Quantum Computation in Quantum-Hall Systems

We describe a quantum information processor (quantum computer) based on the hyperfine interactions between the conduction electrons and nuclear spins embedded in a two-dimensional electron system in the quantum-Hall regime. Nuclear spins can be controlled individually by electromagnetic pulses. Their interactions, which are of the spin-exchange type, can be possibly switched on and off pair-wise dynamically, for nearest neighbors, by controlling impurities. We also propose the way to feed in the initial data and explore ideas for reading off the final results.Comment: 12 pages in LaTeX + 1 PostScript figur

Mouse Chromosome 11

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/46996/1/335_2004_Article_BF00648429.pd

Sample preparation method for scanning force microscopy

We present a method of sample preparation for studies of ion implantation on metal surfaces. The method, employing a mechanical mask, is specially adapted for samples analysed by Scanning Force Microscopy. It was successfully tested on polycrystallyne copper substrates implanted with phosphorus ions at an acceleration voltage of 39keV. The changes of the electrical properties of the surface were measured by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy and the surface composition was analysed by Auger Electron Spectroscopy.552561Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Neutron capture cross section of Ti-44

The cross section for thermal neutron capture by radioactive Ti-44 was measured to be sigma(gamma) = 1.1 +/- 0.2 b. This result was shown to be in agreement with a direct capture calculation. Possible implications of the Ti-44(n, gamma) reaction in nucleosynthesis are discussed. [S0556-2813(98)04610-X].Peer reviewe

On the half-life of {sup 44}Ti

One of the few long-lived gamma-ray emitting radioisotopes expected to be produced in substantial quantities during a supernova explosion is {sup 44}Ti. The relevant portions of the decay schemes of {sup 44}Ti and its daughter {sup 44}Sc are shown. {sup 44}Ti decays to {sup 44}Sc emitting {gamma} rays of 68 and 78 keV. {sup 44}Sc subsequently decays with a 3.93-hour half life to {sup 44}Ca emitting an 1,157-keV {gamma}ray. This characteristic 1,157-keV {gamma} ray from the decay of {sup 44}Ti has recently been observed from the supernova remnant Cas A. In order to compare the predicted {gamma}-ray flux to that actually observed from this remnant, one must know the half-life of {sup 44}Ti. However, published values for this quantity range from 46.4 to 66.6 years. Given that the Cas A supernova is believed to have occurred approximately 300 years ago, this translates to an uncertainty by a factor of 4 in the amount of {sup 44}Ti ejected by this supernova. Thus, in order to provide an accurate and reliable value for this important quantity, the authors have performed a new experiment to determine the half-life of {sup 44}Ti. The authors produced {sup 44}Ti via the {sup 45}Sc(p,2n) reaction using 40 MeV protons from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory`s 88-Inch Cyclotron. In the present experiment, the authors attempted to use all three {sup 44}Ti {gamma}-ray lines to determine its half life. However, analysis of the {sup 241}Am and {sup 137}Cs lines produced an incorrect value for the half life of each of these isotopes. On the other hand, the analysis of the {sup 22}Na line produced a result that agreed to within 0.5% of the known value of 2.603 years. Thus, they decided to concentrate their effort on the analysis of the 1,157-keV line. The half life of {sup 44}Ti that they deduce from this experiment is 63 {+-} 3 years