Dispositif hybride et enseignement des langues à l'université : quelle acceptation par les étudiants spécialistes d'autres disciplines ?

National audienceThis article studies the acceptation of Spanish hybrid system by students in 2nd year of a bachelor's degree in information and communication. This instructional model consists in the alternation between traditional classroom and online courses that are on a platform integrated in the university's digital work space. Acceptation was studied according to the dimensions proposed by Bobillier-Chaumon and Dubois. The results show that this acceptation has limits and is ambiguous. Causal factors are proposed.Cet article étudie l'acceptation par les étudiants de deuxième année de licence en information et communication d'un dispositif hybride pour l'apprentissage de l'espagnol. Ce dispositif prévoit l'alternance régulière de cours en présentiel et à distance sur une plateforme de formation intégrée à l'ENT de l'université. L'acceptation a été étudiée selon les dimensions proposées par Bobillier-Chaumon et Dubois. Les résultats montrent que cette acceptation est limitée et ambiguë. Des facteurs explicatifs sont proposés

El sentimiento relacional de género en el alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

Esta comunicación presenta resultados empíricos sobre la preferencia relacional del alumnado en la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. Mediante el instrumento Escala de Preferencias Relacionales de Género se indaga en las predisposiciones del alumnado a elegir o rechazar a chicos o chicas según el tipo de actividad conjunta a desarrollar. Según las elecciones o los rechazos constatados podemos conocer acerca de la presencia de los mandatos de género en las aulas escolares. La muestra se compone de 722 estudiantes (chicas y chicos = 50%) de E.S.O. de la provincia de Sevilla. El error muestral es de 3,7% con un nivel de confianza del 95,5% con la máxima varianza proporcional (p = q). Los resultados muestran algunas pautas de elección según el género, observándose que las chicas son más elegidas para compartir secretos o los chicos para practicar deporte, lo que nos permite concluir sobre la presencia en la escuela de los mandatos de género patriarcales.This paper presents empirical results on relational preference of students in secondary education. The instrument Relational Scale for Gender Preferences explores students' predispositions to choose or refuse to boys or girls under the joint activity to develop. According to the observed choices or rejections can know about the presence of gender mandates in the classroom. The sample consists of 722 students (girls and boys = 50%) of ESO in the province of Seville. The sampling error is 3.7% with a confidence level of 95.5% with maximum variance method (p = q). The results show some patterns of choice by gender, showing that girls are chosen to share secrets or the kids to play sports, allowing us to conclude about the presence in the school of patriarchal gender mandates

Wide-field Mueller matrix polarimetry for spectral characterization of basic biological tissues: muscle, fat, connective tissue, and skin

This study investigates the polarimetric properties of skin, skeletal muscle, connective tissue, and fat using Mueller matrix imaging. It aims to compare the polarimetric characteristics of these tissues and explore how they evolve with wavelength. Additionally, the temporal evolution of certain tissues during meat aging is studied, providing insights into the dynamic behavior of polarimetric properties over time. The research employs back-scattering configuration and the differential decomposition analysis method of Mueller matrix images. Both in-vivo and ex-vivo experiments were conducted using a consistent instrument setup to ensure reliable analysis. The results reveal wavelength-dependent variations in tissue properties, including an increase in depolarization with wavelength. Significant differences in the polarimetric characteristics of meat tissues, particularly for skeletal muscle, are observed. Over a 24-h period, intensity, diattenuation, and retardation experience alterations, being the decreased retardation in skeletal muscle and the increased retardation in fat the most notable ones

ECG-based monitoring of blood potassium concentration: Periodic versus principal component as lead transformation for biomarker robustness

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the performance of two electrocardiogram (ECG) lead-space reduction (LSR) techniques in generating a transformed ECG lead from which T-wave morphology markers can be reliably derived to non-invasively monitor blood potassium concentration ([K+]) in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). These LSR techniques are: (1) principal component analysis (PCA), learned on the T wave, and (2) periodic component analysis (πCA), either learned on the whole QRST complex (πCB) or on the T wave (πCT). We hypothesized πCA is less sensitive to non-periodic disturbances, like noise and body position changes (BPC), than PCA, thus leading to more reliable T wave morphology markers. Methods: We compared the ability of T wave morphology markers obtained from PCA, πCB and πCT in tracking [K+] in an ESRD-HD dataset, including 29 patients, during and after HD (evaluated by correlation and residual fitting error analysis). We also studied their robustness to BPC using an annotated database, including 20 healthy individuals, as well as to different levels of noise using a simulation set-up (assessed by means of Mann–Whitney U test and relative error, respectively). Results: The performance of both πCB and πCT-based markers in following [K+]-variations during HD was comparable, and superior to that from PCA-based markers. Moreover, πCT-based markers showed superior robustness against BPC and noise. Conclusion: Both πCB and πCT outperform PCA in terms of monitoring [K+] in ESRD-HD patients, as well as of robustness against BPC and low SNR, with πCT showing the highest stability for continuous post-HD monitoring. Significance: The usage of πCA (i) increases the accuracy in monitoring dynamic [K+] variations in ESRD-HD patients and (ii) reduces the sensitivity to BPC and noise in deriving T wave morphology markers. © 2021 The Author(s

Calidad relacional de las mujeres rurales en las redes sociales on line: validación del constructo con PLS (Partial Least Squares)

El objetivo de esta investigación es la validación del constructo“calidad relacional percibida” por mujeres de zonas rurales en las redes sociales online. Para ello, abordamos la medida de la calidad relacional percibidaincorporando una nueva dimensión: las interacciones de regulación, a las consideradas en estudios previos como la confianza, la satisfacción y el compromiso. El diseño correlacional se basa en un estudio tipo survey apoyado en entrevistas personales a 478 mujeres de la provincia de Sevilla. Las respuestas se recogen en escalas tipo Likert (0-4). El análisis de datos combina técnicas exploratorias y confirmatorias usando SPSS (v. 18) y SmartPLS 2.0. Obtenemos un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que confirma las hipótesis de relaciones entre las dimensiones establecidas, con altos indicadores de fiabilidad y validez. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten planificar y tomar decisiones que inciden en una mejora de sus interacciones en las redes sociales online.The focus of our research is the perceived relationship quality by women. Within this, we try to solve a problem of measuring the quality of the relationship, while we hope to link a new dimension to the measurement process. This is a correlational study, based on interviews "face to face". Their responses are recorded using Likert scales (0-4). There have been 478 women interviewed of the province of Seville. For data analysis we used SPSS and also combine exploratory and confirmatory analytical techniques, using SmartPLS 2.0.As the study results we obtain a structural equation model confirms the hypothetical set of relationships between the 4 dimensions. Also, we obtained high indicators of reliability and validity for the measurement model. The results obtained allow us to develop plans and make decisions on how to support women in rural areas to conduct a more profitable use of their interactions in social networks

Necesidades de orientación para el empleo en Andalucía

En nuestro país se constata la escasez de estudios que recojan análisis sobre las necesidades de orientación de personas adultas. Si bien disponemos de cierta información sobre las necesidades de grupos específicos (universitarios, mujeres, inmigrantes…), carecemos de un marco común que caracterice a la población adulta en su conjunto. Esta comunicación presenta los resultados de un estudio cuyo objetivo es identificar las necesidades de orientación para la elaboración del proyecto vital/profesional de las personas adultas, desarrollado en la Comunidad Autónoma Andaluza. En concreto, se ha aplicado un cuestionario, elaborado por el equipo de investigación, a una muestra de 501 personas usuarias de los servicios de orientación para el empleo. Los análisis realizados adelantan que los/as usuarios declaran tener mayor nivel de necesidad en el ámbito de las habilidades de autoexploración, seguido de las habilidades para la gestión y puesta en práctica del proyecto vital/profesionalIn our country, there is a lack of studies based on the needs of guidance analysis of adult people. We have some information about the needs of guidance of specific groups (undergraduates, women, immigrants,...). Nevertheless, we do not have a common framework that characterizes the adult population as a whole. This paper presents the results of a study aimed at identifying the needs of guidance to development the professional and vital project of adult people. This study has been developed at the Autonomous Community of Andalusia. Specifically, we applied a questionnaire, created by the research team, to 501 users of guidance services for employment. The analysis carried out put forward that the users have higher levels of need in the field of self-examination skills, followed by management and implementation skills of vital/professional project

Antibacterial potential of commercial and wild lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from ovine and caprine raw milk against Mycoplasma agalactiae

© 2023 Toquet, Bataller, Gomis, Sánchez, Toledo-Perona, De la Fe, Corrales and Gómez-Martín. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY license, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/ This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Frontiers in Veterinary Science. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1197701Introduction: The complexity of fighting contagious agalactia (CA) has raised the necessity of alternative antimicrobial therapies, such as probiotics. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are present in the mammary gland of small ruminants and their antimicrobial effect have been previously described against species like Mycoplasma bovis but never against Mycoplasma agalactiae (Ma). This in vitro study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against Ma of ovine and caprine LAB strains and a human commercial probiotic (L2) of Lactobacillus spp. Methods: A total of 63 possible LAB strains were isolated from nine ovine and caprine farms in Spain, three isolates (33B, 248D, and 120B) from the 63 strains were selected, based on their capacity to grow in a specific medium in vitro, for an in vitro experiment to assess their antimicrobial activity against Ma in Ultra High Temperature (UHT) processed goat milk (GM). A women commercial vaginal probiotic was also included in the study. The inoculum of L2 was prepared at a concentration of 3.24 × 108  CFU/mL and the average concentration of the inoculum of the wild LAB varied from 7.9 × 107 to 8.4 × 108  CFU/mL. Results: The commercial probiotic L2 significantly reduced the concentration of Ma to 0.000 log CFU/mL (p < 0.001), strain 33B reduced it from 7.185 to 1.279 log CFU/mL (p < 0.001), and 120B from 6.825 to 6.466 log CFU/mL (p < 0.05). Strain 248D presented a bacteriostatic effect in GM. Moreover, the three wild strains and the commercial probiotic produced a significative reduction of the pH (p < 0.001). Discussion: This is the first in vivo report of the antimicrobial potential of LAB strains against Ma and its interaction. Our results support possible future alternative strategies to antibiotic therapy, previously not contemplated, to fight CA in small ruminants. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the action mechanisms through which these LAB are able to inhibit Ma and to assess the safety of using these strains in possible in vivo studies

Social cognition and social functioning in people with borderline personality disorder and their first-degree relatives

Background: A few papers studying healthy, first-degree relatives of people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) have found that this group presents attention and memory problems. However, current research has not analyzed their social cognition. Materials and Methods: We designed an age-, gender- and education-level matched case-control study involving 57 people with BPD, 32 of their first-degree relatives, and 57 healthy controls in Spain in 2018–2019. All were assessed for social cognition and functioning using the Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition and the Social Functioning Scale; other potential confounders were also collected (marital status, occupation and household variables). Results: There were differences in the social cognition domain of overmentalizing errors, with the BPD group scoring significantly higher than controls; however, there was no significant difference with relatives; in the social functioning domain of family relationships, with the controls showing the highest scores. Social engagement/ withdrawal, interpersonal behavior, independence-competence, prosocial activities, full scale and categorization domains showed the same pattern: the BPD group had lower scores than their relatives and the controls. Relatives were significantly different from BPD patients in family relationships, social engagement/withdrawal and interpersonal behavior, as well as on the full Social Functioning Scale (both as a linear and categorical variable). However, only controls showed differences with relatives in family relationships. Conclusions: All in all, relatives show similar levels of social cognition and functioning compared with controls, and people with BPD show some alterations in different domains of both social cognition and functioning

The addition of Lactobacillus spp. negatively affects Mycoplasma bovis viability in bovine cervical mucus

© The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in BMC Veterinary Research. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-020-02454-9Background Mycoplasma bovis is an important pathogen for the cattle industry worldwide causing significant economic losses. Several transmission routes, including those related to reproduction, have been described. Indeed, the pathogen can colonize the female reproductive tract after artificial insemination (AI) with contaminated semen. Lactobacillus spp.-based probiotics have been used for vaginal dysbiosis treatment in women and cows although their role in controlling cervico-vaginal infections due to M. bovis is unknown. The objective of the present work is to assess the viability of M. bovis (PG45, NCTC 10131) in experimentally contaminated cervical mucus after the addition of Lactobacillus spp. at different concentrations as a competing agent and pH acidifier. Results The addition of probiotic at a concentration higher than 108 colony forming units (CFU/mL had a detrimental effect (P < 0.05) on mycoplasma viability in cervical mucus. This coincided with a significant LAB growth and an important decrease in pH from 8.4 to 5.6 (P < 0.05). However, after the addition of less concentrated probiotic, M. bovis survival was not affected and there was no significant LAB growth despite the drop of pH from 8.4 to 6.73 (P < 0.05). Conclusion The addition of concentrations higher than 108 CFU/mL of Lactobacillus spp. negatively affects M. bovis viability in bovine cervical mucus under in vitro conditions. Although the effect observed on the pathogen viability seems to be related to the pH decrease after LAB proliferation in cervical mucus, further studies are necessary to elucidate if other factors are implicated. Nevertheless, the administration of Lactobacillus spp.-based probiotics might be used in the future to control M. bovis proliferation in the cervico-vaginal tract of cows

The Addition of Lactobacillus spp., Enrofloxacin or Doxycycline Negatively Affects the Viability of Mycoplasma bovis in Diluted Bovine Semen

© The Authors. 2020. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Animals. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10050837Mycoplasma bovis is an important etiologic agent of bovine mycoplasmosis in cattle. Different transmission routes have been described, including those related to reproduction. The presence of mycoplasma in semen has led to its appearance in infection-free areas through artificial insemination (AI). Semen was recently reported to be the initial source of two M. bovis mastitis outbreaks in two closed dairy herds in Finland. This questions the effectiveness of the antimicrobials currently used in semen extenders to control the pathogens in contaminated semen. They should be re-evaluated, or alternative measures to antimicrobials should be tested to obtain M. bovis-free semen. This in vitro study aimed to assess different strategies to reduce the risk of transmission of M. bovis through AI technologies. The viability of M. bovis (PG45, NCTC 10131) in bull semen diluted (DS) in a Tris-citrate-fructose solution was tested, after the addition of enrofloxacin, doxycycline or a Lactobacillus spp.-based probiotic. The data show the susceptibility of the pathogen to the addition of 0.125 μg/mL of enrofloxacin or 0.0625 μg/mL of doxycycline and to the addition of the probiotic at a concentration of 3.24 × 106 colony forming units (CFU)/mL or 3.24 × 108 CFU/mL in DS. The Tris-citrate-fructose medium negatively affected the viability of M. bovis, although this effect was lower than that observed after the addition of the probiotic and antimicrobials (p < 0.05). Our results may support new strategies for reducing the risk of M. bovis transmission through AI