1,516 research outputs found

    Critical Theory and the Loneliness of the Tax Prof

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    This essay, prepared for a symposium on critical theory and tax law, has two goals: to suggest why feminist theory and critical race theory are spreading in taxation and to discuss some dangers of that criticism. The author evaluates three examples of the new criticism: an article on critical race theory by Professors Moran and Whitford; an article on feminist statutory interpretation by Professor Handelman; and a book, Taxing Women, by Professor McCaffery

    Plant-Growth Promoting Endophytic Bacteria and Their Role for Maize Acclimatation to Abiotic Stress

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    In order to grow, reproduce, and defend themselves, maize plants use various strategies to obtain adaptive advantages in varying conditions, for example, to tolerate abiotic stress (e.g., drought or heat due to climate change). One of these strategies is the establishment of interactions with plant-growth-promoting bacteria. Bacteria can be associated with plants in the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, or as endophytes. Recent evidence suggest that modern agricultural practices are detrimental to these beneficial plant-microbe interactions, and reservoirs like traditional agroecosystems called milpas, emerge as sources of microbiota associated with maize crops, with increased diversity and beneficial functions. Particularly, bacterial endophytes associated with native maize from milpas show promising features for their use as plant-growth-promoting inoculates, however, it is necessary to first understand the mechanisms known for beneficial functions of endophytes associated with maize and other plants. Here, we review the mechanisms of beneficial interactions between plants and endophytic bacteria, with emphasis on maize and with mentions of recent findings on maize landraces from milpa systems

    Medio siglo de desigualdad en el ingreso en México

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    ResumenEste trabajo muestra la evolución de la desigualdad en la distribución del ingreso en México entre los años 1963 y 2010. Identifica tres fases: la primera registra una caída lenta pero tendencial de la desigualdad que culmina con la medición de 1984. La segunda, donde la desigualdad se eleva y se mantiene alta, se extiende desde 1989 hasta el año 2000; en este período tiene lugar el cambio en la orientación del modelo económico. La tercera fase muestra una disminución de la desigualdad a un escalón inferior en relación a la segunda e inicia en 2002, año de plena retracción económica que se caracteriza por una serie de modificaciones en la política social. En este artículo se argumenta que no hay suficiente información empírica para sustentar que hay una tendencia hacia la reducción de la desigualdad, sólo permite diferenciar escalones; y que la distribución del ingreso en 2010 es muy similar a la de 1984. Tomó un poco más de un cuarto de siglo para que México volviera a tener la distribución del ingreso que había alcanzado en la época del desarrollo orientado hacia adentro.AbstractThis work shows the evolution of inequality of the distribution of income in Mexico between 1963 and 2010. It identifies 3 stages: The first, which coincides with the abandonment of the stabilizing development model, register a slow but leaning drop of the inequality, finishing with 1984’s evaluation. The second, where inequality rises and stays high, lasts from 1989 to 2000. During this time, a change takes place in the direction of the economic model. The third began in 2002, a year of full economic shrinking. It was characterized by a series of changes in social policy, and shows a decrease in inequality to a lower level in relation to the second stage (% the most important factors to consider are the …% adoption of conditional financial transfer programs, which has caused trade liberalization in the agricultural sector; and public expenditure policy to face up to the crisis that the Mexican government has had in the last years). The author argues that there is not enough empirical information to support that there exist a (linear) tendency towards a reduction in inequality. And, that the income distribution in 2010 is very similar to that of 1984. It took a little over a quarter century for Mexico to achieve a comparable income distribution that it had at the inward-oriented development time

    E3 ubiquitin ligases LNX1 and LNX2 are major regulators of the presynaptic glycine transporter GlyT2

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    The neuronal glycine transporter GlyT2 is an essential regulator of glycinergic neurotransmission that recaptures glycine in presynaptic terminals to facilitate transmitter packaging in synaptic vesicles. Alterations in GlyT2 expression or activity result in lower cytosolic glycine levels, emptying glycinergic synaptic vesicles and impairing neurotransmission. Lack of glycinergic neurotransmission caused by GlyT2 loss-of-function mutations results in Hyperekplexia, a rare neurological disease characterized by generalized stifness and motor alterations that may cause sudden infant death. Although the importance of GlyT2 in pathology is known, how this transporter is regulated at the molecular level is poorly understood, limiting current therapeutic strategies. Guided by an unbiased screening, we discovered that E3 ubiquitin ligase Ligand of Numb proteins X1/2 (LNX1/2) modulate the ubiquitination status of GlyT2. The N-terminal RING-fnger domain of LNX1/2 ubiquitinates a cytoplasmic C-terminal lysine cluster in GlyT2 (K751, K773, K787 and K791), and this process regulates the expression levels and transport activity of GlyT2. The genetic deletion of endogenous LNX2 in spinal cord primary neurons causes an increase in GlyT2 expression and we fnd that LNX2 is required for PKC-mediated control of GlyT2 transport. This work identifes, to our knowledge, the frst E3 ubiquitinligases acting on GlyT2, revealing a novel molecular mechanism that controls presynaptic glycine availability. Providing a better understanding of the molecular regulation of GlyT2 may help future investigations into the molecular basis of human disease states caused by dysfunctional glycinergic neurotransmission, such as hyperekplexia and chronic painThis work was supported by grants from the Spanish ‘Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad’, grant number SAF2014-58045-R (MINECO/FEDER, UE) and SAF2017-84235-R (AEI/FEDER, UE) to B.L.-C. and C.A., by Institutional grants from the Fundación Ramón Areces and Banco de Santander to the CBMSO and by the Joy Cappel 2018 Young Investigator Award to J.J.-S

    Correlación entre estrés, niveles de cortisol y estrategias de afrontamiento en pacientes con cáncer sometidos a tratamiento

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    Introduction: Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2012 14 million new cases and 8.2 million deaths. (WHO, 2019). Patients in treatment, surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy have been shown to have high levels of cortisol that influence their quality of life. Objective: to identify the relationship between stress, cortisol level and coping strategies in cancer patients undergoing treatment. Material and methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study conducted June to December 2018. In 65 male and female patients under treatment. Results: 68.2% were women 31.8% men, between 17 and 76 years. With diagnoses Ca breast (30.3%), prostate cancer (18.3), colon (15.2), lung (13.6), cervical (12.1% gastric (9.1%) skin cancer (1.5%). Statistics: 35.3% reported cortisol at normal levels and 64.5% high levels; stress averaged 13.9 (DE s 4.64). On the level of cortisol and the type of treatment, significant differences were observed (X2 x 1,546, p .04), i.e. the patient who has a mixed treatment cortisol is higher. Conclusions: It is important to reevaluate the strategies focused on the problem, analyze implications and propose studies in the context in which they operate, in the future develop an intervention including nursing activities in chemotherapy and radiotherapy, supporting effective coping strategies. minimizing threats focused on the problem, it is important to have a deeper comprehensive approach.Introducción: El cáncer es una de las principales causas de morbilidad y mortalidad en el mundo, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), en 2012 14 millones de casos nuevos y 8,2 millones de muertes. Se demostró que los pacientes en tratamiento, cirugía, quimioterapia y radioterapia tienen niveles altos de cortisol que influye en su calidad de vida. Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre el estrés, a nivel de cortisol y las estrategias de afrontamiento en pacientes con cáncer sometidos a tratamiento.Material y métodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional realizado junio a diciembre del 2019. Resultados epidemiológicos: 68.2% mujeres 31.8 % hombres, entre 17 y 76 años, con diagnósticos de: Ca mama (30.3%), de próstata (18.3), colon (15.2), pulmón (13.6), cervical (12.1% gástrico (9.1%) cáncer de piel (1.5%). Estadísticos: El 35,3% informaron cortisol a niveles normales y 64.5% niveles altos; el estrés obtuvo un promedio de 13.9 (DE = 4.64). Sobre el nivel de cortisol y el tipo de tratamiento, se observaron diferencias significativas (X2 = 1,546, p = .04), es decir, el paciente que tienen un tratamiento mixto el cortisol es más alto. Conclusiones: Es importante reevaluar las estrategias centradas en el problema, analizar implicaciones y proponer estudios en el contexto en que se desenvuelven, en futuro desarrollar una intervención incluyendo actividades de enfermería en la quimioterapia y radioterapia, apoyando estrategias de afrontamiento efectivas. En este sentido y derivado de la minimización de amenazas centradas en el problema, es importante tener un enfoque integral más profundo

    Fortalecimiento de la capacidad local para la producción de abonos orgánicos y su comercialización en Las Lomas, Municipio de Coatepec, Veracruz

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    El deterioro de los ecosistemas por los efectos negativos de la contaminación son preocupantes y evidentes, sin embargo cuando se trata del deterioro de los agroecosistemas la preocupación debe ser mayor y es imprescindible tomar la iniciativa para disminuir o por lo menos tratar de detener el deterioro de dichos ecosistemas. En el caso de un agroecosistemas específico, en los cafetales de Las Lomas, Municipio de Coatepec, Veracruz, el uso continuo de fertilizante de origen químico ha propiciado que la economía de los productores se vea reducida. Por lo anterior el objetivo del presente estudio fue intruir a los productores para realizar insumos orgánicos que incluyeron biopreparados como fungicidas e insecticidas, además de abonos orgánicos de calidad como lombricomposta, bocashi y purín de ortiguilla, con el fin de reducir el uso de agroquímicos y aminorar la contaminación tanto del suelo, del ambiente y preservar su salud

    El mazateco de Oaxaca

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    El proyecto analiza la variación y el cambio en la fonología, léxico, morfología y sintaxis del mazateco que se habla en las Regiones de la Cuenca y la Cañada (Santo Domingo del Río, Xalapa de Díaz, Huautla de Jiménez y Santa María Asunción) del estado de Oaxaca de la República Mexican
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