Ruthenium catalysis in biological habitats

Dedicated to Prof. Janine CossyRecent years have witnessed a considerable progress in research aimed at merging transition metal catalysis with chemical and cell biology. Therefore, a crescent number of metal-catalyzed transformations have been shown compatible with biological media and even with living settings. Of the different transition metals used to build these biocompatible catalysts, ruthenium has demonstrated to be particularly powerful, in part because the resulting complexes exhibit a very good balance between reactivity and biological stability. Indeed, ruthenium complexes have demonstrated utility to promote a great variety of reactions in biologically relevant contexts, from deprotection and redox processes to cycloadditions or photocatalytic transformations. Many of these reactions may enable the development of new type of biological tools and pharmacological strategiesPID2020-118579GB−I00; PID2019-108624RB−I00; Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria-Grant Numbers: ED431 C 2021/25, ED431G 2019/03; European Union; Ministerio de Universidades. Grant Number: FPU17/00711S

Rescue surgery (surgical repositioning) of impacted lower second molars

La impactación de los segundos molares inferiores es una complicación de la erupción dentaria muy infrecuente, dado que su incidencia se cifra de un 0,03 a un 0,21 %. Se ha detectado en mayor frecuencia de forma unilateral que bilateral y es más usual en mandíbula que en maxilar. Presenta una ligera predicción por el sexo masculino, y la inclinación mesial es la más habitual. Se han publicado una amplia variedad de aproximaciones terapéuticas, fundamentalmente apelando a técnicas quirúrgicas únicas o ayudadas de técnicas ortodóncicas, con el objeto de llevar al diente a su correcta posición, y que se engloban bajo el concepto de cirugía de rescate. En los casos resueltos con una reubicación del diente impactado,la extracción profiláctica del germen se ha propugnado como obligatoria. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 12 años y 6 meses derivado al Master de Cirugía Bucal de la Universidad de Sevilla por presentar falta de erupción del segundo molar inferior izquierdo. El paciente fue derivado por su ortodoncista, quien detecta la impactación del diente, antes de iniciar el tratamiento ortodóncico.Dicho compañero nos indica que, si es posible, no extraigamos el germen del tercer molar, pues prevé que será viable su erupción en el futuro (dispondrá de espacio en la arcada suficiente). Medidos los espacios de que disponemos, decidimos intentar la reubicación del diente impactado sin extraer el germen del cordal, que se llevó a cabo de forma exitosa.The impaction of lower second molars, given that its incidence is 0.03 to 0.21%, is a rare complication in tooth eruption. It has been detected more often in unilateral form than bilateral and is more common in the mandible than in the maxillary. It has a slight predilection for males, and mesial inclination ismore usual. A wide variety of therapeutic approaches have been published,basically referring to surgical techniques, independent or complemented by means of orthodontic technical aids, with the aim of placing the tooth in the correct position, and which are encompassed under the concept of surgical rescue.In cases resolved with repositioning of an impacted tooth, prophylactic root extraction has been proposed as obligatory.We present a case of a 12 and a half year old patient referred to the University of Seville due to non-eruption of the left lower second molar.The patient was referred by her orthodontist, who detected the impaction before starting orthodontic treatment. The orthodontist requested that, if it was possible, we did not extract the root of the third molar, because its eruption would be feasible in the future (there would be sufficient space in the arch). The spaces available were measured and we decided to attempt the repositioning of the impacted tooth without extracting the root of the wisdom tooth, which was carried out successfully

Hera-FFX: a Firefox add-on for Semi-automatic Web Accessibility Evaluation

Website accessibility evaluation is a complex task requiring a combination of human expertise and software support. There are several online and offline tools to support the manual web accessibility evaluation process. However, they all have some weaknesses because none of them includes all the desired features. In this paper we present Hera-FFX, an add-on for the Firefox web browser that supports semi-automatic web accessibility evaluation

SmartSantander: Internet of Things research and innovation through citizen participation

The Smart City concept relates to improving efficiency of city services and facilitating a more sustainable development of cities. However, it is important to highlight that, in order to effectively progress towards such smart urban environments, the people living in these cities must be tightly engaged in this endeavour. This paper presents two novel services that have been implemented in order to bring the Smart City closer to the citizen. The Participatory Sensing service we are proposing exploits the advanced features of smartphones to make the user part of the ubiquitous sensing infrastructure over which the Smart City concept is built. The Augmented Reality service is connected to the smart city platform in order to create an advanced visualization tool where the plethora of available information is presented to citizens embedded in their natural surroundings. A brief description of the smart city platform on top of which these services are built is also presented.Although only a few names appear in this paper’s list of authors, this work would not have been possible without the contribution and encouragement of the enthusiastic team of the SmartSantander project which has been partially funded by the European Commission under the contract number FP7-ICT-257992

Evolution of Forest Cover in Andalusia (1956-2007). Processes and Drivers

Algo más de la mitad de la superficie de Andalucía está ocupada por espacios forestales. En el presente artículo, exponemos un estudio de la distribución de estos espacios a partir de los mapas de usos y coberturas vegetales de 1956 y 2007. Estudiamos los cambios globales, los procesos de persistencia, ganancia y pérdida dentro de una misma cobertura, así como los procesos de transferencia entre coberturas. Seleccionamos un conjunto de factores para abordar una primera explicación de los patrones espaciales subyacentes en la distribución. Los resultados muestran que los espacios forestales se mantuvieron en las áreas montañosas, condicionados por factores como la litología, las pendientes y gradientes de proximidad a zonas urbanizadas. Se ha producido un gran incremento de la superficie forestal arbolada en el conjunto de la región consistente en casi todas las provincias andaluzas, debido especialmente a la acción de las repoblaciones forestales.Slightly more than half of the region of Andalusia (South of Spain) is covered by natural areas: forests, shrublands, grasslands or opened unproductive spaces (rocks, sands). In this paper, we present a study of the spatial distribution of forest cover in Andalusia by using the land cover maps of 1956- 2007. We analysed the land cover changes, the processes of land cover changes as gains, losses and persistence, and the processes of transfer between every pair of land-covers. We selected a set of factors to address a first explanation for understanding the spatial patterns of forest cover in Andalusia. The results show that forest cover was kept in mountainous areas, conditioned by factors such as lithology, slopes and gradients proximity to urban areas. On the other hand, it has occurred a huge increase in forest wooded areas because of the consequences of reforestation projects, and also because of processes of forest regeneration, although to a minor extent

Strength Asymmetries in Young Elite Sailors: Windsurfing, Optimist, Laser and 420 Classes

Strength asymmetries in the upper and lower limbs may affect the body movements of the joints or limbs. Although asymmetries in the upper limbs have been studied in sailors, those in lower limbs have not been evaluated in this sport population. The aims of this study were: (i) to analyze lower limb asymmetries in young elite sailors in order to quantify the magnitude of asymmetry between limbs for variables that were established as reliable in a healthy population, and (ii) to evaluate the presence of differences between classes and sexes in inter-limb asymmetries in elite youth sailors. Sixty-eight young Spanish elite sailors (9-19 years of age) participated voluntarily in our study. Single-leg vertical countermovement jump (VCJ), single-leg horizontal countermovement jump and hand dynamometry tests were used to evaluate the strength of the upper and lower limbs. More than 50% of the sailors presented asymmetries in the lower limbs. The boys' group and Optimist class presented a greater percentage of strength asymmetry

Natural and anthropogenic alterations of the soil affect body condition of the fossorial amphisbaenian Trogonophis wiegamnni in North Africa

Soil alteration is one of the major threats in arid environments, which can have serious consequences for soil biodiversity. However, the ecology of fossorial animals is poorly understood and their low conspicuousness may lead researchers and managers to overlook potential conservation problems. Amphisbaenians are fossorial reptiles and, because of their secretive habits, there is a chronic almost lack of data on their conservation state. Here, we examined the effects of diverse natural (salinization and seagulls influence) and anthropogenic factors (disturbance of the soil physical structure and lead contamination) that affect physical and chemical properties of the soil on body condition of Trogonophis wiegmanni amphisbaenians from the Chafarinas Islands, in North Africa. Results indicated that soil salinization and human induced mechanical disturbance and compaction of the soil affected negatively to body condition of amphisbaenians. In contrast, the increase in organic matter and heavy metals pollutants in the soil, either because of the seagull or anthropogenic influence, did not seem to affect body condition of amphisbaenians. We suggest potential management techniques to solve these problems and emphasize the need for periodic surveys of subterranean herpetofauna to prevent future conservation problems.Legal authorization and financial support was provided by the Organismo Autónomo de Parques Nacionales with additional financial support from a Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación project (CGL2011-24150/BOS) and from the Regional Government of Andalusia project BIOGEOBIRD (P09-RNM-4987) and FEDER funds.Peer reviewe

Análisis del impacto de las decisiones en el ámbito de la dependencia mediante mapas cognitivos borrosos

El Sistema para la Autonomía y Atención a la Dependencia (SAAD) fue creado con el fin de proporcionar un marco de protección a las personas en situación de dependencia. La prioridad de las prestaciones en servicios frente a las económicas, según la Ley, y la gestión eficiente de los recursos públicos destinados al SAAD hacían prever retornos económicos, como la generación de empleo. Las variables que influyen en la implantación del SAAD son extremadamente complejas y dinámicas, existiendo múltiples relaciones entre las mismas. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la problemática de satisfacer una demanda creciente de protección al mínimo coste y aprovechar los retornos económicos mediante la lógica borrosa (mapa cognitivo borroso). Esta técnica se configura como una herramienta para la toma de decisiones en este ámbito, porque permite analizar la evolución de las variables causales hasta un estado de equilibrio. Para ello, se han ideado 4 escenarios (E1:Envejecimiento, E2: Envejecimiento y prestaciones en servicios, E3: Envejecimiento y prestaciones económicas, E4: Envejecimiento y prestación económica para cuidados en el entorno familiar), con el fin de analizar la evolución de las variables, especialmente el gasto público y el empleo. Entre los principales resultados obtenidos destacan: el envejecimiento es determinante en el incremento del gasto en todos los escenarios, pero solamente en E1 y E2 se genera empleo. La prestación residencial no se altera, ni siquiera en E2. La teleasistencia aumenta en todos los escenarios y la prestación económica por asistente personal aumenta en E1 y E2

Performance Analysis in Olympic Sailors of the Formula Kite Class Using GPS

Formula Kite is an Olympic sport that mainly differs from other kitesurfing modalities for the use of a hydrofoil. It is considered an extreme sport due to the great technical ability required. Regarding performance, the variables that determine performance in a real competition situation have not been studied, and even less so with Olympic sailors. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the technical and tactical variables that differentiate elite sailors. The sample consisted of 42 Olympic sailors of the Formula Kite class, who were evaluated in three World Cups. Using a GPS device, the speed, distance traveled, maneuvers, and time spent on the courses of upwind, downwind, and beam reach were recorded. The highest-level sailors presented a higher speed in upwind/downwind/beam reach and a shorter time in upwind and beam reach. Performance seems to be more strongly influenced by technical variables, such as speed, than by tactical variables