Ferimento por arma branca impactada na face: relato de caso

A região maxilofacial é comumente acometida nos traumas, porém os ferimentos por arma branca em face são raros, acometendo, principalmente, jovens do gênero masculino e vítimas de agressão física. Cuidados em relação à manutenção das vias aéreas, aspectos neurológicos, oftalmológicos e vasculares integram o tratamento interdisciplinar. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em relatar o caso de um paciente do gênero masculino acometido por ferimento de arma branca, com uma faca impactada em região maxilofacial

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS COMUNIDADES VEGETAIS NA RESTINGA DE MARICÁ, RIO DE JANEIRO, SUDESTE DO BRASIL

A restinga, vegetação predominante na planície costeira de Maricá no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, vem sendo devastada nas últimas décadas devido à ocupação desordenada que afeta os ecossistemas e altera profundamente a paisagem. Os objetivos desse trabalho estão voltados para a caracterização das comunidades vegetais da restinga na Área de Proteção Ambiental de Maricá e das espécies vegetais dominantes. Estudos dessa natureza ainda são possíveis graças à preservação desta restinga, o que permite um maior conhecimento sobre a biogeografia da região, importante para o desenvolvimento responsável e para um gerenciamento costeiro eficaz. Para isto, foram realizados trabalhos de campo para a caracterização das comunidades vegetais e das principais espécies que as constituem. Foram identificadas as espécies mais representativas de oito comunidades vegetais: halófila-psamófila, duas comunidades scrub, dois brejos herbáceos, slack, floresta seca e vegetação arbustiva nas margens da lagoa

Dynamics of production and accumulation of phytolith assemblages in the Restinga of Maricá, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

The Maricá “restinga”, located on the eastern part of Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil), corresponds to one of the few remaining preserved areas of the state's coastal plain. This coastline presents two sand barriers separated by a depression where there is a freshwater swamp and different plant communities distributed in areas of high ecological diversity accompanying the local topography and the range of marine spray. This paper is a study of the soil phytolith assemblages in the Maricá restinga, with the intent of establishing reference collections for paleoenvironmental studies of this coastal area during the Quaternary. Phytoliths were chosen as proxies, but their use for reconstruction of this type of vegetation is pioneer research, so it was essential to characterize the phytolith assemblages for each plant community through the identification of the main morphotypes and whether or not they are preserved in coastal depositional environments under the effect of geomorphology and salinity. Eight plant communities, distributed almost parallel to the coastline over sandy barriers, lagoonal plain, lagoon margin and weathered basement were identified: Halophile-psamophile, near the beach; two Scrub communities, one over the Holocene barrier and the other over the Pleistocene barrier; two Herbaceous swamps, one between the two sand barriers, the other behind the Pleistocene barrier; Slack, in front of the Pleistocene barrier; Shrubby vegetation on the shore of Maricá lagoon and Dry forest, over the weathered Pre-Cambrian basement. In general, it was found that this type of environment is not very favorable for the formation and accumulation of phytoliths. Restinga plants did not prove to be large producers of phytoliths, except those known as such, as in the case of Poaceae and Cyperaceae. It was also observed that the permanence of phytoliths in sediments is strongly influenced by its particle size and organic matter content. The largest stocks of phytoliths were found in swamp communities, due to the presence of organic matter and low energy dynamics, and in dry forests, where a process of pedogenesis already occurs. Despite the low phytolith stocks present in modern assemblages, they show a high degree of conservation, which enabled significant results for the study of this type of vegetation. The calculated phytolith indices (tree density and water stress) consistently expressed, in detail, the environment of each community analyzed from the point of view of the type of vegetation cover and the conditions of water availability to plants.Fil: Gomes Coe, Heloisa Helena. Universidade do Estado de Rio do Janeiro; Brasil. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Medina Ramos, Yame Bronze. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Pereira dos Santos, Catia. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Carvalho da Silva, André Luiz. Universidade do Estado de Rio do Janeiro; BrasilFil: Pereira Silvestre, Carolina. Universidade Federal Fluminense; BrasilFil: Borrelli, Natalia Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencia Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Furtado de Sousa, Leandro de Oliveira. Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi-Arido; Brasi

Opal phytolith and isotopic studies of "Restinga" communities of Maricá, Brazil, as a modern reference for paleobiogeoclimatic reconstruction

AbstractThe Maricá restinga, located in the eastern part of the Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil), corresponds to one of the few remaining preserved areas of the state's coastal plain. This paper reports on a study of the Maricá restinga plant communities and also presents an identification of the main plant species present in each community, with the objective of establishing reference collections, by the methods of the proxies opal phytoliths and stable carbon isotopes, for paleoenvironmental reconstructions of this coastal area during the Quaternary. Six plant communities, distributed perpendicularly to the coast line over sandy barriers, lagoonal plain, lagoon margin and weathered basement were identified: halophile-psamophile, scrub, herbaceous swamp, slack, shrubby vegetation and dry forest. In general, the plant species analyzed in each community presented low productivity of opal phytoliths, as only the Poaceae, Cyperaceae and Arecaceae families produce a great amount and diversity of morphotypes of opal phytoliths. The results of the analysis of stable carbon isotopes in sediments indicated a predominance of C3 or a mixture of C3 and C4 plants, presenting a close correlation with the results found in plants collected in each community. In conclusion, it was verified that the carbon isotope analysis associated with that of the opal phytoliths are good proxies for the reconstruction of vegetation in the study area

Especificidade da armadilha Adultrap para capturar fêmeas de Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Specificity of the Adultrap for capturing females of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

A Adultrap é uma nova armadilha feita para capturar fêmeas de Aedes aegypti. Foram realizados testes para avaliar sua especificidade tendo como referência a técnica da aspiração da espécie em abrigos artificiais. A Adultrap ficou exposta por 24 horas no intradomicílio e peridomicílio de 120 casas sorteadas em dois bairros da Cidade de Foz do Iguaçu, Estado do Paraná. O teste estatístico foi o modelo log-linear de Poisson. O resultado foi a captura de 726 mosquitos Culicidae, dos quais 80 eram Aedes aegypti. A Adultrap capturou apenas fêmeas desta espécie, enquanto o aspirador os dois sexos de Aedes aegypti e mais cinco outras espécies. A Adultrap capturou Aedes aegypti dentro e fora das casas, mas a análise indicou que no peridomicílio a armadilha capturou significantemente mais fêmeas do que a aspiração. Também, ficou evidenciada a sensibilidade da Adultrap para detectar Aedes aegypti em situação de baixa freqüência.<br>The Adultrap is a new trap built for capturing females of Aedes aegypti. Tests were carried out to evaluate the specificity of this trap in comparison with the technique of aspiration of specimens in artificial shelters. Adultraps were kept for 24 hours inside and outside 120 randomly selected homes in two districts of the city of Foz do Iguaçú, State of Paraná. The statistical test was Poisson’s log-linear model. The result was 726 mosquitoes captured, of which 80 were Aedes aegypti. The Adultrap captured only females of this species, while the aspiration method captured both sexes of Aedes aegypti and another five species. The Adultrap captured Aedes aegypti inside and outside the homes, but the analysis indicated that, outside the homes, this trap captured significantly more females than aspiration did. The sensitivity of the Adultrap for detecting females of Aedes aegypti in low-frequency situations was also demonstrated

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications