Gene expression profiling in genetic animal models of provide elements to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis in rodents

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to characterize and compare the genetic profile of two rodent models of epilepsy (Wistar Audiogenic Rat - WAR and rats with generalized epilepsy with absence seizures-GEAS) using gene expression analysis METHODS: We used microarray technology for gene expression analysis. RESULTS: The analysis of gene expression profiles in WAR showed among genes up-regulated Neurod1, involved in the development of the cochlear duct. In addition, we found significant differences in gene expression of Apbb1, Foxg1 and Scn1A. GEAS rats had differentially expressed genes related to the development of central nervous system, as well as genes involved in the MAPK pathway, transcription factors, neuronal migration and apoptosis. CONCLUSION: This study may help to clarify the underlying molecular mechanism that leads to the predisposition to seizures in these animals. Our results indicate the activation of distinct molecular pathways in both models.OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar e comparar o perfil genético de dois modelos de epilepsia em roedores (Wistar Audiogenic Rat - WAR e generalized epilepsy with absence seizures - GEAS) através da análise da expressão gênica em larga escala. MÉTODOS: Para a análise do perfil de expressão gênica foi utilizada a técnica de microarranjos de DNA (microarray). RESULTADOS: Na linhagem WAR a análise do perfil de expressão mostrou que dentro os genes mais hiperexpressos está o Neurod1, envolvido com o desenvolvimento do ducto coclear. Além desse encontramos também diferenças significativas na expressão dos genes Apbb1, Foxg1 e Scn1A. Já nos animais GEAS os genes com maior expressão diferencial foram àqueles relacionados com o desenvolvimento do sistema nervoso central, além de genes envolvidos com a via da MAPK, fatores de transcrição, migração neuronal e apoptose. CONCLUSÃO: Esta análise pode ajudar a esclarecer o mecanismo molecular subjacente que leva a predisposição a crises nesses animais. Até o momento, nossos resultados apontam para a ativação de vias moleculares distintas em ambos os modelos.505

Biomphalaria tenagophila/Schistosoma mansoni interaction: premises for a new approach to biological control of schistosomiasis

Biomphalaria tenagophila is very important for schistosomiasis transmission in Brazil. However its mechanisms of interaction with Schistosoma mansoni are still scantly studied. Since this snail displays strains highly susceptible or completely resistant to the parasite infection, the knowledge of that would be a useful tool to understand the mechanism of snail resistance. Particularly, the Taim strain consistently shows absolute resistance against the trematode, and this resistance is a dominant character. A multidisciplinary research group was created aiming at studying B. tenagophila/S. mansoni interaction. The possibility for applying the knowledge acquired to obtain a biological model for the control of S. mansoni transmission in endemic areas is discussed

Successful Thrombectomy Improves Functional Outcome in Tandem Occlusions with a Large Ischemic Core

International audienceBackground: Emergent stenting in tandem occlusions and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) of acute ischemic stroke related to large vessel occlusion (LVO-AIS) with a large core are tested independently. We aim to assess the impact of reperfusion with MT in patients with LVO-AIS with a large core and a tandem occlusion and to compare the safety of reperfusion between large core with tandem and nontandem occlusions in current practice. Methods: We analyzed data of all consecutive patients included in the prospective Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke Registry in France between January 2015 and March 2023 who presented with a pretreatment ASPECTS (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score) of 0–5 and angiographically proven tandem occlusion. The primary end point was a favorable outcome defined by a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–3 at 90 days. Results: Among 262 included patients with a tandem occlusion and ASPECTS 0–5, 203 patients (77.5%) had a successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grade 2b-3). Reperfused patients had a favorable shift in the overall mRS score distribution (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.57 [1.22–2.03]; P < 0.001), higher rates of mRS score 0–3 (aOR, 7.03 [2.60–19.01]; P < 0.001) and mRS score 0–2 at 90 days (aOR, 3.85 [1.39–10.68]; P = 0.009) compared with nonreperfused. There was a trend between the occurrence of successful reperfusion and a decreased rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (aOR, 0.5 [0.22–1.13]; P = 0.096). Similar safety outcomes were observed after large core reperfusion in tandem and nontandem occlusions. Conclusions: Successful reperfusion was associated with a higher rate of favorable outcome in large core LVO-AIS with a tandem occlusion, with a safety profile similar to nontandem occlusion