Production of nitrogen oxide derivatives under the influence of NO-synthase inhibitors and natural compounds in mice with transplanted tumors

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the dynamics of nitric oxide derivative (NOD) formation in mice with transplanted tumors and to analize whether synthetic NO-synthase inhibitors, NO-donors and natural compounds could modulate NOD synthesis. Materials and Methods: In the study F1(C57BlxCBA), CBA/Lac, BDF and Balb/c mice were used. Endogenous NOD synthesis in mice with transplanted Ehrlich carcinoma (EC) and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) was estimated by measuring urine nitrates (NA) and nitrites (NI) excretion and their concentration in tumor tissue determined by cadmium-reduction method. Results: It is shown that EC development is accompanied by increased endogenous NOD formation whereas LLC growth — by its decrease. Total NOD excretion with urine in EC-bearing mice during tumor development was in the range of 1.1x10–7-7.0x10–6 mol/kg body weight that was 1.7–6.8 times higher than that in LLC-bearing mice. Treatment of EC-bearing animals with Nώ-nitro-L-arginine and aminoguanidine resulted in decreased NOD formation causing moderate tumor growth retardation. Effect of treatment with nitroprusside was shown to be dependent on the rout of its administration and dosage. Treatment of EC-bearing mice with picnogenol, tannic acid, spirulina and paprika enriched with selenium resulted in tumor growth inhibition at the early stage of EC growth accompanied by stimulation of endogenous NOD formation. Conclusion: Regulation of endogenous NOD formation towards normal physiological levels or hyperproduction of these compounds may result in tumor growth suppression

ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN THE DISTRIBUTION RATIOS OF ULTRA-LOW-FREQUENCY, LOW-FREQUENCY AND HIGH-FREQUENCY COMPONENTS OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY DURING THE PACED BREATHING TEST IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Were studied the distribution ratios of ultra-low-frequency, low-frequency and high-frequency components of the heart rate variability (HRV) as an indicator of the state of humoral and autonomic sympathetic and parasympathetic elements in regulation of heart rate in 35 patients with arterial hypertension (AH) aged 59 ± 5 years in the paced breathing test. Evaluation of spectral parameters of HRV was performed with the help of hardware and software «Kardiolab» («HAI-Medica»). Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of power reduction of low-frequency and high-frequency waves of HRV during the transition from spontaneous breathing to paced one: 1st group- less than 5 times; 2nd group – 5–20 times; 3rd group – more than 20 times. Statistical analysis was performed by means of parametric and nonparametric methods using Microsoft Excel 7.0. It was found that in patients with hypertension was observed prevalence of humoral effects in comparison with the sympathetic and parasympathetic parameters. The greater was the contribution of humoral component to the HRV spectrum, the lower was the response of HRV to the respiratory modulation

Signs and symptoms of endocrine organ diseases and metabolic disorders (diseases of pancreas and thyroid gland).

Lecture in internal medicine propaedeutic

Effects of selenium application on biochemical characteristics and biofortification level of kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes) produce.

Background: Biofortification of vegetables with selenium (Se) greatly depends on species tolerance to Se supply. Due to the scant information regarding kohlrabi Se biofortification, the aim of the present work was the evaluation of foliar sodium selenate application on yield and biochemical characteristics of three kohlrabi cultivars. Material and methods: A two years field experiment was conducted in Moscow region (Russia) on 3 kohlrabi cultivars using foliar biofortification with Na2Se04 solutions (50, 75 and 100 mg/L) and subsequent biochemical analysis of roots, stems and leaves. Results: Out of the three concentrations tested (50, 75 and 100 mg/L) plus an untreated control, the Se 75 dose demonstrated the strongest growth stimulation effect resulting in the increase of stem weight (by 1.35-1.61 times), yield (1.37-1.66 times), monosaccharide (1.59-2.24 times), ascorbic acid (1.54-2.01 times) and total phenolic levels (by 1.23-1.37 times), compared to the untreated control. The biofortification values varied from 69.4 (White Vienna 1390) to 59.9 (Dobrynya F1 hybrid) and 43.6 (Sonata F1 hybrid) under the Se dose of 100 mg/L. The maximum Se content in kohlrabi stems reached 4.40 mg/kg d.w. for Sonata F1, 3.53 mg/kg d.w. for Dobrynya F1 hybrids and 5.20 mg/kg d.w. for cultivar White Vienna 1390. Significant correlations were revealed between Se and total phenolics (0.720; p < 0.002), ascorbic acid (0.842; p < 0.001), monosaccharides (0.898; p < 0.001) and total sugar (0.764; p < 0.001). No significant changes in nitrate levels and dry matter content were recorded as the result of Se supply. Conclusion: The outcomes of the present research demonstrated the high benefits of Se application in improving kohlrabi yield and nutritional quality

Дослідження інтеграціі теплових потоків багатокорпусної випарної установки для концентрування сиропу сорго

The study on the integration of heat streams of the evaporation station for sorghum syrup concentrating is presented. The relevance of the research is is why the research, aimed at reducing the consumption of external energy and enhancing operating efficiency, is relevant and has practical value.The main purpose of the work is to create a scientifically substantiated design with enhanced economic indicators of operation, ensuring saving in consumption of hot utility (steam) and cooling water.The problem was solved using the pinch-analysis. Heat streams, requiring heating and cooling, were identified, and the alternative project based on the selection of the value of minimum temperature difference DTmin., was created. This value was calculated and substantiated based on the data on thermal streams. The stream of condensate of return steam, the heat excess of which had not been used so far, was added to the system. For the alternative project, the layout of heat exchange equipment was proposed, calculation of plate heat exchangers was performed. The designed network of heat exchangers made it possible to decrease the annual steam consumption by 18 %.Cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted by comparing the indicators for two of the projects of the syrup preheating department for the evaporation station. The proposed alternative project saves power consumption of cooling water by 35.9 kW, of heating vapor steam – by 60.5 kW. At the interest rate of profit tax of 18 %, implementation of the alternative project will pay off in 4 months. As a result, net annual gain of an enterprise is planned to increase by 16 %, at virtually the same payback period of the projects. Application of the methods of heat streams integration made it possible to develop an effective project of sorghum syrup preheating before evaporation and ensure saving of external utilities.Представлено исследование интеграции тепловых потоков многокорпусной выпарной установки для концентрирования сиропа сорго. Актуальность работы определяется технологией процесса, который требует высоких затрат энергии. Поэтому все исследования, направленные на снижение потребления внешней энергии и повышения эффективности работы, актуальны и имеют практическую ценность.Главной целью работы является создание научно обоснованного проекта с улучшенными экономическими показателями работы, обеспечение экономии потребления горячего теплоносителя (пара) и охлаждающей воды.Решение проблемы было проведено с использованием метода пинч-анализа. Были идентифицированы тепловые потоки, требующие нагрева и охлаждения, и создан альтернативный проект, основанный на выборе значения минимальной разницы температур DTmin. Это значение было рассчитано и обосновано на основе данных по тепловым потокам. В систему был добавлен поток конденсата ретурного пара, избыток тепла которого использовался до сих пор. Для альтернативного проекта была предложена схема размещения теплообменного оборудования, проведен расчет пластинчатых теплообменников. Запроектированная сеть теплообменных аппаратов позволила снизить годовой расход пара на 18 %.Анализ экономической эффективности проводился сравнением показателей для двух проектов отделения предварительного нагрева сиропа для выпарной станции. Предложенный альтернативный проект, обеспечивает экономию потребляемой мощности охлаждающей воды 35,9 кВт, греющего пара – 60,5 кВт. При процентной ставке налога 18 % реализация альтернативного проекта окупится через 4 месяца. В результате чистый годовой доход предприятия планируется больше на 16 %, при практически одинаковом сроке окупаемости проектов. Применение методов интеграции тепловых потоков позволило разработать эффективный проект предварительного подогрева сиропа сорго перед выпариванием и обеспечить экономию внешних утилитПредставлено дослідження інтеграції теплових потоків багатокорпусної випарної установки для концентрування сиропу сорго. Актуальність роботи визначається технологією процесу, який вимагає високих витрат енергії. Тому всі дослідження, спрямовані на зниження споживання зовнішньої енергії і підвищення ефективності роботи, актуальні і мають практичну цінність.Головною метою роботи є створення науково обґрунтованого проекту з поліпшеними економічними показниками роботи, забезпечення економії споживання гарячого теплоносія (пари) і охолоджуючої води.Рішення проблеми було проведено з використанням методу пинч-аналізу. Були ідентифіковані теплові потоки, що вимагають нагрівання та охолодження, і створений альтернативний проект, заснований на виборі значення мінімальної різниці температур DTmin. Це значення було розраховане і обґрунтовано на основі даних по тепловим потокам. У систему був доданий потік конденсату ретурної пари, надлишок тепла якого не використовувався досі. Для альтернативного проекту була запропонована схема розміщення теплообмінного обладнання, проведено розрахунок пластинчастих теплообмінників. Запроектована мережу теплообмінних апаратів дозволила знизити річні витрати пари на 18 %.Аналіз економічної ефективності проводився порівнянням показників для двох проектів відділення попереднього нагріву сиропу для випарної станції. Запропонований альтернативний проект, забезпечує економію споживаної потужності охолоджуючої води 35,9 кВт, пари, що гріє – 60,5 кВт. При процентній ставці податку 18 % реалізація альтернативного проекту окупиться через 4 місяці. В результаті чистий річний дохід підприємства планується більше на 16 %, при практично однаковому терміні окупності проектів. Застосування методів інтеграції теплових потоків дозволило розробити ефективний проект попереднього підігріву сиропу сорго перед випаровуванням та забезпечити економію зовнішніх утилі

Ecological Importance of Insects in Selenium Biogenic Cycling

Selenium is an essential trace element for animal and human beings. Despite the importance of insects in most ecosystems and their significant contribution to the biological cycling of trace elements due to high abundance, population productivity, and diverse ecosystem functions, surprisingly little information is available on selenium bioaccumulation by these arthropods. This review considers selenium essentiality and toxicity to insects as well as insects’ contribution to selenium trophic transfer through the food chains. Data on Se accumulation by insects of the Dniester River Valley with no anthropogenic Se loading reveal typically low Se content in necrophagous insects compared to predators and herbivores and seasonal variations in Se accumulation

INFLUENCE OF THE TOTAL POWER OF THE HEART RATE VARIABILITY SPECTRUM ON THE SPECTRAL PARAMETERS DISTRIBUTION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN A PACED BREATHING TEST

To determine the effect of the total power (TP) of the heart rate variability (HRV) spectrum on the distribution of high, low and very low frequency waves, 40 patients with arterial hypertension (AH) at the age of 58 ± 9 years were divided into 5 groups according to the degree of TP decrease in the initial stage of the test: 1st – more than 3000 ms2; 2nd – 3000–2000 ms2; 3rd – 2000-1000 ms2; 4th – 1000–500 ms2; 5th – less than 500 ms2. To assess HRV parameters in each group, 3 stages of the paced breathing test with a double (light and sound) metronome were evaluated; the hardware and software complex «Cardiolab» («HAI-Medica») was used. The distribution of the parameters was estimated taking into account the median, 25 and 75 quartiles. To estimate the differences between the statistical samples, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test was used, as well as the Craskell–Wallis criterion. Statistically significant differences were considered between the data at a value of p < 0.05. It was found that the greater is the degree of TP reduction, the more significant is the autonomic imbalance, as well as the decrease in the influence of paced breathing on the regulation of the heart rhythm; at TP values below 1000 ms2 not only the parasympathetic component decrease is observed, but also the transition from sympathicotonia to the neurohumoral factors prevalence