Sublineage A1 Drives Multi-Organ Carcinogenesis

by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (FCT/MCTES, Portugal) through national funds to iNOVA4Health (UIDB/04462/2020 and UIDP/ 04462/2020); from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020—Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Pro- Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 12371 8 of 10 gramme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT). This work was also supported by Fundos FEDER through the Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade—COMPETE and by Fundos Nacionais through the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia within the scope of the project UID/BIM/00009/2019 (Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health-ToxOmics); and from LA/P/0045/2020 (ALiCE), UIDB/00511/2020 and UIDP/00511/2020 (LEPABE), funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC); 2SMART (NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-000054), supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).The study of human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced carcinogenesis uses multiple in vivo mouse models, one of which relies on the cytokeratin 14 gene promoter to drive the expression of all HPV early oncogenes. This study aimed to determine the HPV16 variant and sublineage present in the K14HPV16 mouse model. This information can be considered of great importance to further enhance this K14HPV16 model as an essential research tool and optimize its use for basic and translational studies. Our study evaluated HPV DNA from 17 samples isolated from 4 animals, both wild-type (n = 2) and HPV16-transgenic mice (n = 2). Total DNA was extracted from tissues and the detection of HPV16 was performed using a qPCR multiplex. HPV16-positive samples were subsequently whole-genome sequenced by next-generation sequencing techniques. The phylogenetic positioning clearly shows K14HPV16 samples clustering together in the sub-lineage A1 (NC001526.4). A comparative genome analysis of K14HPV16 samples revealed three mutations to the human papillomaviruses type 16 sublineage A1 representative strain. Knowledge of the HPV 16 variant is fundamental, and these findings will allow the rational use of this animal model to explore the role of the A1 sublineage in HPV-driven cancer.publishersversionpublishe

Land cover, land use and malaria in the Amazon: a systematic literature review of studies using remotely sensed data

The nine countries sharing the Amazon forest accounted for 89% of all malaria cases reported in the Americas in 2008. Remote sensing can help identify the environmental determinants of malaria transmission and their temporo-spatial evolution. Seventeen studies characterizing land cover or land use features, and relating them to malaria in the Amazon subregion, were identified. These were reviewed in order to improve the understanding of the land cover/use class roles in malaria transmission. The indicators affecting the transmission risk were summarized in terms of temporal components, landscape fragmentation and anthropic pressure. This review helps to define a framework for future studies aiming to characterize and monitor malaria

Perfil dos pacientes internados em serviços de pediatria no município do Rio de Janeiro: mudamos? Profile of pediatric services inpatients in the city of Rio de Janeiro: have we changed?

Apesar das alterações observadas nos últimos anos no adoecimento e na mortalidade na infância com marcada redução das internações por doenças infecto-contagiosas, existem poucos estudos que apresentem o perfil clínico e demográfico das internações pediátricas em nosso meio. O estudo teve como objetivo identificar as características e os procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos das internações pediátricas em hospitais do sistema público de saúde no município do Rio de Janeiro. Quanto ao método, foi realizado estudo retrospectivo desenvolvido em quatro hospitais públicos no Rio de Janeiro, em amostra constituída de 170 internações ocorridas nas enfermarias de pediatria no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2008. As informações obtidas evidenciaram elevada frequência de crianças portadoras de doenças crônicas (47.6%) no conjunto das internações estudadas. Os serviços também apresentaram elevado percentual de pacientes com histórico de reinternação (35.3%). A análise por unidade mostrou que, entre os quatro serviços estudados, apenas um apresentou menor proporção de crianças portadoras de doenças crônicas e menor frequência de reinternações. Nas outras três unidades hospitalares, em mais da metade do grupo estudado, as causas de internações encontradas estavam ligadas às doenças crônicas. Os resultados confirmam a necessidade de organização dos serviços pediátricos no sentido de estarem preparados, com estrutura e processos de cuidado adequados, para o manejo, tratamento e acompanhamento do paciente portador de doença crônica.<br>Despite the changes observed in recent years in illness and mortality in childhood with a marked reduction in hospitalizations for infectious diseases, few studies exist that show the clinical and demographic profile of pediatric admissions in our midst. The study aimed to identify the characteristics and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of pediatric admissions in hospitals in the public health system in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. As to the method, a retrospective study conducted in four public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, in a sample consisting of 170 hospital admissions in pediatric wards from January to December 2008. The information obtained showed the high frequency of children with chronic diseases (47.6%) in all studied hospitals. The services also showed a high percentage of patients with a history of re-hospitalization (35.3%). The analysis unit showed that among the four services studied, only one showed a lower proportion of children with chronic diseases and lower frequency of readmissions. In the other three hospitals, more than half of the group studied, the causes of hospitalization were found linked to chronic diseases. The results confirm the need for organization of pediatric services in order to be prepared, with appropriate structure and processes of care, for the management, treatment and monitoring of patients with chronic diseases

Evaluation of milled pearl millet in the feeding of growing rabbits

Two experiments were carried out in order to estimate the nutritional value and the performance of growing rabbits fed different levels of pearl millet (ADR 7010). In the digestibility trial, nutritional values of pearl millet were determined in 22 45-day-old New Zealand White rabbits, allotted in a completely randomized design, subjected to two treatments - a reference diet and a test diet with 70% of its volume composed of reference diet and 30% of pearl millet - and 11 replications. The apparent digestibility values of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and gross energy of the pearl millet were 88.7, 85.4, 24.4 and 75.0%, respectively. In the performance trial, 120 32-day-old New Zealand White rabbits were used. Rabbits were allotted in a completely randomized design and subjected to six treatments, with 10 replications and two animals for each experimental unit. The diets were formulated with increasing levels of pearl millet (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%), substituting the corn in the reference diet, according to the digestible energy. No differences were observed in daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion, carcass traits and feed cost per kilogram of rabbit. Regardless of the amount of corn substituted, pearl can replace corn in diets for growing rabbits