Dispersion-shifted fiber polarization scrambler based on faraday effect

Demonstration of an all-fiber polarization scrambler based on the Faraday effect is carried out. The device has been constructed using dispersion-shifted fiber that has a major tolerance to bends than standard single-mode fiber. Results about the fiber Verdet constant when 1550-nm light is launched are presented. The performance of the constructed device is also shown. Main features are insertion losses as low as 0.4 dB and scrambling frequency up to 20 kHz. Although here we emphasize its application to low-frequency heterodyne detection, the scrambler is applicable to other systems that are polarization dependent. In particular, it would be useful to overcome problems originated by polarization dependent gain in erbium-doped fiber amplified systems.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Ultrafast wavelength jumping and wavelength adjustment with low current using monolithically integrated FML for long-reach UDWDM-PON

Ultrafast wavelength jumping at optical network units (ONUs) for an access network with frequency modulated lasers (FMLs) is demonstrated. This FML consists of an intracavity tunable phase section and filtering gain section. It provides a total of 4.2 nm tuning range with fast wavelength jumping (2.2 nm in 1 µs) and fast adjustment (1.3 nm in 1.8 ns), providing a candidate for the fast tuning ONU for coherent ultradense wavelength-division multiplexing passive optical networks (WDM-PONs).Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Digital twin implementation for electric motor control

Aquesta tesi presenta la implementació d'un sistema de control de llaç tancat per a un motor AC sense escombretes utilitzant un digital twin per al desenvolupament i proves. L'objectiu d'aquest estudi és dissenyar una estratègia de control fiable i eficient que es pugui utilitzar per controlar un motor síncron d'imants permanents (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, PMSM) en diverses aplicacions, com ara vehicles elèctrics, robòtica i sistemes d'energies renovables. El primer pas d'aquesta investigació ha estat crear un digital twin que simuli el sistema físic, inclòs el motor, l'inversor trifàsic, la font d'alimentació i el controlador, mitjançant Simulink. El digital twin s'ha validat mitjançant un conjunt de senyals de prova i els resultats de la simulació van mostrar un bon acord amb el comportament esperat del sistema físic. L'algoritme de control s'implementa mitjançant la modulació d'amplada de pols de vectors espacials (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation, SVPWM) en combinació amb altres conceptes matemàtics, com ara Clake i Parke, per simplificar la complexitat del sistema d'equacions restants. Així, s'obté un control més eficient tant per als càlculs com per a la commutació dels interruptors. La tècnica SVPWM genera un conjunt de vectors de tensió aplicats al motor per aconseguir la velocitat i el parell desitjats. L'algoritme de control s'ha optimitzat per obtenir una alta eficiència i una baixa distorsió harmònica. Un cop validada la simulació i produint els resultats esperats, es compila el codi del controlador per al desplegament. Esmenta que el model de controlador Simulink és la interfície de control del motor, on es mostren les variables a controlar. El rendiment del sistema s'avalua mesurant la velocitat del motor, el parell i el corrent i comparant els resultats amb la simulació. Els resultats experimentals demostren l'èxit d'implementació del digital twin, l'estimació dels paràmetres del motor i l'algorisme de control. El sistema assoleix un bon rendiment dinàmic. En conclusió, el sistema de control desenvolupat ofereix una estratègia de control fiable i eficient per als motors sense escombretes d’AC, amb aplicacions potencials en diversos camps. L'enfocament del digital twin proporciona una manera flexible i rendible de dissenyar i optimitzar el sistema de control abans d'implementar-lo en un sistema físic. El mètode proposat es pot estendre a altres tipus de motors i sistemes electrònics de potència.This thesis presents the implementation of a closed-loop control system for an AC brushless motor using a digital twin for development and testing. The purpose of this study is to design a reliable and efficient control strategy that can be used to control a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in various applications, such as electric vehicles, robotics, and renewable energy systems. The first step of this research has been to create a digital twin that simulates the physical system, including the motor, three-phase inverter, power source, and controller, using Simulink. The digital twin has been validated using a set of test signals and the simulation results showed good agreement with the expected behavior of the physical system. The control algorithm is implemented using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) in combination with other mathematical concepts, such as Clake and Parke, to simplify the complexity of the remaining system of equations. Thus, a more efficient control is obtained for both the calculations and commutation of the switches. The SVPWM technique generates a set of voltage vectors applied to the motor to achieve the desired speed and torque. The control algorithm has been optimized to achieve a high efficiency and low harmonic distortion. Once the simulation has been validated and produces the expected results, the controller code is compiled for deployment. Mencion that the Simulink controller model is the motor control interface, where the variables to be controlled are displayed. The performance of the system is evaluated by measuring the motor speed, torque, and current and comparing the results with the simulation. The experimental results demonstrate the successful implementation of the digital twin, estimation of the motor parameters, and control algorithm. The system achieves good dynamic performance. In conclusion, the developed control system offers a reliable and efficient control strategy for AC brushless motors, with potential applications in various fields. The digital twin approach provides a flexible and cost-effective way to design and optimize the control system before implementing it in a physical system. The proposed method can be extended to other types of motors and power electronics systems

Nuevos escenarios de integración de intereses : los consejos económicos y sociales locales

Las consecuencias de las agitaciones económicas más recientes en España se manifiestan de forma mas abierta en las ciudades, lo que obliga a una nueva valoración de la planificación municipal en lo que se refiere a las políticas económicas. Mientras que las iniciativas económicas locales podrían ser útiles en detectar las causas de la crisis actual, la mayoría de los ayuntamientos no son competentes para evaluar y realizar programas económicos; carecen de las herramientas para promover actividades económicas locales, renovar la red local de producción, e influenciar el nivel de empleo local. Se apuesta por la creación de mas de los llamados Consejos Económicos y Sociales locales, similares a los que operan en Badalona, Terrassa, y Rubi. Tales organizaciones proporcionan un mecanismo positivo, estable, y formal para la toma decisiones económicas muncipales, implicando agentes socioeconómicos locales. Se detallan las metas, las posiciones, y las funciones de tales Consejos

Actores y cambio político en Centroamérica : un marco de análisis

El artículo tiene como objetivo desarrollar algunas hipótesis sobre la naturaleza y el tipo de relación, en la reciente política centroamericana, entre las condiciones estructurales y dinámicas de los procesos de cambio y las pautas de incidencia/adaptación a éstos por parte de los actores políticos de los países implicados. En concreto, se argumenta para los casos de Guatemala y Nicaragua la existencia de un profundo impacto mutuo, a través del cual las estrategias de partidos, movimientos populares, organizaciones empresariales y fuerzas armadas han modulado de forma decisiva el rumbo del proceso de cambio. Pero al mismo tiempo, dichos actores han resultado intensamente transformados -en sus dimensiones organizativas, ideológicas y programáticas- por las nuevas coordenadas institucionales y espacios políticos que habían contribuido a crear.The objective of the article is to point out some hypotheses on the nature and type of relationship -within the context of recent Central Arnerican politics- between the structural and dynamic conditions of the processes of change, and the specific ways political actors managed to adapt/impact upon them. Therefore, in the Guatemalan and Nicaraguan cases, it is argued that a profound reciprocal impact has taken place, whereby the strategic stands of political parties, popular movements, business organizations and the army succeeded in decisively shaping key aspects of the process of change. But, at the same time, these actors have been deeply transformed -in their organizational, ideological and programmatic dimensions- by the new institutional settings and political spaces they had contributed to build up

A novel methodology for measuring coherent homowavelength crosstalk in an optical signal supervisory system

We present a novel, easy, and cost-effective methodology that allows an optical signal supervisory system the detection, isolation, and measurement of the coherent homowavelength crosstalk within an optical node. It also identifies the degradation origin.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Implementation of intelligent manufacturing algorithms in agile architectures for production: world models for systems incorporating binary and continuous variables

Agile Manufacturing, Intelligent systems, AlgorithmsBuilding in previous works of the authors, the present paper focuses on the extension of the Algorithms described for the specific case study of binary systems (systems in which each variable can take one out of two values), to cases that also incorporate continuous variables (those which can take any continuous value within a range). This extension of the Algorithms makes possible the incorporation of new possibilities and functionalities for the treatment of the information received by the sensors of the manufacturing systems and in particular reduce the number of variables in which to monitor the states and costs of execution. The Construction of World Models based on this logical theory -that incorporates the knowledge derived from the results of a set of experiments conducted by the system utilizing a set of different algorithms- is applicable to a wide range of production systems topologies, which is also visited in the present work.Postprint (published version

El Complejo de Manglar del Mioceno Terminal de la isla de Mallorca

Abstract not availabl