Suivis gynécologiques de juments dans le cadre d'une clientèle vétérinaire‎ : analyse des performances de reproduction

L’objectif de cette étude était de décrire la gestion de la reproduction et d’étudier les facteurs pouvant influencer les performances de reproduction chez la jument dans le cadre de la saillie naturelle, l’insémination artificielle et la collecte d’embryons. Pour cela, 769 cycles (dont 35 consacrés à la collecte d’embryons) de 494 juments suivis au Haras du petit Hautier (Normandie) entre 2014 et 2018, ont été analysés. Pour la reproduction classique, le taux de gestation par cycle s’est élevé à 54,7%et l’exploitation de1,5 cycles en moyenne a permis d’obtenir une gestation. Le taux de poulain né par jument mise à la reproduction est de 67,5% et le taux d’avortement embryonnaire et fœtal de 20,5%. Dans notre étude, la gestion des endométrites post-insémination a représenté un enjeux majeur et l’administration d’utérokinétiques et/ou de lavages utérins à titre préventif avant l’insémination, ou curatif après l’insémination s’est avérée efficace pour préserver la fertilité des juments. Les collectes embryonnaires ont concerné un effectif réduit de juments et le taux d’embryons collectés par cycle a été de 0,39. Le taux d’embryons collectés a été augmenté lors d’ovulations multiples comparativement à une ovulation simple. Un lavage supplémentaire après une collecte infructueuse permet d’améliorer le taux de collecte

Burnout profiles among young researchers:A latent profile analysis

INTRODUCTION: Burnout is a growing problem among young researchers, affecting individuals, organizations and society. Our study aims to identify burnout profiles and highlight the corresponding job demands and resources, resulting in recommendations to reduce burnout risk in the academic context. METHODS: This cross-sectional study collected data from young researchers (n = 1,123) at five Flemish universities through an online survey measuring burnout risk, work engagement, sleeping behavior, and the most prominent job demands (e.g., publication pressure) and resources (e.g., social support). We conducted Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify burnout profiles in young researchers and subsequently compared these groups on job demands and resources patterns. RESULTS: Five burnout profiles were identified: (1) High Burnout Risk (9.3%), (2) Cynical (30.1%), (3) Overextended (2.3%), (4) Low Burnout Risk (34.8%), and (5) No Burnout Risk (23.6%). Each burnout profile was associated with a different pattern of job demands and resources. For instance, high levels of meaningfulness (OR = −1.96) decreased the odds to being classified in the Cynical profile. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that the Cynical profile corresponds to a relatively high number of young researchers, which may imply that they are particularly vulnerable to the cynicism dimension of burnout. Additionally, work-life interference and perceived publication pressure seemed the most significant predictors of burnout risk, while meaningfulness, social support from supervisor and learning opportunities played an important protective role

“Up To Date 2” Vervolgproject

Prévalence de l'abus de substances dans la population belge au travail. Formation des médecins à la thématique des abus de substances.Up to Date 2 (Use of psychoactive substances in adults: Prevention and Treatment by general practitioners and Occupational physicians - DATa retriEval

Obstacles in measles elimination: an in-depth description of a measles outbreak in Ghent, Belgium, spring 2011

BACKGROUND: From Mid-February to April 2011 one of the largest measles-outbreak in Flanders, since the start of the 2-dose vaccination scheme in 1995, took place in Ghent, Belgium. The outbreak started in a day care center, infecting children too young to be vaccinated, after which it spread to anthroposophic schools with a low measles, mumps and rubella vaccination coverage. This report describes the outbreak and evaluates the control measures and interventions. METHODS: Data collection was done through the system of mandatory notification of the public health authority. Vaccination coverage in the schools was assessed by a questionnaire and the electronic immunization database ‘Vaccinnet’. A case was defined as anyone with laboratory confirmed measles or with clinical symptoms and an epidemiological link to a laboratory confirmed case. Towards the end of the outbreak we only sought laboratory confirmation for persons with an atypical clinical presentation or without an epidemiological link. In search for an index patient we determined the measles IgG level of infants from the day care center. RESULTS: A total of 65 cases were reported of which 31 were laboratory confirmed. Twenty-five were confirmed by PCR and/or IgM. In 6 infants, too young to be vaccinated, only elevated measles IgG levels were found. Most cases (72%) were young children (0–9 years old). All but two cases were completely unimmunized. In the day care center all the infants who were too young to be vaccinated (N=14) were included as cases. Thirteen of them were laboratory confirmed. Eight of these infants were hospitalized with symptoms suspicious for measles. Vaccination coverage in the affected anthroposophic schools was low, 45-49% of the pupils were unvaccinated. We organized vaccination campaigns in the schools and vaccinated 79 persons (25% of those unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated). CONCLUSIONS: Clustering of unvaccinated persons, in a day care center and in anthroposophic schools, allows for measles outbreaks and is an important obstacle for the elimination of measles. Isolation measures, a vacation period and an immunization campaign limited the spread of measles within the schools but could not prevent further spread among unvaccinated family members. It was necessary to raise clinicians' awareness of measles since it had become a rare, less known disease and went undiagnosed

Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) for diabetes screening in occupational health care

Objectives: The objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence of undiagnosed dysglycaemia and the risk for type 2 diabetes using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) in the working population of Belgium. Moreover, it was to evaluate performance and applicability of FINDRISC as a screening tool during occupational health surveillance. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was carried out over the years 2010–2011 among 275 healthy employees who underwent a health check including fasting plasma glucose and the FINDRISC questionnaire. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of different FINDRISC cut-off values to detect dysglycaemia was revised in the literature and then calculated. Results: The prevalence of unknown dysglycaemia was 1.8%. Twelve percent of the employees had a FINDRISC score of 12 to 14 corresponding to a moderate risk of 17% to develop diabetes within the next 10 years, and 5.5% had a score of 15 or more corresponding to a high – very high risk of 33% to 50%. All dysglycaemic individuals had a FINDRISC score of 12 or higher. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting dysglycaemia was respectively 100% and 84.1% for a FINDRISC cut-off value ≥ 12; and 80% and 95.9% for a cut-off value ≥ 15. Conclusions: A considerable number of workers had dysglycaemia or was at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The questionnaire is a reliable, valuable and easy to use screening tool in occupational health surveillance

Air pollution and endocrine disruptors induce human microbiome imbalances: A systematic review of recent evidence and possible biological mechanisms

A rich body of literature indicates that environmental factors interact with the human microbiome and influence its composition and functions contributing to the pathogenesis of diseases in distal sites of the body. This systematic review examines the scientific evidence on the effect of environmental toxicants, air pollutants and endocrine disruptors (EDCs), on compositional and diversity of human microbiota. Articles from PubMed, Embase, WoS and Google Scholar where included if they focused on human populations or the SHIME® model, and assessed the effects of air pollutants and EDCs on human microbiome. Non-human studies, not written in English and not displaying original research were excluded. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of individual studies. Results were extracted and presented in tables. 31 studies were selected, including 24 related to air pollutants, 5 related to EDCs, and 2 related to EDC using the SHIME® model. 19 studies focussed on the respiratory system (19), gut (8), skin (2), vaginal (1) and mammary (1) microbiomes. No sufficient number of studies are available to observe a consistent trend for most of the microbiota, except for streptococcus and veillionellales for which 9 out of 10, and 3 out of 4 studies suggest an increase of abundance with exposure to air pollution. A limitation of the evidence reviewed is the scarcity of existing studies assessing microbiomes from individual systems. Growing evidence suggests that exposure to environmental contaminants could change the diversity and abundance of resident microbiota, e.g. in the upper and lower respiratory, gastrointestinal, and female reproductive system. Microbial dysbiosis might lead to colonization of pathogens and outgrowth of pathobionts facilitating infectious diseases. It also might prime metabolic dysfunctions disrupting the production of beneficial metabolites. Further studies should elucidate the role of environmental pollutants in the development of dysbiosis and dysregulation of microbiota-related immunological processes.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Jaume

Игровые модели формирования сетевого взаимодействия

В последнее время сетевые игры активно применяются для построения моделей социального взаимодействия. Однако общая теоретико-игровая модель страдает от большого количества равновесий по Нэшу. В данной работе представлена программная реализация модели, гарантирующей существование и единственность равновесия по Нэшу. Для кооперативной модели игры приведено доказательство непустоты с-ядра для полной сети.Network games in recent years are actively used to build models of social interaction. However, the general game-theoretic model suffers from multiple Nash equilibria. In this paper, I present a software implementation of the framework, which guarantees the existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium. For the co-operative model of the game shows the core nonemptiness proof for the complete network