Efeitos de um programa de enfermagem de reabilitação na prevenção do declínio funcional em idosos institucionalizados

Este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos de um programa de treino em idosos institucionalizados, com vista à prevenção do declínio funcional característico neste grupo etário. Partindo desse objetivo inicial delineámos um estudo quase-experimental com avaliação pré e pós-intervenção, em que a amostra integrou vinte e cinco participantes, quinze deles no grupo de intervenção (85,87±6,11 anos) e dez no grupo de controlo (85,80±4,64). Todos foram submetidos a uma avaliação pré e pós-intervenção através de instrumentos universalmente aceites (a bateria de testes funcionais de Rikli e Jones, a avaliação do medo de cair pela Falls Efficacy Scale e a força muscular por dinamometria manual), sendo ainda avaliada a composição corporal. O programa teve periodicidade trissemanal durante 6 meses e de acordo com os resultados, houve melhoria significativa no grupo de intervenção, em relação ao número de repetições observadas no teste “sentar e levantar”, no teste “flexão do cotovelo com alteres”, no Timed Up-and-Go e no teste de equilíbrio unipodal, observando-se ainda um incremento da força da mão direita entre avaliações. No grupo de intervenção observamos um ligeiro aumento na confiança para a realização das AVD, contudo sem significado estatístico. Os resultados sugerem benefícios e contributos com vista à melhoria da condição física dos idosos institucionalizados.The present study examined the effects of physical training program in institutionalized elderly for prevention of functional decline. Based on this initial goal we planned a quasi-experimental study with pre and post intervention with twenty-five participants as final sample, fifteen from the experimental group (85.87±6.11 years) and ten from the control group (85.80±4.64 years). Each of the individuals underwent an evaluation pre and post intervention using research instruments universally accepted (the functional fitness test, the assessment of fear of falling by the Falls Efficacy Scale and muscle strength by handgrip), and we also assessed body composition of the elderly. The program was conducted three times a week for six months, and the results indicated that individuals in the experimental group improved the number of repetitions in the sit to stand functional test, arm curl test, timed up and go test and single leg balance test, observing yet an increase in the strength of the right hand. In the intervention group we observe a small increase in confidence in the performance of ADLs but without statistical significance. The results suggest benefits and contribution to improve the physical condition of the institutionalized elderly

Efectos de un programa de enfermería de rehabilitación en la aptitud funcional de ancianos institucionalizados

A aptidão funcional é essencial à execução autónoma das atividades de vida diária. A aptidão funcional em idosos inclui vários componentes: força; treino aeróbico; flexibilidade; equilíbrio e composição corporal. Objetivos: Avaliar mudanças na aptidão funcional de idosos institucionalizados através de um programa de enfermagem de reabilitação baseado em exercício físico de moderada intensidade. Metodologia: Desenho pré-teste/pós-teste com grupo de controlo. O programa de intervenção incluiu 3 sessões semanais de 30 minutos cada, durante 6 meses. A aptidão funcional foi avaliada pela bateria de testes Functional Fitness Test (FFT) para idosos. O grupo de intervenção (GI) tinha 15 participantes e o grupo de controlo (GC) 10. Resultados: No GI (85,9 ± 6,1 anos) observámos um aumento significativo (p<0,05) da força de preensão manual; força de flexão do braço; mobilidade, agilidade/equilíbrio dinâmico e do equilíbrio unipodal. No GC (85,8 ± 4,6 anos) não se registaram alterações significativas em qualquer das componentes da aptidão funcional. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que os idosos do GI melhoraram a sua aptidão funcional

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries

Background Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P &lt; 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)