The Economics of Formula 1

At the end of the 2008 season, Honda withdrew from F1 and planned to turn the attention of its 400 engineers to developing more environmentally friendly cars. In the wake of Honda’s withdrawal, Toyota, and Sauber BMW ar e scheduled to withdraw at the end of 2009 as well. This begs the question of why these mainstream automobile manufacturers are backing out of F1. The F1 market can be viewed as an oligopolistic market which comprises of a small number of strategically interacting players. The decisions made by one player in such a market affect the decisions of the others and vice versa. One of the characteristic features in an oligopolistic market is that firms can create a cartel by adopting a strategy of explicit or even tacit collusion, facilitated by their strategic interaction. The players involved in our case can be identified as the teams which compete in F1 such as Ferrari, McLaren- Mercedes, and Sauber BMW. The Federation Internationale de l’ Auto mobile is commonly know n as the FIA is the overseeing regulatory body in F1. The FIA is responsible for sanctioning of funds and licensing F1 teams

Solitary splenic metastasis in a case of treated cervical cancer: a case report

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and metastasis to the spleen is a rare entity, with only few cases being reported.  The present case of a 55-year-old patient diagnosed with a splenic lesion 3 years following completion of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for advanced cervical cancer. The patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy with splenectomy. The histopathological studies confirmed the presence of a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (in a known case of treated cervical cancer). At one-year follow-up after splenectomy, the patient was free of any recurrent disease. Owing to its rarity and scant data available, detailed workup should be done whenever a solitary lesion in the spleen is detected on follow-up since splenectomy is the apt management which is instrumental in preventing further complications and improves the survival rates

Liver abscess caused by Serratia grimesii in an immunocompetent patient

In tropical and subtropical countries, the most common cause of liver abscess is Entamoeba histolytica. However, pyogenic infections are common due to bacteria like Kleibsella pneumonia followed by Escherichchia coli and enterococcus species. The possibility of atypical organisms should be considered especially with recurrent liver abscess. We report a case of recurrent liver abscess caused by Serratia grimesii in an immunocopetent individual. Early isolation of the organism along with drug susceptibility testing would make a marked difference in improving the management of the patient and associated prognosis

Laparoscopic management of endometrial stromal sarcoma in young: a case report

Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a case malignancy and accounts for 0.2% of all uterine malignancies and 10% of all uterine sarcomas. In the present case, an unmarried 27-year-old woman presented with complaints of on and off episodes of pain in the lower abdomen. On examination, a diffuse oval mass was felt occupying the hypogastrium, iliac and lumbar regions and extending up to the umbilicus. CT scan impression was given as? Complex retroperitoneal mass? solid cystic ovarian mass with grade I right hydro nephrosis. On laparoscopy, a huge mass measuring approximately 10×10 cm was noted arising from the uterus. Laparoscopic myomectomy was done and the specimen was retrieved in a bag and the tissue was sent for histopathological examination. The postoperative clinical course was uneventful. The patient was advised to undergo oocyte cryopreservation following which she was advised hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy. Pelvic radiation was advised thereafter. ESS is a rare malignant tumor, which on histopathological examination reveals sheets of cells and endometrial stromal cell differentiation. Hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is optimum initial therapy. Radiotherapy is chosen when the tumour is inadequately excised or the pelvic disease is locally recurrent. Low grade ESS is a rare form of uterine sarcoma usually seen between 40-60 years of age with limited available data regarding the clinical course and management. Early diagnosis and management is associated with a favourable prognosis and outcome

An amalgamation of YOLOv4 and XGBoost for next-gen smart traffic management system

The traffic congestion and the rise in the number of vehicles have become a grievous issue, and it is focused worldwide. One of the issues with traffic management is that the traffic light’s timer is not dynamic. As a result, one has to remain longer even if there are no or fewer vehicles, on a roadway, causing unnecessary waiting time, fuel consumption and leads to pollution. Prior work on smart traffic management systems repurposes the use of Internet of things, Time Series Forecasting, and Digital Image Processing. Computer Vision-based smart traffic management is an emerging area of research. Therefore a real-time traffic light optimization algorithm that uses Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques to predict the optimal time required by the vehicles to clear the lane is presented. This article concentrates on a two-step approach. The first step is to obtain the count of the independent category of the class of vehicles. For this, the You Only Look Once version 4 (YOLOv4) object detection technique is employed. In the second step, an ensemble technique named eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) for predicting the optimal time of the green light window is implemented. Furthermore, the different implemented versions of YOLO and different prediction algorithms are compared with the proposed approach. The experimental analysis signifies that YOLOv4 with the XGBoost algorithm produces the most precise outcomes with a balance of accuracy and inference time. The proposed approach elegantly reduces an average of 32.3% of waiting time with usual traffic on the road

HLDC: Hindi Legal Documents Corpus

Many populous countries including India are burdened with a considerable backlog of legal cases. Development of automated systems that could process legal documents and augment legal practitioners can mitigate this. However, there is a dearth of high-quality corpora that is needed to develop such data-driven systems. The problem gets even more pronounced in the case of low resource languages such as Hindi. In this resource paper, we introduce the Hindi Legal Documents Corpus (HLDC), a corpus of more than 900K legal documents in Hindi. Documents are cleaned and structured to enable the development of downstream applications. Further, as a use-case for the corpus, we introduce the task of bail prediction. We experiment with a battery of models and propose a Multi-Task Learning (MTL) based model for the same. MTL models use summarization as an auxiliary task along with bail prediction as the main task. Experiments with different models are indicative of the need for further research in this area. We release the corpus and model implementation code with this paper: https://github.com/Exploration-Lab/HLDCComment: 16 Pages, Accepted at ACL 2022 Finding

Mapping India's energy subsidies 2021: time for renewed support to clean energy.

Government support is more important than ever for the energy transition in the wake of COVID-19, as governments around the world take unprecedented measures to help stimulate economic recovery. Shifting government support from fossil to clean energy can ensure that every rupee of public money helps access, affordability, energy security and the shift to a low-carbon economy. This report examines how the Government of India has used subsidies to support different types of energy from FY 2014 until FY 2020, and draws on qualitative data to describe major shifts since the onset of COVID-19. In light of the government commitments to Aatmanirbhar Bharat ("self-reliant India"), it also includes two special thematic chapters. The first explores how subsidy policy can best promote solar photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing as part of the road to 450 GW of renewable energy by 2030. The second examines how investments by public sector undertakings (PSUs) - that is, enterprises where the government is the majority owner - are supporting clean energy. Our data, summarized in Figure ES1, cover all subsidies from production to consumption for coal, oil and gas, electricity transmission and distribution (T&D), renewable energy, and electric vehicles (EVs). Nuclear and hydropower are not included due to a lack of adequate data availability. The underlying data are available online and have been made easier to explore with an accompanying data portal

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Chilaiditi′s syndrome masquerading as chest pain

Chilaiditi syndrome is a condition in which the colon or rarely the small bowel is interposed temporarily or permanently between the liver and the diaphragm. Usually it is an asymptomatic and incidental radiographic finding, but may present with a variety of symptoms. We report a case of Chilaiditi syndrome with small bowel interposition who presented with chest pain, initially suspected to be myocardial infarction. Further Investigations revealed normal cardiac functions and gas under the right hemidiaphragm suggestive of pneumoperitoneum. After careful inspection of radiograph it was found to be gas filled small bowel between liver and diaphragm, which was later confirmed by ultrasound examination. The patient was successfully managed conservatively

The Economics of Formula 1

At the end of the 2008 season, Honda withdrew from F1 and planned to turn the attention of its 400 engineers to developing more environmentally friendly cars. In the wake of Honda’s withdrawal, Toyota, and Sauber BMW ar e scheduled to withdraw at the end of 2009 as well. This begs the question of why these mainstream automobile manufacturers are backing out of F1. The F1 market can be viewed as an oligopolistic market which comprises of a small number of strategically interacting players. The decisions made by one player in such a market affect the decisions of the others and vice versa. One of the characteristic features in an oligopolistic market is that firms can create a cartel by adopting a strategy of explicit or even tacit collusion, facilitated by their strategic interaction. The players involved in our case can be identified as the teams which compete in F1 such as Ferrari, McLaren- Mercedes, and Sauber BMW. The Federation Internationale de l’ Auto mobile is commonly know n as the FIA is the overseeing regulatory body in F1. The FIA is responsible for sanctioning of funds and licensing F1 teams