Potential of maize (Zea mays L.) populations derived from commercial single-cross hybrids for extraction of partially inbred lines under different nitrogen availability

Extraction of inbred lines is a very important step in maize breeding since these lines will be used to obtain hybrids intended for the market. However, this expensive process, hinders genotype evaluation in contrasting environments, especially regarding nitrogen (N) content. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of maize populations for line extraction and select partially inbred lines under different soil nitrogen (N) availability. Five populations were evaluated regarding their potential for line extraction. Fifty-five S1 partially inbred lines were extracted from these populations. The top-cross method was used to evaluate lines by crossing them with two testers. Hybrids evaluation used 110 top-cross hybrids, five base populations, and six checks. Two trials were carried out in Dourados and Caarapó. One trial had adequate fertilization (high N) while the other was under stress condition (low N). Hybrid DKB 789 showed potential for extraction of partially inbred lines, aiming at selecting N use efficiency. Base population BP (07) was the most suitable for the extraction of partially inbred lines aiming at N use efficiency. Partially inbred lines BP (07) 13, BP (07) 14, and BP (07) 17 are the most suitable for the extraction of top-cross hybrids with high grain yield, efficiency, and responsiveness to N. Highlights Extraction of inbred lines is a very important step in maize breeding. Hybrid DKB 789 showed potential for extraction of partially inbred lines. BP (07) 13, BP (07) 14, and BP (07) 17 are the most suitable for the extraction of top-cross hybrids.Extraction of inbred lines is a very important step in maize breeding since these lines will be used to obtain hybrids intended for the market. However, this expensive process, hinders genotype evaluation in contrasting environments, especially regarding nitrogen (N) content. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of maize populations for line extraction and select partially inbred lines under different soil nitrogen (N) availability. Five populations were evaluated regarding their potential for line extraction. Fifty-five S1 partially inbred lines were extracted from these populations. The top-cross method was used to evaluate lines by crossing them with two testers. Hybrids evaluation used 110 top-cross hybrids, five base populations, and six checks. Two trials were carried out in Dourados and Caarapó. One trial had adequate fertilization (high N) while the other was under stress condition (low N). Hybrid DKB 789 showed potential for extraction of partially inbred lines, aiming at selecting N use efficiency. Base population BP (07) was the most suitable for the extraction of partially inbred lines aiming at N use efficiency. Partially inbred lines BP (07) 13, BP (07) 14, and BP (07) 17 are the most suitable for the extraction of top-cross hybrids with high grain yield, efficiency, and responsiveness to N. Highlights Extraction of inbred lines is a very important step in maize breeding. Hybrid DKB 789 showed potential for extraction of partially inbred lines. BP (07) 13, BP (07) 14, and BP (07) 17 are the most suitable for the extraction of top-cross hybrids

Ensino remoto em tempos de pandemia: considerações sobre o ensino não presencial emergencial na Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR): Remote education in pandemic times: considerations about the emergency Off-site teaching at the Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCAR)

Por conta da pandemia da Covid-19, o ambiente universitário precisou adaptar suas atividades e o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Na Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), a experiência contraditória do ENPE trouxe diversas complicações e agravantes. Por meio da realização de entrevistas, questionários e do levantamento documental, bem como da participação observante em espaços de decisão institucionais e da experiência em oferecer, monitorar e participar de aulas realizadas de forma remota, buscamos apontar as características do ensino remoto, em geral, e das particularidades do ensino não-presencial emergencial, em específico, além de apontar algumas alternativas e possibilidades.&nbsp

Generators factors of Burnout Syndrome in health professional

Objective: to identify factors related to the Burnout Syndrome in health professionals. Methods: descriptive study performed by an integrative literature review, with data collection conducted in a virtual library called BIREME. Results: only eight of 410 selected papers met the inclusion criteria. These referred to the Burnout Syndrome in Community Health Workers, in physicians working in Family Health Strategy, mental health professionals, nurses who work in Intensive Care Units, workers of a hospital of medium complexity and in Physical Education teachers. The syndrome above mentioned arises because of a set of factors. Workers who directly deal with people experience it, and it is a result of chronic stress. Conclusion: the improvement of working conditions of professionals helps to provide a more appropriate health care to professionals with signs of the Burnout Syndrome

CONSUMO DE BEBIDA ALCOÓLICA E TABAGISMO EM HOMENS HIPERTENSOS

Objetivo: caracterizar o consumo de bebida alcoólica e tabagismo em homens hipertensos. Método: trata-se de estudo transversal, com amostra de conveniência, sendo 130 homens entrevistados. Dados analisados em percentuais, médias e desvio padrão. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 58,32 (dp=9,99). Predominaram casados, negros, baixa classe socioeconômica, ensino fundamental completo/incompleto, ativos profissionalmente. Observou-se que 37,7% eram fumantes passivos, 34,6% ex-tabagistas e 7,7% fumavam, predominando o uso de cigarro. Consumiam bebida alcoólica 52,3% dos homens, os demais nunca consumiram (18,5%) ou haviam parado (29,2%). Maior proporção consumia cerveja, bebidas destiladas e vinho, sendo o uso maior no final de semana (cerveja 32,4% vs 94,15; destilada 13,2% vs 22,0% e vinho 10,3% vs 17,6%) e excessivo para 67,6% dos homens. Conclusão: houve proporção elevada de fumantes passivos e consumo excessivo de álcool no final de semana. Uma proposta terapêutica compartilhada deve combater esses fatores de risco junto aos homens.Descritores: Hipertensão. Saúde do homem. Fatores de risco. Abuso de álcool. Tabagismo

Compostos fenólicos, carotenoides e atividade antioxidante em híbrido de milho superdoce

The objective of this work was to determine the total carotenoids, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity of 'UENF SD 08' (super-sweet corn) and to compare them with those of 'UENF50611' (field corn). The total carotenoid content was determined according to Rodriguez-Amaya, the total phenolic content by the Folin-Ciocalteau method, and the antioxidant activity by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging method. For 'UENF SD 08', the average values were: 936.76±16.34 µg 100 g-1 for carotenoids, 346.0±3.80 mg 100 g-1 for phenolics, and 45.53±0.01% for antioxidant activity. For UENF50611, the average values were: 1,173.38±21.66 µg 100 g-1 for carotenoids, 563.33±7.97 mg 100 g-1 for phenolics, and 59.82±0.11% for antioxidant activity. UENF50611 showed a higher antioxidant activity observed due to its higher levels of carotenoids and phenolic compounds; however, the values observed for the 'UENF SD 08' super-sweet corn are within the ranges already described in the literature. 'UENF SD 08' contains a lower concentration of carotenoids and phenolic compounds than 'UENF50611', its nonmutant genetic background. However, the super-sweet corn 'UENF SD 08' has agronomic advantages, is considered a source of the evaluated secondary metabolites, and its consumption can contribute to a diet with a higher content of antioxidants.O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os carotenoides totais, os fenólicos totais e a atividade antioxidante de 'UENF SD 08' (milho superdoce) e compará-los com os de 'UENF50611' (milho comum). O conteúdo de carotenoides totais foi determinado de acordo com Rodriguez-Amaya, o de fenólicos totais pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteau e a atividade antioxidante pelo método de sequestro de radicais livres de 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazila (DPPH). Para 'UENF SD 08', os valores médios foram: 936,76±16,34 µg 100 g-1 para carotenoides, 346,0±3,80 mg 100 g-1 para fenólicos e 45,53±0,01% para atividade antioxidante. Para 'UENF50611', os valores médios foram: 1.173,38±21,66 µg 100 g-1 para carotenoides, 563,33±7,97 mg 100 g-1 para fenólicos e 59,82±0,11 para atividade antioxidante. O milho 'UENF50611' apresentou maior atividade antioxidante devido aos seus maiores teores de carotenoides e compostos fenólicos; porém, os valores observados para o milho superdoce 'UENF SD 08' estão dentro das faixas já descritas na literatura. 'UENF SD 08' contém menor concentração de carotenoides e compostos fenólicos que 'UENF50611', seu background genético não mutante. Contudo, o milho superdoce apresenta vantagens agronômicas, é considerado fonte dos metabólitos secundários avaliados e seu consumo pode contribuir para dieta com teor mais elevado de antioxidantes

Estudo de alterações bucais em pacientes renais crônicos submetidos à hemodiálise / Study of oral changes in chronic kidney patients undergoing hemodialysis

A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar as condições bucais de pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise do Hospital da FAP, a partir de exames clínicos e fazer a avaliação do índice CPO-D. A amostra foi constituída por 50 pacientes com tempo médio de nefropatia (7,34) e de hemodiálise (5,55) anos. Para determinar a situação bucal destes pacientes analisou-se a prevalência de cárie dentária (CPO-D). A média de idade foi de 52,2 anos. A média CPO-D foi de 20,9 variando de 1,0 a 32,0 com prevalência do componente perdido. As alterações diagnosticadas clinicamente foram líquen plano, hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória e hipoplasia de esmalte. A hipertensão foi identificada como a doença que levou à insuficiência renal crônica em 28,0% dos casos. A experiência de cárie, avaliada pelo índice CPO-D, foi maior entre as mulheres em comparação com os homens. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de tratamento odontológico destes pacientes, bem como o acompanhamento odontológico periódico e orientação quanto à manutenção de hábitos adequados relacionados à saúde bucal

A engenharia de produção: formação acadêmica e habilidades e competências desenvolvidas

-A modalidade de curso de graduação em engenharia denominada de Engenharia de Produção é relativamente recente se comparada com as demaisengenharias, especialmente a Engenharia Civil que é considerada a não militar mais antiga e que conta com mais de dois séculos de existência decursos regulares no Brasil. Dentre deste contexto, o presente trabalho visa verificar quais são as principais competências e habilidades desenvolvidasnos cursos de Engenharia de Produção e a sua inter-relação com as demais modalidades de engenharia. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão doconceito de competência, sua evolução, e as diversas abordagens encontradas para subsidiar a pesquisa, destacando sua relevância nas diretrizescurriculares, d e tal forma a viabilizar uma análise das implicações desta temática para melhoria dos projetos político-pedagógico de cursos. Por fim,apresentar o método utilizado para a criação de um instrumento que torne capaz a mensuração do nível de desenvolvimento das competências deum engenheiro de produção nos diversos cursos do país

Genetic Factors and the Risk of Periodontitis Development: Findings from a Systematic Review Composed of 13 Studies of Meta-Analysis with 71,531 Participants

Purpose. This work aimed to synthesize the results of recent meta-analysis focusing on polymorphism in inflammatory mediators and its relation with the risk of periodontitis development. Materials and Methods. A systematic search was conducted using databases for publications prior to October 2016. Three examiners extracted data from articles with a clear association between polymorphisms in the inflammatory mediator gene and the development of periodontitis through meta-analysis using the fixed or randomized statistical models to calculate the Odds Ratio with values of P<0.05 considered significant. Results. A total of 13 meta-analysis articles with 25 polymorphisms in seven interleukins (IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-18), three cellular receptors (Fcγ receptors: FCGR2A, FCGR3A, and FCGR3B), and five inflammatory mediators (COX-2, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, and MMP-9), with a total of 71,531 participants, approaching different classifications of the disease. Conclusion. The study demonstrated that polymorphisms in the IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-6, IL-10, MMP-3 (chronic form), and MMP-9 (chronic form) polymorphisms were significantly associated with the risk of developing periodontitis, whereas other polymorphisms in the IL-4, IL-8, IL-18, Fcγ, COX-2, MMP-2, MMP-3 (aggressive), MMP-8, and MMP-9 (aggressive) polymorphisms had no significant association with risk of developing periodontitis

Dietary restriction abrogates antibody production induced by a DNA vaccine encoding the mycobacterial 65 kDa heat shock protein

Abstract\ud \ud \ud \ud Background\ud \ud Protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) is the most common type of malnutrition. PCM leads to immunodeficiency and consequent increased susceptibility to infectious agents. In addition, responses to prophylactic vaccines depend on nutritional status. This study aims to evaluate the ability of undernourished mice to mount an immune response to a genetic vaccine (pVAXhsp65) against tuberculosis, containing the gene coding for the heat shock protein 65 from mycobacteria.\ud \ud \ud \ud Methods\ud \ud Young adult female BALB/c mice were fed ad libitum or with 80% of the amount of food consumed by a normal diet group. We initially characterized a mice model of dietary restriction by determining body and spleen weights, hematological parameters and histopathological changes in lymphoid organs. The ability of splenic cells to produce IFN-gamma and IL-4 upon in vitro stimulation with LPS or S. aureus and the serum titer of specific IgG1 and IgG2a anti-hsp65 antibodies after intramuscular immunization with pVAXhsp65 was then tested.\ud \ud \ud \ud Results\ud \ud Dietary restriction significantly decreased body and spleen weights and also the total lymphocyte count in blood. This restriction also determined a striking atrophy in lymphoid organs as spleen, thymus and lymphoid tissue associated with the small intestine. Specific antibodies were not detected in mice submitted to dietary restriction whereas the well nourished animals produced significant levels of both, IgG1 and IgG2a anti-hsp65.\ud \ud \ud \ud Conclusion\ud \ud 20% restriction in food intake deeply compromised humoral immunity induced by a genetic vaccine, alerting, therefore, for the relevance of the nutritional condition in vaccination programs based on these kinds of constructs.The present study was supported by a scholarship award to Larissa L. W. Ishikawa by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil.The present study was supported by a scholarship award to Larissa L. W. Ishikawa by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Brazil