correlational. The data collection instruments were questionnaires with a Likert scale of interpersonal relations and emotional climate applied to the company's collaborators. To determine the relationship between the variables, Spearman's Rho correlation coefficient was calculated. Among the main findings, evidence of direct and highly significant correlation was found with a large magnitude effect size between interpersonal relationships and emotional climate, where the Rho Spearman coefficient was =.851 and the significance value p = .000, being this < 0.05, that is to say that a higher level of interpersonal relationships is expected to have a higher level of emotional climate, contrasting the formulated hypothesis; concluding in this way that the relationship between interpersonal relationships and the emotional climate is highly significant, direct and positive in the Credits AMA company of the city of Trujillo, year 2021.Tesi

Mental Health Problems and Related Factors in Ecuadorian College Students

Although the mental health problems of college students have been the subject of increasing research, there are no studies about its prevalence in Ecuadorian college students. The aim of this study was to determine the mental health problems and their associated factors in Ecuadorian freshmen university students. A sample of 1092 students (53.7% women; mean age = 18.3 years) were recruited from the Technical Particular University of Loja (Ecuador). Socio-demographic, academic, and clinical characteristics were gathered, as well as information on the participants’ mental health through a number of mental health screens. Prevalence of positive screens was 6.2% for prevalence of major depressive episodes, 0.02% for generalized anxiety disorders, 2.2% for panic disorders, 32.0% for eating disorders, 13.1% for suicidal risk. Mental health problems were significantly associated with sex, area of study, self-esteem, social support, personality and histories of mental health problems. The findings offer a starting point for identifying useful factors to target prevention and intervention strategies aimed at university studentsThis study was funded by grant PY250 from the Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (Ecuador)S

Pasantía Internacional México

CD-T 624.193 G588; 24 pEn el último siglo, la ingeniería de túneles se ha convertido en uno de los principales motores del desarrollo socioeconómico de un país y en una señal inequívoca del papel de la infraestructura como pieza fundamental de dicho crecimiento. El siguiente trabajo indaga en la historia de la construcción y uso de túneles viales y de abastecimiento de agua en México y Colombia como una forma de entender, a través de un repaso histórico, el desarrollo de la ingeniería vial e hidráulica en los dos países latinoamericanos.Universidad Libre Seccional Pereir

A brief problem-solving indicated-prevention intervention for prevention of depression in nonprofessional caregivers

Background: Despite depression being a common problem among nonprofessional caregivers, no studies of prevention of depression targeting this population exist in the literature. The studies of indicated prevention of depression aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a problem-solving intervention in preventing clinical depression in a sample of female caregivers. Method: A controlled randomized trial was conducted among 173 participants (mean age 53.9 years), 89 of whom were randomized to the intervention group and 84 (controls) to usual care. The intervention comprised five weekly 90-minute group sessions. Results: At post-treatment, depression symptoms in the intervention group had remitted significantly more than in the control group, with a large effect size (d = 1.54). The proportion of participants showing clinically significant improvement was significantly larger in the intervention group (80.9% vs. 11.9% among controls), and fewer intervention-group participants had progressed to clinical depression during the study period (4.5% vs. 13.1% among controls). The intervention group also exhibited a significantly greater reduction in emotional distress and caregiver burden than the control group. Conclusions: These findings attest to the short-term efficacy of the interventionUna intervención breve de solución de problemas para la prevención indicada de la depresión en cuidadoras. Antecedentes: a pesar que la depresión es un problema frecuente en los cuidadores no profesionales, en la literatura no hay estudios de prevención indicada de la depresión en esta población. Se evaluó la eficacia de una intervención de solución de problemas para prevenir la depresión clínica en una muestra de cuidadoras. Método: se realizó un ensayo controlado aleatorizado entre 173 participantes (edad promedio 53,9 años), 89 de las cuales fueron asignadas al azar al grupo de intervención y 84 (controles) a atención habitual. La intervención constó de cinco sesiones aplicadas semanalmente en formato grupal de una duración de 90 minutos cada una. Resultados: en el postratamiento, los síntomas depresivos en el grupo de intervención disminuyeron significativamente más que en el grupo control, con un tamaño del efecto d grande de 1,54. La proporción de participantes con mejoría clínicamente significativa fue significativamente mayor en el grupo de intervención (80,9% frente a 11,9% entre los controles); y menos participantes del grupo de intervención progresaron a una depresión clínica durante el período del estudio (4,5% frente a 13,1% entre los controles). El grupo de intervención también tuvo una reducción significativamente mayor en malestar emocional y sobrecarga del cuidador que el grupo control. Conclusiones: estos hallazgos demuestran la eficacia de la intervención a corto plazoThis study was supported by grant 2007/PN017 from the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of Spain. This research was also supported from Ministry of Labour and Welfare (Xunta de Galicia)S

Protocol for a randomized controlled dismantling study of a brief telephonic psychological intervention applied to nonprofessional caregivers with symptoms of depression

Background Although depression is a common problem in caregivers and there are effective cognitive-behavioral interventions for its prevention, the ability of caregivers to attend these treatments is often limited by logistics. Furthermore, the efficacy of the components of these interventions is unknown. The objectives of this study are to (a) evaluate the efficacy of a telephone-administered cognitive-behavioral intervention to prevent depression with all its components (cognitive and behavioral) and only with behavioral activation, and to (b) analyze the mediators of the change in depressive symptoms. Methods/Design A randomized controlled clinical trial was designed to dismantle the components of a cognitive-behavioral intervention. Caregivers with elevated depressive symptoms will be randomly assigned to a cognitive-behavioral intervention, an intervention with only the behavioral activation component, or a usual care control group. Each condition will consist of approximately 60 participants. The two interventions will consist of five sessions lasting 90 min each, applied to groups of about 5 participants at a time via conference call. Trained interviewers, blind to the experimental conditions, will conduct the assessments at the pre-treatment, post-treatment and 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Discussion This study will provide evidence of the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral intervention to prevent depression in caregivers with elevated depressive symptoms administered via conference call, and on the impact of the behavioral activation component on the overall efficacy of the program. If we find favorable results, it would mean that we have developed a program of prevention of depression of higher clinical utility and efficacy than those currently available, which would make it possible for a large number of caregivers to have access to such resourcesThis study was funded by grant 2012-PN162 (PSI2012-37396) from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain. We wish to thank support from Ministry of Labor and Welfare (Xunta de Galicia)S

Propuesta de diseño de manual de funciones y procedimientos para el Juzgado de Distrito Penal de Estelí, durante el año 2018

La propuesta que se presenta beneficia la ejecución de sus actividades, agilizando la realización de las mismas, asegurando el mejoramiento de las prácticas, haciendo del juzgado una institución más funcional, se hace atendiendo principalmente las necesidades que se presentan actualmente en la confusión de las funciones y la lentitud de los procesos llevados a cabo. Es necesario que el juzgado realice delimitación de funciones de acuerdo a los cargos que lo comprenden, y así alivianar la sobre carga laboral que se está presentando, de igual manera se necesita detallar los procesos que se llevan a cabo dentro de esta institución para acelerar la ejecución de los mismos

Análise da Percepção Social do Parque Metropolitano Bicentenário, Toluca, México

The purpose of this research is to expose the social perception of ecosystem services, mainly cultural services, through the application of a survey with Likert-type answers, to a sample of 116 people who visit the Parque Metropolitano Bicentenario. The survey revealed the perception of the participants in relation to the values offered, directly and indirectly, by the services of green areas, such as recreation, stress reduction, clean air and landscape harmony, among others.La finalidad de esta investigación es exponer la percepción social de los servicios ecosistémicos, principalmente los servicios culturales, por medio de la aplicación de una encuesta con respuestas tipo Likert, a una muestra de 116 personas que visitan el Parque Metropolitano Bicentenario. La encuesta arrojó la percepción de los participantes con relación a los valores que ofrece, directa e indirectamente, los servicios de las áreas verdes, como el esparcimiento, la reducción del estrés, el aire limpio y la armonía paisajística, entre otros.O objectivo desta pesquisa é expor a percepção social dos serviços do ecossistema, principalmente os serviços culturais, através da aplicação de um inquérito com respostas do tipo Likert, a uma amostra de 116 pessoas que visitam o Parque Metropolitano do Bicentenário. O inquérito revelou a percepção dos participantes em relação aos valores oferecidos, directa e indirectamente, pelos serviços prestados pelas áreas verdes, tais como recreação, redução do stress, ar puro e harmonia paisagística, entre outros

Heredabilidad de la Resistencia a Spongospora subterranea F. Sp. subterranea en una Población de Solanum phureja a través Bioensayos.

La sarna polvosa es una enfermedad causada por Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea, patógeno del suelo que causa agallas en raíces y produce lesiones en el tubérculo. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer la heredabilidad de la resistencia a sarna polvosa en raíces en una población de Solanum phureja, evaluando la incidencia y severidad de la enfermedad en raíces en el momento de floración. Las plantas que fueron asintomáticas se evaluaron al microscopio para verificar estructuras del patógeno. Asimismo, se identificaron los individuos de la población F1 que presentan un alto valor de mejoramiento para la característica. El experimento se sembró en un diseño completamente al azar con cinco repeticiones, se utilizaron 26 familias de hermanos medios y cada familia tuvo entre ocho y 20 hermanos medios. Como la heredabilidad depende de la población en estudio y de la unidad de selección que se utilice, en este bioensayo la heredabilidad se evaluó bajo los métodos de selección entre familias, entre y dentro de familias y masal simple. No se presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las heredabilidades obtenidas para los diferentes métodos de selección, esta estuvo entre 0,67 y 0,94. Las familias maternas 61, 126, 205, 138 y 8 forman el grupo de las cinco familias más resistentes, mientras que las familias 34, 31, 38, 45 y 15 se presentan como las más susceptibles. El contenido de quistosoros en el suelo no presentó correlación sobre la infección y desarrollo de la enfermedad

Cuestionario de Personalidad de Eysenck Revisado-Abreviado para cuidadores informales

The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated (EPQR-A) in informal caregivers. Trained, independent evaluators administered the EPQR-A and evaluated informal caregivers’ depressive symptoms, automatic negative thoughts, self-efficacy, and pleasant social contacts, and clinical experts assessed major depressive episode in 592 caregivers (87.2% women, mean age 55.4 years). Women scored significantly higher on Neuroticism than men (p < .001). Subscale internal consistencies were .77 for Neuroticism, .75 for Extraversion, .47 for Sincerity; and .24 for Psychoticism. These four factors accounted for 38.1% of total variance. However, a three-factor model (excluding Psychoticism) better fit the data. Neuroticism was significantly, inversely correlated with both self-efficacy (r = -.35) and pleasant social contacts (r = -.22), and positively correlated with both depressive symptoms (r = .59) and negative thoughts (r = .53). Extraversion was significantly, inversely correlated with both depressive symptoms (r = -.22) and negative thoughts (r = -.22), and positively correlated with both selfefficacy (r = .36) and pleasant social contacts (r = .16). A cutoff score of 4 on Neuroticism suitably discriminated between depressed and non-depressed informal caregivers (sensitivity = 68.1%, specificity = 79.9%The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated (EPQR-A) in informal caregivers. Trained, independent evaluators administered the EPQR-A and evaluated informal caregivers’ depressive symptoms, automatic negative thoughts, self-efficacy, and pleasant social contacts, and clinical experts assessed major depressive episode in 592 caregivers (87.2% women, mean age 55.4 years). Women scored significantly higher on Neuroticism than men (p < .001). Subscale internal consistencies were .77 for Neuroticism, .75 for Extraversion, .47 for Sincerity; and .24 for Psychoticism. These four factors accounted for 38.1% of total variance. However, a three-factor model (excluding Psychoticism) better fit the data. Neuroticism was significantly, inversely correlated with both self-efficacy (r = -.35) and pleasant social contacts (r = -.22), and positively correlated with both depressive symptoms (r = .59) and negative thoughts (r = .53). Extraversion was significantly, inversely correlated with both depressive symptoms (r = -.22) and negative thoughts (r = -.22), and positively correlated with both selfefficacy (r = .36) and pleasant social contacts (r = .16). A cutoff score of 4 on Neuroticism suitably discriminated between depressed and non-depressed informal caregivers (sensitivity = 68.1%, specificity = 79.9%This work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain [grant number 2012-PN162 (PSI2012-37396)]S