Effect of progesterone/estradiol ratio on pregnancy outcome of patients with high trigger-day progesterone levels undergoing gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles: a retrospective cohort study

This study investigates the predictive power of serum progesterone/estradiol (P/E-2) level for estimating the live birth rate in patients who had a serum progesterone (P) rate >= 1.5 ng/mL on the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration day and who received the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This retrospective cohort study included 176 cycles. The P/E-2 ratio was lower in patients with a live birth (0.73 +/- 0.54) than those without a live birth (1.05 +/- 1.38), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = .158). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the hCG day P/E-2 ratio, the area under the curve was 0.579 (95% confidence interval: 0.478 - 0.680, p = .158) for predicting live birth. In conclusion, this study suggests that a P/E-2 ratio is not a significant predictor of a live birth rate in the patients with an hCG-day serum progesterone level of >= 1.5 ng/mL undergoing GnRH antagonist ICSI cycles with a fresh embryo transfer

Modified myocardial performance index for evaluation of fetal heart function and perinatal outcomes in intrahepatic pregnancy cholestasis

This study aims to evaluate cardiac function in cases of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and compare results with those from healthy controls using the fetal left ventricular modified myocardial performance index (LMPI) and E-wave/Awave peak velocities (E/A ratio). Moreover, the association between LMPI values, total bile acid (TBA) levels, fetal Doppler measurements, and adverse neonatal outcomes was evaluated. A prospective cross-sectional study of 120 pregnant women was conducted, with 60 having ICP and the other 60 serving as controls. Doppler ultrasound and two-dimensional gray-scale fetal echocardiography were used to calculate the LMPI values and E/A ratios, respectively. The association between LMPI values and TBA levels, fetal Doppler measurements, and adverse neonatal outcomes was evaluated. Fetal LMPI values were significantly higher in the ICP group than in the control group (0.54 +/- 0.54 vs. 0.44 +/- 0.03; p 0.01). LMPI values were not associated with adverse neonatal outcomes in ICP cases. Fetal cardiac function (LMPI) is associated with increased bile acid levels in ICP. However, because it was not associated with adverse neonatal outcomes in ICP cases, the clinical significance of this finding is unclear. Further studies are required to evaluate the implications of increased LMPI

Role of Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D levels in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and correlation with total bile acid

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and Vitamin D and B12 levels. The study was a retrospective, cross-sectional, case–control study that evaluated 92 ICP cases and 102 pregnant women without any additional disease. ICP cases were grouped as mild and severe according to their total bile acid (TBA) levels, and their relationship with Vitamin D and B12 levels and perinatal outcomes was evaluated. Vitamin D and B12 levels of the ICP group were significantly lower than those of the control group. There was a moderate negative correlation between TBA and Vitamin D levels and a low negative correlation between TBA and Vitamin B12 levels. Adverse neonatal outcomes were significantly higher in the severe ICP group than in the mild ICP group. IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? The pathophysiology of ICP, which can lead to adverse perinatal outcomes, is not yet fully understood, and there is no preventive treatment. What do the results of this study add? This study showed that Vitamins B12 and D levels were low in women with ICP and that TBA levels were negatively correlated with Vitamin D and B12 levels. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study may guide future studies in terms of explaining the etiopathogenesis of ICP and developing treatment options

A Rare Case of Partial Unilateral Corpus Cavernosum Agenesis With Concomitant Multiple Genitourinary Anomalies

Congenital penile agenesis is a rare condition with an incidence of 1 in 30 million, while other congenital malformations of the cavernous bodies are much less common. In a few cases in the literature, it has been reported that the reason for consulting a physician with these conditions is the insufficient erection. As a first reported case, we present a 16-year-old male patient with partial unilateral corpus cavernosum agenesis accompanying genitourinary anomalies. (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc

A Rare Case of Partial Unilateral Corpus Cavernosum Agenesis With Concomitant Multiple Genitourinary Anomalies

Congenital penile agenesis is a rare condition with an incidence of 1 in 30 million, while other congenital malformations of the cavernous bodies are much less common. In a few cases in the literature, it has been reported that the reason for consulting a physician with these conditions is the insufficient erection. As a first reported case, we present a 16-year-old male patient with partial unilateral corpus cavernosum agenesis accompanying genitourinary anomalies. (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc

Prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus and perinatal outcomes by plasma zonulin levels

Purpose Zonulin has been shown to be associated with many metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between maternal plasma zonulin levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its perinatal outcomes. Materials A total of 100 pregnant women, 56 with GDM and 44 controls, were included in this prospective case-control study. Maternal plasma zonulin levels were evaluated in each trimester. The association between zonulin levels and GDM, body mass index (BMI) and adverse perinatal outcomes was evaluated. The GDM predictability of zonulin levels for each trimester was analyzed with the receiver operator curve (ROC). Results Plasma zonulin levels were significantly higher in pregnant with GDM in all trimesters (p = 25-30 (kg/m(2))] in all trimesters (p < 0.05; for all). Zonulin levels were significantly higher in pregnant women with composite adverse outcomes that included at least one of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and 1st minute APGAR score < 7. Conclusion Increased maternal plasma zonulin levels were associated with increased risk of GDM and adverse perinatal outcomes. Zonulin may be a potential marker to predict GDM risk and perinatal outcomes

Effect of Levothyroxine Sodium Intake on the Fetal Fraction in Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and fetal fraction (FF) are shown to be affected by various factors like maternal characteristics or medications. Recently medications are now undergoing evaluation as influencing factors. Still no data are presented on the relation between levothyroxine, NIPT and FF results. The study's aim is to assess the effect of levothyroxine sodium on the FF. Material and Methods: This retrospective case control study was conducted with medical records of pregnant women who underwent NIPT between 2016-2020 at our institution. Women with multiple gestation, body-mass index >= 25, abnormal fetal karyotype, pregnancy with assisted reproductive techniques, those without FF report and non-euthyroid patients were excluded. The pregnant euthyroid women included in the study were divided into two groups: using and not using levothyroxine. Maternal characteristics, FF of the NIPT, TSH, FT4 values and levothyroxine dosing were noted and compared between the two groups. Results: Data were collected from 51 pregnant women using levothyroxine and 102 pregnant women who did not. There was no difference in demographic characteristics, also no significant difference was shown in TSH and FT4 between the groups (p=0.180, p=0.920). The mean FF level in pregnant women using levothyroxine is lower, but the situation did not reach statistical significance (p=0.070). Conclusion: The knowledge of relation between FF and medications is largely based on very limited data. This is the first report of assessing levothyroxine effect on FF percentage in NIPT. Levothyroxine sodium was not confirmed to be associated with any significant change in the FF